Preventing recurrence of postpartum depression by regulating sleep

References

• Wang Z, Liu J, Shuai H, et al. Mapping global prevalence of depression among postpartum women. Transl Psychiatry. 2021;11(1):543. doi: 10.1038/s41398-021-01663-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sit KLWD, McShea M, McShea MC, et al. Onset timing, thoughts of self-harm, and diagnoses in postpartum women with screen-positive depression findings. JAMA Psychiatry. 2013 May;70(5):490.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silverman ME, Reichenberg A, Savitz D, et al. The risk factors for postpartum depression: a population-based study. Depress Anxiety. 2017 Feb;34(2):178–187. doi: 10.1002/da.22597
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Viguera AC, Tondo L, Koukopoulos AE, et al. Episodes of mood disorders in 2,252 pregnancies and postpartum periods. Am J Psychiatry. 2011 Nov;168(11):1179–1185. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2011.11010148
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim JH, Kim J, Lee S, et al. Environmental risk factors, protective factors, and biomarkers for postpartum depressive symptoms: an umbrella review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2022 Sep;140:104761. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104761
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gastaldon C, Solmi M, Correll CU, et al. Risk factors of postpartum depression and depressive symptoms: umbrella review of current evidence from systematic reviews and meta-analyses of observational studies. Br J Psychiatry. 2022 Oct;221(4):591–602. doi: 10.1192/bjp.2021.222
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rafferty J, Mattson G, Earls MF, et al. Incorporating recognition and management of perinatal depression into pediatric practice. Pediatrics. 2019 Jan;143(1):e20183260.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Treatment and Management of Mental Health Conditions During Pregnancy and Postpartum. Obstet & Gynecol. Jun2023;1416:1262–1288. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000005202
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Screening and Diagnosis of Mental Health Conditions During Pregnancy and Postpartum. Obstet & Gynecol. Jun2023;1416:1232–1261. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000005200
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ACOG Committee. ACOG committee opinion no. 757: screening for perinatal depression. Obstetrics & Gynecology. 2018;132(5):e208–e212. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000002927
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cox JL, Holden JM, Sagovsky R. Detection of postnatal depression. development of the 10-item edinburgh postnatal depression scale. Br J Psychiatry. 1987 Jun;150(6):782–786. doi: 10.1192/bjp.150.6.782
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Curry SJ, Krist A, Owens D, et al. Interventions to prevent perinatal depression. JAMA. 2019 Feb;321(6):580. doi: 10.1001/jama.2019.0007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chow R, Huang E, Li A, et al. Appraisal of systematic reviews on interventions for postpartum depression: systematic review. Bmc Pregnancy Childbirth. 2021 Dec;21(1):18. doi: 10.1186/s12884-020-03496-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Molyneaux E, Telesia LA, Henshaw C, et al. Antidepressants for preventing postnatal depression. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018 Apr;2018(4): doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD004363.pub3.
