Development of hyponatremia after terlipressin in cirrhotic patients with acute gastrointestinal bleeding: a retrospective multicenter observational study

References

• Moller S, Hansen EF, Becker U, et al. Central and systemic haemodynamic effects of terlipressin in portal hypertensive patients. Liver. 2000;20:51–59.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• de Franchis R. Expanding consensus in portal hypertension: report of the baveno VI consensus workshop: stratifying risk and individualizing care for portal hypertension. J Hepatol. 2015;63:743–752.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• EASL Clinical Practice. Guidelines for the management of patients with decompensated cirrhosis. J Hepatol. 2018;69:406–460.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garcia-Tsao G, Abraldes JG, Berzigotti A, et al. Portal hypertensive bleeding in cirrhosis: risk stratification, diagnosis, and management: 2016 practice guidance by the American association for the study of liver diseases. Hepatology. 2017;65:310–335.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tripathi D, Stanley AJ, Hayes PC, et al. U.K. guidelines on the management of variceal haemorrhage in cirrhotic patients. Gut. 2015;64:1680–1704.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhou X, Tripathi D, Song T, et al. Terlipressin for the treatment of acute variceal bleeding: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Medicine (Baltimore). 2018;97:e13437.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Angeli P, Gines P, Wong F, et al. Diagnosis and management of acute kidney injury in patients with cirrhosis: revised consensus recommendations of the international club of ascites. J Hepatol. 2015;62:968–974.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang J, Rossle M, Zhou X, et al. Terlipressin for the treatment of hepatorenal syndrome: an overview of current evidence. Curr Med Res Opin. 2019;35:859–868.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krag A, Bendtsen F, Pedersen EB, et al. Effects of terlipressin on the aquaretic system: evidence of antidiuretic effects. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2008;295:F1295–300.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krag A, Hobolth L, Moller S, et al. Hyponatraemia during terlipressin therapy. Gut. 2010;59:417–418.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bruha R, Marecek Z, Prochazka V, et al. Double-blind randomized multicenter study comparing the efficacy and safety of 10-day to 5-day terlipressin treatment of bleeding esophageal varices. Hepatogastroenterology. 2009;56:390–394.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Krag A, Moller S, Bendtsen F. Hyponatremia in patients treated with terlipressin: mechanisms and implications for clinical practice. Hepatology. 2011;53:368–369.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sola E, Lens S, Guevara M, et al. Hyponatremia in patients treated with terlipressin for severe gastrointestinal bleeding due to portal hypertension. Hepatology. 2010;52:1783–1790.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kang YJ, Bae EJ, Hwang K, et al. Initial serum sodium concentration determines the decrease in sodium level after terlipressin administration in patients with liver cirrhosis. Springerplus. 2013;2:519.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yim SY, Seo YS, Jung CH, et al. Risk factors for developing hyponatremia during terlipressin treatment: a retrospective analyses in variceal bleeding. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2015;49:607–612.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peng Y, Qi X, Dai J, et al. Child-Pugh versus MELD score for predicting the in-hospital mortality of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding in liver cirrhosis. Int J Clin Exp Med. 2015;8:751–757.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spasovski G, Vanholder R, Allolio B, et al. Clinical practice guideline on diagnosis and treatment of hyponatraemia. Intensive Care Med. 2014;40:320–331.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seo YS, Park SY, Kim MY, et al. Lack of difference among terlipressin, somatostatin, and octreotide in the control of acute gastroesophageal variceal hemorrhage. Hepatology. 2014;60:954–963.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feu F, Ruiz Del Arbol L, Banares R, et al. Double-blind randomized controlled trial comparing terlipressin and somatostatin for acute variceal hemorrhage. Variceal bleeding study group. Gastroenterology. 1996;111:1291–1299.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Escorsell A, Ruiz Del Arbol L, Planas R, et al. Multicenter randomized controlled trial of terlipressin versus sclerotherapy in the treatment of acute variceal bleeding: the TEST study. Hepatology. 2000;32:471–476.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim SE, Jung DM, Park JW, et al. Baseline renal function predicts hyponatremia in liver cirrhosis patients treated with terlipressin for variceal bleeding. Gastroenterol Res Pract. 2017;2017:7610374.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Biggins SW, Rodriguez HJ, Bacchetti P, et al. Serum sodium predicts mortality in patients listed for liver transplantation. Hepatology. 2005;41:32–39.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moini M, Hoseini-Asl MK, Taghavi SA, et al. Hyponatremia a valuable predictor of early mortality in patients with cirrhosis listed for liver transplantation. Clin Transplant. 2011;25:638–645.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim WR, Biggins SW, Kremers WK, et al. Hyponatremia and mortality among patients on the liver-transplant waiting list. N Engl J Med. 2008;359:1018–1026.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Porcel A, Diaz F, Rendon P, et al. Dilutional hyponatremia in patients with cirrhosis and ascites. Arch Intern Med. 2002;162:323–328.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Serste T, Gustot T, Rautou PE, et al. Severe hyponatremia is a better predictor of mortality than MELDNa in patients with cirrhosis and refractory ascites. J Hepatol. 2012;57:274–280.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eriksen PL, Hartkopf-Mikkelsen AL, Ott P, et al. Terlipressin for variceal bleeding induces large plasma sodium fluctuations in patients without cirrhosis. United European Gastroenterol J. 2018;6:1199–1205.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar