4,875
Views
3
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Editorial

What are the challenges faced by COVID-19 vaccines?

ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon
Pages 5-7 | Received 30 May 2021, Accepted 16 Nov 2021, Published online: 26 Nov 2021

References

  • Sadarangani M, Marchant A, Kollmann TR. Immunological mechanisms of vaccine-induced protection against COVID-19 in humans. Nat Rev Immunol. 2021;21(8):475–484.
  • Polack FP, Thomas SJ, Kitchin N, et al. Safety and efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 vaccine. N Engl J Med. 2020;383(27):2603–2615.
  • Widge AT, Rouphael NG, Jackson LA, et al. Durability of responses after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-1273 vaccination. N Engl J Med. 2021;384(1):80–82.
  • Baden LR, El Sahly HM, Essink B, et al. Efficacy and safety of the mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. N Engl J Med. 2021;384(5):403–416.
  • King C, Sprent J. Dual nature of type I interferons in SARS-CoV-2-induced inflammation. Trends Immunol. 2021;42(4):312–322.
  • Chen RE, Zhang X, Case JB, et al. Resistance of SARS-CoV-2 variants to neutralization by monoclonal and serum-derived polyclonal antibodies. Nat Med. 2021;27(4):717–726.
  • Abdalla M, El-Arabey AA, and Jiang X. Are the new SARS-CoV-2 variants resistant against the vaccine? Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2021;17:3489–3490.
  • Abdalla M, El-Arabey AA, and Jiang X. Progress in research on the S protein as the target of COVID-19 vaccines. Expert Rev Vaccines. 2021;20:769–772.
  • Trougakos IP, Terpos E, Zirou C, et al. Comparative kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 anti-spike protein RBD IgGs and neutralizing antibodies in convalescent and naïve recipients of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine versus COVID-19 patients. BMC Med. 2021;19(1):208.
  • Bergamaschi C, Terpos E, Rosati M, et al. Systemic IL-15, IFN-γ, and IP-10/CXCL10 signature associated with effective immune response to SARS-CoV-2 in BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine recipients. Cell Rep. 2021;36(6):109504.
  • Terpos E, Trougakos IP, Apostolakou F, et al. Age-dependent and gender-dependent antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 in health workers and octogenarians after vaccin ation with the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine. Am J Hematol. 2021;96(7):E257–e259.
  • Terpos E, Trougakos IP, Karalis V, et al. Comparison of neutralizing antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 in healthy volunteers who received the BNT162b2 mRNA or the AZD1222 vaccine: should the second AZD1222 vaccine dose be given earlier? Am J Hematol. 2021;96(9):E321–e324.
  • Terpos E, Gavria topoulou M, Ntanasis-Stathopoulos I, et al. The neutra lizing antibody response post COVID-19 vacc ination in patients with myeloma is highly dependent on the type of anti-myeloma tre atment. Blood Cancer J. 2021;11(8):138.
  • Paik DH, Farber DL. Anti-viral protective capacity of tissue resident memory T cells. Curr Opin Virol. 2021;46(20–26):20–26.
  • Mehta A, Michler T, Merkel OM. siRNA thera peutics against respir atory viral infecti ons-what have we learned for pot ential COVID-19 the rapies? Adv Healthc Mater. 2021;10(7):e2001650.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.