   Google Scholar
• Obeysekare JL, Cohen Z, Coles M, et al. Delayed sleep timing and circadian rhythms in pregnancy and transdiagnostic symptoms associated with postpartum depression. Transl Psychiatry. 2020 Dec;10(1):14. doi: 10.1038/s41398-020-0683-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharma V. Is postpartum depression a clinically useful concept? Expert Rev Neurother. 2021;21(9):945–947. doi: 10.1080/14737175.2021.1966300
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trede K, Baldessarini RJ, Viguera AC, et al. Treatise on insanity in pregnant, postpartum, and lactating women (1858) by Louis-Victor Marcé. Harv Rev Psychiatry. 2009 Apr;17(2):157–165.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 5th, 2022.Accessed: Oct. 25, 2022. [Online]. Available doi: 10.1176/appi.books.9780890425787
   Google Scholar
• Sharma V, Doobay M, Baczynski C. Bipolar postpartum depression: an update and recommendations. J Affect Disord. 2017 Sep;219:105–111. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2017.05.014
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharma V, Khan M, Corpse C, et al. Missed bipolarity and psychiatric comorbidity in women with postpartum depression. Bipolar Disord. 2008 Sep;10(6):742–747. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-5618.2008.00606.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Postpartum depression: action towards causes and treatment (PACT) consortium, “heterogeneity of postpartum depression: a latent class analysis. Lancet Psychiatry. Jan2015;21:59–67. doi: 10.1016/S2215-0366(14)00055-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wisner KL, Perel JM, Peindl KS, et al. Timing of depression recurrence in the first year after birth. J Affect Disord. 2004 Mar;78(3):249–252. doi: 10.1016/S0165-0327(02)00305-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Azorin J-M, Angst J, Gamma A, et al. Identifying features of bipolarity in patients with first-episode postpartum depression: findings from the international BRIDGE study. J Affect Disord. 2012 Feb;136(3):710–715. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2011.10.003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Galea LAM, Frokjaer VG. Perinatal depression: embracing variability toward better treatment and outcomes. Neuron. 2019 Apr;102(1):13–16. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2019.02.023
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mandelli L, Souery D, Bartova L, et al. Bipolar II disorder as a risk factor for postpartum depression. J Affect Disord. 2016 Nov;204:54–58. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2016.06.025
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Islam MJ, Broidy L, Baird K, et al. Early exclusive breastfeeding cessation and postpartum depression: assessing the mediating and moderating role of maternal stress and social support. Plos One. 2021;16(5):e0251419. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251419
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burke CS, Susser LC, Hermann AD. GABAA dysregulation as an explanatory model for late-onset postpartum depression associated with weaning and resumption of menstruation. Arch Womens Ment Health. 2019 Feb;22(1):55–63. doi:10.1007/s00737-018-0871-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fairbrother N, Janssen P, Antony MM, et al. Perinatal anxiety disorder prevalence and incidence. J Affect Disord. 2016 Aug;200:148–155. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2015.12.082
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pereira D, Pessoa AR, Madeira N, et al. Association between premenstrual dysphoric disorder and perinatal depression: a systematic review. Arch Womens Ment Health. 2022 Feb;25(1):61–70. doi: 10.1007/s00737-021-01177-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Padin AC, Stevens NR, Che ML, et al. Screening for PTSD during pregnancy: a missed opportunity. Bmc Pregnancy Childbirth. 2022 Jun;22(1):487. doi: 10.1186/s12884-022-04797-7
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Deforges C, Noël Y, Eberhard-Gran M, et al. Prenatal insomnia and childbirth-related PTSD symptoms: a prospective population-based cohort study. J Affect Disord. 2021;295:305–315. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.08.024
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cox RC, Olatunji BO. Sleep in the anxiety-related disorders: a meta-analysis of subjective and objective research. Sleep Med Rev. Jun 2020;51:101282. doi: 10.1016/j.smrv.2020.101282
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nota JA, Sharkey KM, Coles ME. Sleep, arousal, and circadian rhythms in adults with obsessive–compulsive disorder: a meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2015 Apr;51:100–107. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.01.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wisner KL, Perel JM, Peindl KS, et al. Prevention of postpartum depression: a pilot randomized clinical trial. Am J Psychiatry. 2004 Jul;161(7):1290–1292. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.161.7.1290
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wisner KL, Perel JM, Peindl KS, et al. Prevention of recurrent postpartum depression: a randomized clinical trial. J Clin Psychiatry. 2001 Feb;62(2):82–86. doi: 10.4088/jcp.v62n0202
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suri R, Stowe Z, Cohen L, et al. Prospective longitudinal study of predictors of postpartum-onset depression in women with a history of major depressive disorder. J Clin Psychiatry. 2017;78(8):1110–1116. doi: 10.4088/JCP.15m10427
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pope CJ, Sharma V, Sommerdyk C, et al. Antidepressants and recurrence of depression in the postpartum period. Arch Womens Ment Health. 2018;21(6):821–828. doi: 10.1007/s00737-018-0877-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wisner KL, Hanusa BH, Peindl KS, et al. Prevention of postpartum episodes in women with bipolar disorder. Biol Psychiatry. 2004 Oct;56(8):592–596. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.07.022
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Munk-Olsen T, Laursen TM, Meltzer-Brody S, et al. Psychiatric disorders with postpartum onset: possible early manifestations of bipolar affective disorders. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2012 Apr;69(4):428–434. doi: 10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2011.157
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharma V. A cautionary note on the use of antidepressants in postpartum depression. Bipolar Disord. 2006 Aug;8(4):411–414. doi:10.1111/j.1399-5618.2006.00336.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim J-H, Choi SS, Ha K. A closer look at depression in mothers who kill their children: is it unipolar or bipolar depression? J Clin Psychiatry. 2008 Oct;69(10):1625–1631. doi: 10.4088/jcp.v69n1013
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wesseloo R, Liu X, Clark CT, et al. Risk of postpartum episodes in women with bipolar disorder after lamotrigine or lithium use during pregnancy: A population-based cohort study. J Affect Disord. 2017;218:394–397. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2017.04.070
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hippocrates H, Jones WHS, Withington ET, et al. Hippocrates. Cambridge: Heineman; Putnam; Harvard University Press; 1962.
   Google Scholar
• Savage G. Prevention and treatment of insanity of pregnancy and puerperal period. Lancet. 1896;1:164–165.
   Google Scholar
• Jones R. Puerperal insanity. BMJ. 1902 Mar;1(2149):579–586. doi:10.1136/bmj.1.2149.579
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lewis KS, Gordon-Smith K, Forty L, et al. Sleep loss as a trigger of mood episodes in bipolar disorder: individual differences based on diagnostic subtype and gender. Br J Psychiatry. 2017 Sep;211(3):169–174. doi: 10.1192/bjp.bp.117.202259
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin P-C, Ko C-H, Lin Y-J, et al. Insomnia, inattention and fatigue symptoms of women with premenstrual dysphoric disorder. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jun;18(12):6192.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang Z, Zhu Z, Wang C, et al. Association between adverse perinatal outcomes and sleep disturbances during pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Matern-Fetal Neonatal Med. 2022 Jan;35(1):166–174. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2020.1711727
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park EM, Meltzer-Brody S, Stickgold R. Poor sleep maintenance and subjective sleep quality are associated with postpartum maternal depression symptom severity. Arch Womens Ment Health. 2013 Dec;16(6):539–547. doi:10.1007/s00737-013-0356-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dørheim SK, Bondevik GT, Eberhard-Gran M, et al. Sleep and depression in postpartum women: a population-based study. Sleep. 2009 Jul;32(7):847–855. doi: 10.1093/sleep/32.7.847
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Okun ML, Hanusa BH, Hall M, et al. Sleep complaints in late pregnancy and the recurrence of postpartum depression. Behav Sleep Med. 2009 Mar;7(2):106–117. doi: 10.1080/15402000902762394
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wolfson AR, Crowley SJ, Anwer U, et al. Changes in sleep patterns and depressive symptoms in first-time mothers: last trimester to 1-year postpartum. Behav Sleep Med. 2003 Feb;1(1):54–67. doi: 10.1207/S15402010BSM0101_6
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bei B, Milgrom J, Ericksen J, et al. Subjective perception of sleep, but not its objective quality, is associated with immediate postpartum mood disturbances in healthy women. Sleep. 2010 Apr;33(4):531–538.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lawson A, Murphy KE, Sloan E, et al. The relationship between sleep and postpartum mental disorders: a systematic review. J Affect Disord. 2015 May;176:65–77. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2015.01.017
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quin N, Lee JJ, Pinnington DM, et al. Differentiating perinatal insomnia disorder and sleep disruption: a longitudinal study from pregnancy to 2 years postpartum. Sleep. 2022;45(2). doi: 10.1093/sleep/zsab293
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Okun ML, Mancuso RA, Hobel CJ, et al. Poor sleep quality increases symptoms of depression and anxiety in postpartum women. J Behav Med. 2018 Oct;41(5):703–710. doi: 10.1007/s10865-018-9950-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gueron-Sela N, Shahar G, Volkovich E, et al. Prenatal maternal sleep and trajectories of postpartum depression and anxiety symptoms. J Sleep Res. 2021 Aug;30(4):e13258. doi: 10.1111/jsr.13258
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• González-Mesa E, Cuenca-Marin C, Suarez-Arana M, et al. Poor sleep quality is associated with perinatal depression. A systematic review of last decade scientific literature and meta-analysis. J Perinat Med. 2019 Sep;47(7):689–703. doi: 10.1515/jpm-2019-0214
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Osnes RS, Eberhard-Gran M, Follestad T, et al. Mid-pregnancy insomnia and its association with perinatal depressive symptoms: a prospective cohort study. Behav Sleep Med. 2021 May;19(3):285–302. doi: 10.1080/15402002.2020.1743705
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pietikäinen JT, Härkänen T, Polo-Kantola P, et al. Estimating the cumulative risk of postnatal depressive symptoms: the role of insomnia symptoms across pregnancy. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2021 Dec;56(12):2251–2261. doi: 10.1007/s00127-021-02101-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dørheim SK, Bjorvatn B, Eberhard-Gran M, et al. Can insomnia in pregnancy predict postpartum depression? A longitudinal, population-based study. Plos One. 2014;9(4):e94674. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0094674
