Adaptive humoral immune response and cellular immune status in cancer patients and patients under immunosuppression vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2

References

• Polack FP, Thomas SJ, Kitchin N, et al. Safety and efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 vaccine. N Engl J Med. 2020 Dec 31;383(27):2603–2615.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baden LR, El Sahly HM, Essink B, et al. Efficacy and safety of the mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. N Engl J Med. 2021 Feb 4;384(5):403–416.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramasamy MN, Minassian AM, Ewer KJ, et al. Safety and immunogenicity of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine administered in a prime-boost regimen in young and old adults (COV002): a single-blind, randomised, controlled, phase 2/3 trial. Lancet. 2020 Dec 19;396(10267):1979–1993.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vitiello A, Ferrara F, Troiano V, et al. COVID-19 vaccines and decreased transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Inflammopharmacology. 2021 Oct 1;29(5):1357–1360.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vijenthira A, Gong IY, Fox TA, et al. Outcomes of patients with hematologic malignancies and COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 3377 patients. Blood. 2020 Dec 17;136(25):2881–2892.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choi WY. Mortality rate of patients with COVID-19 based on underlying health conditions. Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2021;1–6. DOI:10.1017/dmp.2021.139
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malard F, Gaugler B, Gozlan J, et al. Weak immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in patients with hematologic malignancies. Blood Cancer J. 2021 118 Aug 10;11(8):1–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maneikis K, Šablauskas K, Ringelevičiūtė U, et al. Immunogenicity of the BNT162b2 COVID-19 mRNA vaccine and early clinical outcomes in patients with haematological malignancies in Lithuania: a national prospective cohort study. Lancet Haematol. 2021 Aug 1;8(8):e583.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Giannakoulis VG, Papoutsi E, Siempos II. Effect of cancer on clinical outcomes of patients with COVID-19: a meta-analysis of patient data. JCO Glob Oncol. 2020 Nov;6(6):799–808.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mandal A, Singh P, Samaddar A, et al. Vaccination of cancer patients against COVID-19: towards the end of a dilemma. Med Oncol. 2021 Aug 1;38(8). DOI:10.1007/s12032-021-01540-8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Collier A-RY, Yu J, Mcmahan K, et al. Coronavirus Disease 2019 Messenger RNA Vaccine Immunogenicity in Immunosuppressed Individuals. J Infect Dis. 2022;225(7):1124–1128 doi:10.1093/infdis/jiab569.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arnold J, Winthrop K, Emery P. COVID-19 vaccination and antirheumatic therapy. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2021 Aug 2;60(8):3496–3502.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Medeiros-Ribeiro AC, Aikawa NE, Saad CGS, et al. Immunogenicity and safety of the CoronaVac inactivated vaccine in patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases: a phase 4 trial. Nat Med. 2021 Oct 1;27(10):1744–1751.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bergman P, Blennow O, Hansson L, et al. Safety and efficacy of the mRNA BNT162b2 vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 in five groups of immunocompromised patients and healthy controls in a prospective open-label clinical trial. EBioMedicine. 2021 Dec 1;74:103705.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prendecki M, Clarke C, Edwards H, et al. Humoral and T-cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in patients receiving immunosuppression. Ann Rheum Dis. 2021 Oct 1;80(10):1322–1329.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ram R, Hagin D, Kikozashvilli N, et al. Safety and Immunogenicity of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in patients after allogeneic HCT or CD19-based CART therapy—A single-center prospective cohort study. Transplant Cell Ther. 2021 Sep 1;27(9):788–794.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mitchell C, Crayne CB, Cron RQ. Patterns of B cell repletion following rituximab therapy in a pediatric rheumatology cohort. ACR Open Rheumatol. 2019 Oct 1;1(8):527–532.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kos I, Balensiefer B, Roth S, et al. Prolonged course of COVID-19-associated pneumonia in a B-Cell depleted patient after rituximab. Front Oncol. 2020 Sep 2;10:1578.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kos I, Balensiefer B, Lesan V, et al. Increased B-cell activity with consumption of activated monocytes in severe COVID-19 patients. Eur J Immunol. 2021 Jun 1;51(6):1449–1460.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bagacean C, Letestu R, Al-Nawakil C, et al. Humoral response to mRNA anti-COVID-19 vaccines BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood Adv. 2021 Nov 29;138:637.
   Google Scholar
• Petzer V, Steiner N, Angelova-Unterberger O, et al. Serologic responses to COVID-19 vaccines in hematological patients are predominantly impaired in lymphoid but not in myeloid malignancies. HemaSphere. 2022 Mar 15;6(3):E686.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mair MJ, Berger JM, Berghoff AS, et al. Humoral immune response in hematooncological patients and health care workers who received SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations. JAMA Oncol. 2022 Jan 1;8(1):106–113.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chumsri S, Advani PP, Pai TS, et al. Humoral responses after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination and breakthrough infection in cancer patients. Mayo Clin Proc Innov Qual Outcomes. 2022 Apr;6(2):120–125.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Marasco V, Carniti C, Guidetti A, et al. T‐cell immune response after mRNA SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccines is frequently detected also in the absence of seroconversion in patients with lymphoid malignancies. Br J Haematol. 2022 Feb 1;196(3):548–558.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fendler A, de Vries EGE, GeurtsvanKessel CH, et al. COVID-19 vaccines in patients with cancer: immunogenicity, efficacy and safety. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2022;19:385–401.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zeiser R, Socié G. The development of ruxolitinib for glucocorticoid-refractory acute graft-versus-host disease. Blood Adv. 2020 Aug 11;4(15):3789.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heine A, Held SAE, Daecke SN, et al. The JAK-inhibitor ruxolitinib impairs dendritic cell function in vitro and in vivo. Blood. 2013 Aug 15;122(7):1192–1202.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carniti C, Gimondi S, Vendramin A, et al. Pharmacologic inhibition of JAK1/JAK2 signaling reduces experimental murine acute GVHD while preserving GVT effects. Clin Cancer Res. 2015 Aug 15;21(16):3740–3749.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dhakal B, Abedin S, Fenske T, et al. Response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in patients after hematopoietic cell transplantation and CAR T-cell therapy. Blood. 2021 Oct 7;138(14):1278–1281.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Caocci G, Mulas O, Mantovani D, et al. Ruxolitinib does not impair humoral immune response to COVID-19 vaccination with BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in patients with myelofibrosis. Ann Hematol. 2021;1:1.
   Google Scholar
• Kaddu-Mulindwa D, Keuser L, Lesan V, et al. IgG seroprevalence of COVID-19 among people living with HIV or at high risk of HIV in south-west Germany: a seroprevalence study. HIV Med. 2022;23(5):564–569. doi:10.1111/hiv.13207.
   Google Scholar
• Kamar N, Abravanel F, Marion O, et al. Three doses of an mRNA Covid-19 vaccine in solid-organ transplant recipients. N Engl J Med. 2021 Aug 12; 385(7):661–662.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Naranbhai V, Pernat CA, Gavralidis A, et al. Immunogenicity and reactogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in patients with cancer: the CANVAX cohort study. J Clin Oncol. 2022;40(1): ;12–23. doi:10.1200/JCO.21.01891.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chu DK, Akl EA, Duda S, et al. Physical distancing, face masks, and eye protection to prevent person-to-person transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet. 2020;395(10242):1973–1987.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar