GP speciality trainees’ knowledge, attitude and practice regarding risks associated with common radiological investigations

References

• RCGP and RCR (2010) Access to Imaging: a joint statement from the Royal College of General Practitioners and the Royal College of Radiologists. Available from: www.rcr.ac.uk/docs/radiology/pdf/BFCR(10)18_RCR_ RCGP.pdf (accessed 28/01/13).
   Google Scholar
• Department of Health (2010) Total Number of Imaging and Radiodiagnostic Examinations or Tests by Imaging Modality 1995-96 to 2010-11. Available from: www.dh. gov.uk/en/Publicationsandstatistics/Statistics/ Performancedataandstatistics/HospitalActivityStatistics/ DH_077487 (accessed 28/01/13).
   Google Scholar
• International Atomic Energy Agency (2009) Report of a consultation on justification of patient exposures in medical imaging. IAEA: Radiation Protection Dosimetry 135 (2): 137-44.
   Google Scholar
• Brenner DJ, Doll R, Goodhead DT et al (2003) Cancer risks attributable to low doses of ionizing radiation: assessing what we really know. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 100 (24): 13761-6.
   Google Scholar
• International Atomic Energy Agency (2013) Information for Referring Medical Practitioners. Radiation Protection of Patients (RPOP). Available from: https://rpop.iaea.org/ RPOP/RPoP/Content/InformationFor/ HealthProfessionals/6_OtherClinicalSpecialities/referring-medical-practitioners/index.htm (accessed 23/01/13).
   Google Scholar
• RCGP (2012) RCGP-Curriculum-2.01-GP-Consultation-In-Practice.pdf (application/pdf Object). Available from: www.rcgp-curriculum.org.uk/pdf/RCGP-Curriculum-2.01-GP-Consultation-In-Practice.pdf (accessed 19/09/12).
   Google Scholar
• RCGP (2012) RCGP-Curriculum-2.02-Patient-Safety-and-Quality-Of-Care.pdf (application/pdf Object). Available from: www.rcgp-curriculum.org.uk/pdf/RCGP-Curriculum-2.02-Patient-Safety-and-Quality-Of-Care.pdf (accessed 19/09/12).
   Google Scholar
• Krille L, Hammer GP, Merzenich H and Zeeb H (2010) Systematic review on physician’s knowledge about radiation doses and radiation risks of computed tomography. European Journal of Radiology 76 (1): 36-41.
   Google Scholar
• Lee CI, Haims AH, Monico EP, Brink JA and Forman HP (2004) Diagnostic CT scans: assessment of patient, physician, and radiologist awareness of radiation dose and possible risks. Radiology 231 (2): 393-8.
   Google Scholar
• Lee CI, Flaster HV, Haims AH, Monico EP and Forman HP (2006) Diagnostic CT scans: institutional informed consent guidelines and practices at academic medical centers. AJR American Journal of Roentgenology 187 (2): 282-7.
   Google Scholar
• Shiralkar S, Rennie A, Snow M, Gallano! RB, Lewis MH and Gower-Thomas K (2003) Doctors’ knowledge of radiation exposure: questionnaire study. BMJ 327 (7411): 371-2.
   Google Scholar
• Bosanquet DC, Green G, Bosanquet AJ, Galland RB, Gower-Thomas K and Lewis MH (2011) Doctors’ knowledge of radiation - a two-centre study and historical comparison. Clinical Radiology 66 (8): 748-51.
   Google Scholar
• Jacob K, Vivian G and Steel JR (2004) X-ray dose training: are we exposed to enough? Clinical Radiology 59 (10): 928-34.
   Google Scholar
• Soye JA and Paterson A (2008) A survey of awareness of radiation dose among health professionals in Northern Ireland. British Journal of Radiology 81 (969): 725-9.
   Google Scholar
• RCGP Trainee ePortfolio (2012) Available from: https:// eportfolio.rcgp.org.uk/login.asp (accessed March-June 2012).