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sedov ID, Cameron EE, Madigan S, et al. Sleep quality during pregnancy: A meta-analysis. Sleep Med Rev. 2018 Apr;38:168–176. doi: 10.1016/j.smrv.2017.06.005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kalmbach DA, Cheng P, Drake CL. A pathogenic cycle between insomnia and cognitive arousal fuels perinatal depression: exploring the roles of nocturnal cognitive arousal and perinatal-focused rumination. Sleep. 2021 Jun;44(6): doi: 10.1093/sleep/zsab028
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Field T, Diego M, Hernandez-Reif M, et al. Sleep disturbances in depressed pregnant women and their newborns. Infant Behav Dev. 2007 Feb;30(1):127–133. doi: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2006.08.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Okun ML, Kiewra K, Luther JF, et al. Sleep disturbances in depressed and nondepressed pregnant women. Depress Anxiety. 2011 Aug;28(8):676–685.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Okun ML, Luther J, Prather AA, et al. Changes in sleep quality, but not hormones predict time to postpartum depression recurrence. J Affect Disord. 2011 May;130(3):378–384. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2010.07.015
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharkey KM, Pearlstein TB, Carskadon MA. Circadian phase shifts and mood across the perinatal period in women with a history of major depressive disorder: A preliminary communication. J Affect Disord. 2013 Sep;150(3):1103–1108. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2013.04.046
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McEwen BS, Karatsoreos IN. Sleep deprivation and circadian disruption: stress, allostasis, and allostatic load. Sleep Med Clin. 2015 Mar;10(1):1–10. doi:10.1016/j.jsmc.2014.11.007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Manber R, Bei B, Simpson N, et al. Cognitive behavioral therapy for prenatal insomnia: a randomized controlled trial. Obstet & Gynecol. 2019;133(5):911–919. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000003216
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Felder JN, Epel ES, Neuhaus J, et al. Efficacy of digital cognitive behavioral therapy for the treatment of insomnia symptoms among pregnant women. JAMA Psychiatry. 2020 May;77(5):484. doi: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2019.4491
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kalmbach DA, Cheng P, O’Brien L, et al. A randomized controlled trial of digital cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia in pregnant women. Sleep Med. 2020;72:82–92. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2020.03.016
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bei B, Pinnington D, Quin N, et al. Improving perinatal sleep via a scalable cognitive behavioural intervention: findings from a randomised controlled trial from pregnancy to 2 years postpartum. Psychol Med. Jul 2021;1–11. doi: 10.1017/S0033291721001860
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khazaie H, Ghadami MR, Knight DC, et al. Insomnia treatment in the third trimester of pregnancy reduces postpartum depression symptoms: a randomized clinical trial. Psychiatry Res. 2013 Dec;210(3):901–905. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2013.08.017
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palagini L, Bramante A, Baglioni C, et al. Insomnia evaluation and treatment during peripartum: a joint position paper from the European insomnia network task force ‘sleep and women,’ the Italian marcè society and international experts task force for perinatal mental health. Arch Womens Ment Health. Jun 2022;25(3):561–575. doi: 10.1007/s00737-022-01226-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palagini L, Cipollone G, Masci I, et al. Stress-related sleep reactivity is associated with insomnia, psychopathology and suicidality in pregnant women: preliminary results. Sleep Med. 2019 Apr;56:145–150. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2019.01.009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharma V, Palagini L, Riemann D. Should we target insomnia to treat and prevent postpartum depression? The Journal Of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine. 2021 Nov;35(25):8794–8796. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2021.2005021
