Athletics

References

• Ae , M. and Fujii , N. 1996 . Effectiveness of mechanical energy utilization and its index in human movement . Bulletin of Institute of Health and Sport Science, the University of Tsukuba , 19 : 127 – 137 .
   Google Scholar
• Ae , M. , Miyashita , K. and Yokoi , T. 1988 . “ Mechanical energy flows in lower limb segments during sprinting ” . In Biomechanics XI‐B , Edited by: de Groot , G. , Hollander , A. P. , Huijing , P. A. and van Ingen Schenau , G. J. 614 – 618 . Amsterdam : Free University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Ae , M. , Tang , H. P. and Yokoi , T. 1992 . “ Estimation of inertia properties of the body segment in Japanese athletes ” . In Biomechanisms 11: Form, Motion, and Function in Humans , Edited by: The Society of Biomechanisms . 33 Tokyo : University of Tokyo Press .
   Google Scholar
• Cairns , M. A. , Burdett , R. G. , Pisciotta , J. C. and Simon , S. R. 1986 . A bio‐mechanical analysis of race walking gait . Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise , 18 : 446 – 453 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Czerniecki , J. M. , Gitter , A. J. and Beck , J. C. 1996 . Energy transfer mechanisms as a compensatory strategy in below knee amputee runners . Journal of Biomechanics , 29 : 717 – 722 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoga , K. , Ae , M. , Enomoto , Y. and Fujii , N. 2003 . Mechanical energy flow in the recovery leg for elite race walkers . Sports Biomechanics , 2 : 1 – 13 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mann , R. and Sprague , P. 1980 . A kinetic analysis of the ground leg during sprint running . Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport , 51 : 334 – 348 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robertson , D. G. E. and Winter , D. A. 1980 . Mechanical energy generation, absorption and transfer amongst segments during walking . Journal of Biomechanics , 13 : 845 – 854 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wells , R. P. and Winter , D. A. 1980 . Assessment of signal and noise in the kinematics of normal, pathological and sporting gaits . Human Locomotion , 1 : 92 – 93 .
   Google Scholar
• White , S. C. and Winter , D. A. 1985 . Mechanical power analysis of the lower limb musculature in race walking . International Journal of Sport Biomechanics , 1 : 15 – 24 .
   Google Scholar
• Williams , K. R. and Cavanagh , P. R. 1983 . A model for the calculation of mechanical power during distance running . Journal of Biomechanics , 16 : 115 – 128 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williams , K. R. and Cavanagh , P. R. 1987 . Relationship between distance running mechanics, running economy, and performance . Journal of Applied Physiology , 63 : 1236 – 1245 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Winter , D. A. 1990 . Biomechanics and Motor Control of Human Movement , 103 – 139 . New York : John Wiley .
   Google Scholar
• Winter , D. A. and Robertson , D. G. E. 1978 . Joint torque and energy patterns in normal gait . Biological Cybernetics , 29 : 137 – 142 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Winter , D. A. , Quanbury , A. O. and Reimer , G. D. 1976 . “ Instantaneous energy and power flow in normal human gait ” . In Biomechanics V‐A , Edited by: Komi , P. V. 334 – 340 . Baltimore : University Park Press .
   Google Scholar