   Google Scholar
• Health Protection Agency (2008) Typical Effective Doses, Equivalent Periods of Natural Background Radiation and Lifetime Fatal Cancer Risks from Diagnostic Medical Exposures. Health Protection Agency: London
   Google Scholar
• Gervaise A, Esperabe-Vignau F, Pernin M, Naulet P, Portron Y and Lapierre-Combes M (2011) Evaluation of the knowledge of physicians prescribing CT examinations on the radiation protection of patients. Journal of Radiology 92 (7-8): 681-7.
   Google Scholar
• Heyer CM, Peters S, Lemburg S and Nicolas V (2007) Awareness of radiation exposure of thoracic CT scans and conventional radiographs: what do non-radiologists know? [German]. Rofo: Fortschritte auf dem Gebiete der Rontgenstrahlen und der Nuklearmedizin 179 (3): 261-7.
   Google Scholar
• Politi MC, Han PKJ and Col NF (2007) Communicating the uncertainty of harms and benefits of medical interventions. Medical Decision Making 27 (5): 681-95.
   Google Scholar
• Ahmed H, Naik G, Willoughby H and Edwards AG (2012) Communicating risk. BMJ 344: e3996.
   Google Scholar
• SUIT-Heart (2012) Radio Risk Software. Available from: http://suit-heart.ifc.cnr.it (accessed 04/02/13).
   Google Scholar
• TidalPoolSoftware (2013) Radiation Passport. Available from: www.tidalpool.ca/radiationpassport/index.html (accessed 04/02/13).
   Google Scholar
• Xrayrisk.com (2013) X-Ray Risk. Available from: www.xrayrisk.com/calculator/calculator.php (accessed 04/02/13).
   Google Scholar
• RCGP (2012) RCGP-Curriculum-2.03-GP-In-Wider-Professional-Environment.pdf (application/pdf Object). Available from: www.rcgp-curriculum.org.uk/pdf/RCGP-Curriculum-2.03-GP-In-Wider-Professional-Environment. pdf (accessed 19/09/12).
   Google Scholar
• Elwyn G, Laitner S, Coulter A, Walker E, Watson P and Thomson R (2010) Implementing shared decision making in the NHS. BMJ (Online) 341 (7780): 971-2.
   Google Scholar
• King JS and Moulton BW (2006) Rethinking informed consent: the case for shared medical decision-making. American Journal of Law and Medicine 32 (4): 429-501.
   Google Scholar
• Elwyn G, Frosch D, Thomson R et al (2012) Shared decision making: a model for clinical practice. Journal of General Internal Medicine 27 (10): 1361-7.
   Google Scholar
• Fagerlin A, Zikmund-Fisher BJ and Ubel PA (2011) Helping patients decide: ten steps to better risk communication. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 103 (19): 1436-43.
   Google Scholar
• Akl EA, Oxman AD, Herrin J et al (2011) Using alternative statistical formats for presenting risks and risk reductions. Cochrane Database System Review 3: CD006776.
   Google Scholar
• Stacey D, Bennett CL, Barry MJ et al (2011) Decision aids for people facing health treatment or screening decisions. Cochrane Database System Review 10: CD001431.
   Google Scholar
• Legare F, Ratte S, Stacey D et al (2010) Interventions for improving the adoption of shared decision making by healthcare professionals. Cochrane Database System Review 5: CD006732.
   Google Scholar
• Kroth PJ, McPherson L, Leverence R et al (2009) Combining web-based and mail surveys improves response rates: a PBRN study from PRIME Net. Annals of Family Medicine 7 (3): 245-8.
   Google Scholar
• Van Gelder MMHJ, Bretveld RW and Roeleveld N (2010) Web-based questionnaires: the future in epidemiology? American Journal of Epidemiology 172 (11): 1292-8.
   Google Scholar
• Kerry S, Oakeshott P, Dundas D and Williams J (2000) Influence of postal distribution of the Royal College of Radiologists’ guidelines, together with feedback on radiological referral rates, on X-ray referrals from general practice: a randomized controlled trial. Family Practice 17 (1): 46-52.
   Google Scholar