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kalmbach DA, Anderson JR, Drake CL. The impact of stress on sleep: Pathogenic sleep reactivity as a vulnerability to insomnia and circadian disorders. J Sleep Res. 2018 Dec;27(6):e12710. doi: 10.1111/jsr.12710
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harvey C-J, Gehrman P, Espie CA. Who is predisposed to insomnia: a review of familial aggregation, stress-reactivity, personality and coping style. Sleep Med Rev. 2014 Jun;18(3):237–247. doi: 10.1016/j.smrv.2013.11.004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steiner M. Postnatal depression: a few simple questions. Fam Pract. 2002 Oct;19(5):469–470. doi: 10.1093/fampra/19.5.469
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharma V, Singh P, Baczynski C, et al. A closer look at the nosological status of the highs (hypomanic symptoms) in the postpartum period. Arch Womens Ment Health. 2021 Feb;24(1):55–62. doi: 10.1007/s00737-020-01023-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Okun ML, Kravitz HM, Sowers MF, et al. Psychometric evaluation of the insomnia symptom questionnaire: a self-report measure to identify chronic insomnia. J Clin Sleep Med. 2009 Feb;5(1):41–51.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bourjeily G, Ankner G, Mohsenin V. Sleep-disordered breathing in pregnancy. Clin Chest Med. 2011 Mar;32(1):175–189. doi: 10.1016/j.ccm.2010.11.003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakahara K, Michikawa T, Morokuma S, et al. Association of maternal sleep before and during pregnancy with sleep and developmental problems in 1-year-old infants. Sci Rep. 2021 Jun;11(1):11834. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-91271-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ragni B, De Stasio S. Parental involvement in children’s sleep care and nocturnal awakenings in infants and toddlers. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Aug;17(16):5808. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17165808
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Uguz F, Kirkas A. Olanzapine and quetiapine in the prevention of a new mood episode in women with bipolar disorder during the postpartum period: a retrospective cohort study. Brazilian Journal Of Psychiatry. 2021 Dec;43(6):617–620. doi: 10.1590/1516-4446-2020-1629
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bilszta JLC, Meyer D, Buist AE. Bipolar affective disorder in the postnatal period: investigating the role of sleep. Bipolar Disord. 2010 Aug;12(5):568–578. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-5618.2010.00845.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thomson M, Sharma V. Therapeutics of postpartum depression. Expert Rev Neurother. 2017 May;17(5):495–507. doi: 10.1080/14737175.2017.1265888
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miura Y, Ogawa Y, Shibata A, et al. App-based interventions for the prevention of postpartum depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Bmc Pregnancy Childbirth. 2023 Jun;23(1):441.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Antenatal and postnatal mental health: clinical management and service guidance. London: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE); 2018.
   Google Scholar
• Kanes S, Colquhoun H, Gunduz-Bruce H, et al. Brexanolone (SAGE-547 injection) in post-partum depression: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2017 Jul;390(10093):480–489. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(17)31264-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharma V. A closer look at the preventative effect of antidepressants in postpartum depression. Arch Womens Ment Health. Apr 2017;20(2):357–360. doi: 10.1007/s00737-016-0709-2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharma V, Sommerdyk C. Are antidepressants effective in the treatment of postpartum depression? A systematic review. Prim Care Companion CNS Disord. 2013;15(6). doi: 10.4088/PCC.13r01529
   Google Scholar