Angular velocity around the longitudinal axis in combination with head movements of springboard divers during twisted somersaults

References

• Barreto, J., Casanova, F., Peixoto, C., Fawver, B., & Williams, M. (2021). How task constraints influence the gaze and motor behaviours of elite-level gymnasts. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(13). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18136941
   Google Scholar
• Barris, S., Davids, K., & Farrow, D. (2013). Representative learning design in springboard diving: Is dry-land training representative of a pool dive? European Journal of Sport Science, 13(6), 638–645. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2013.770923
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brams, S., Ziv, G., Levin, O., Spitz, J., Wagemans, J., Mark Williams, A., & Helsen, W. F. (2019). The relationship between gaze behavior, expertise, and performance: A systematic review. Psychological Bulletin, 145(10), 980–1027. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000207
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (Vol. 2nd). Erlbaum. https://doi.org/10.2307/2529115
   Google Scholar
• Davlin, C. D., Sands, W. A., & Shultz, B. B. (2004). Do gymnasts “spot” during a back tuck somersault. International Sports Journal, 8(2), 72–79. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540250600667892
   Google Scholar
• Dullin, H. R., & Tong, W. (2016). Twisting somersault. SIAM Journal on Applied Dynamical Systems, 15(4), 1806–1822. https://doi.org/10.1137/15M1055097
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fédération Internationale de Natation. (2017). Fina diving rules 2017–2021.
   Google Scholar
• Fetter, M. (2007). Vestibulo-ocular reflex. Developments in Ophthalmology, 40, 35–51. https://doi.org/10.1159/0000100348
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hamill, J., Ricard, M. D., & Golden, D. M. (1986). Angular momentum in multiple rotation nontwisting platform dives. International Journal of Sport Biomechanics, 2(2), 78–87. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsb.2.2.78
   Google Scholar
• Hartman, J. (2019). Estimated marginal (predicted) means from generalized linear mixed effect models in Matlab.
   Google Scholar
• Heinen, T., Supej, M., & Čuk, I. (2017). Performing a forward dive with 5.5 somersaults in platform diving: Simulation of different technique variations. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 27(10), 1081–1089. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.12728
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heinen, T., Velentzas, K., & Vinken, P. M. (2012). Functional relationships between gaze behavior and movement kinematics when performing high bar dismounts - An exploratory study. Human Movement, 13(3), 218–224. https://doi.org/10.2478/v10038-012-0025-2
   Google Scholar
• Heinen, T. (2011). Evidence for the spotting hypothesis in gymnasts. Motor Control, 15(2), 267–284. https://doi.org/10.1123/mcj.15.2.267
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holm, S. (1979). A simple sequentially rejective multiple test procedure. Scandinavian Journal of Statistics, 6(2), 65–70.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hondzinski, J. M., & Darling, W. G. (2001). Aerial somersault performance under three visual conditions. Motor Control, 5(3), 281–300. https://doi.org/10.1123/mcj.5.3.281
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huber, J. (2016). Springboard and platform diving. Human Kinetics.
   Google Scholar
• King, M. A., Kong, P. W., & Yeadon, M. R. (2019). Maximising forward somersault rotation in springboard diving. Journal of Biomechanics, 85, 157–163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2019.01.033
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luis, M., & Tremblay, L. (2008). Visual feedback use during a back tuck somersault: Evidence for optimal visual feedback utilization. Motor Control, 12(3), 210–218. https://doi.org/10.1123/mcj.12.3.210
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marinšek, M. (2010). Basic landing characteristics and their application in artistic gymnastics. Science of Gymnastics Journal, 2(2), 59–67.
   Google Scholar
• Mikl, J., & Rye, D. C. (2016). Twist within a somersault. Human Movement Science, 45, 23–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2015.11.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller, D. I., & Sprigings, E. J. (2001). Factors influencing the performance of springboard dives of increasing difficulty. Journal of Applied Biomechanics, 17(3), 217–231. https://doi.org/10.1123/jab.17.3.217
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller, D. I. (2000). Springboard and Platform Diving. In V. M. Zatsiorsky (Ed.), Biomechanics in sport. Performance enhancement and injury prevention (pp. 326–348). Blackwell Science Ltd.
   Google Scholar
• Minganti, C., Capranica, L., Meeusen, R., & Piacentini, M. F. (2011). The use of session-RPE method for quantifying training load in diving. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 6(3), 408–418. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.6.3.408
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Natrup, J., Bramme, J., de Lussanet, M. H. E., Boström, K. J., Lappe, M., & Wagner, H. (2020). Gaze behavior of trampoline gymnasts during a back tuck somersault. Human Movement Science, 70, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2020.102589
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Natrup, J., de Lussanet, M. H. E., Boström, K. J., Lappe, M., & Wagner, H. (2021). Gaze, head and eye movements during somersaults with full twists. Human Movement Science, 102740, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2020.102740
   Google Scholar
• Pulaski, P. D., Zee, D. S., & Robinson, D. A. (1981). The behavior of the vestibulo-ocular reflex at high velocities of head rotation. Brain Research, 222(1), 159–165. https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-8993(81)90952-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qian, J., Zhang, S., & Jin, H. (2010). Computer simulation of “splash control” and research of the rip entry technique in competitive diving. International Journal of Sports Science and Engineering, 04(3), 165–173.
   Google Scholar
• Raab, M., de Oliveira, R. F., & Heinen, T. (2009). How do people perceive and generate options? Progress in Brain Research, 174(9), 49–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-6123(09)01305-3
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Roy, F. D., & Tomlinson, R. D. (2004). Characterization of the vestibulo-ocular reflex evoked by high-velocity movements. Laryngoscope, 114(7), 1190–1193. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005537-200407000-00011
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rubin, B. D. (1999). The basics of competitive diving and its injuries. Clinics in Sports Medicine, 18(2), 293–303. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0278-5919(05)70145-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sanders, R. H., & Wilson, B. D. (1987). Angular momentum requirements of the twisting and nontwisting forward 1 1/2 somersault dive. International Journal of Sport Biomechanics, 3(1), 47–62. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsb.3.1.47
   Google Scholar
• Sanders, R. H. (1999). Timing in the forward one and one half somersault with one twist 3m springboard dive. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 2(1), 57–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1440-2440(99)80184-4
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sato, Y., Torii, S., & Sasaki, M. (2015). Relationship between initiation of gaze stabilisation and angle of head and trunk movement during a jump with full turn. Proceedings of the 3rd International Congress on Sport Sciences Research and Technology Support, (ic-SPORTS), Lisbon, Portugal, 165–168. https://doi.org/10.5220/0005636401650168
   Google Scholar
• Sato, Y., Torii, S., Sasaki, M., & Heinen, T. (2017). Gaze-shift patterns during a jump with full turn in male gymnasts. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 124(1), 248–263. https://doi.org/10.1177/0031512516676148
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sinclair, P. J., Walker, C. A., & Cobley, S. (2014). Variability and the control of rotation during springboard diving. International Conference of Biomechanics in Sports, 32, 357–360.
   Google Scholar
• Tong, W., & Dullin, H. R. (2017). A new twisting somersault: 513XD. Journal of Nonlinear Science, 27(6), 2037–2061. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00332-017-9403-4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Von Laßberg, C., Beykirch, K. A., Mohler, B. J., & Bülthoff, H. H. (2014). Intersegmental eye-head-body interactions during complex whole body movements. PLoS ONE, 9(4), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0095450
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Von Laßberg, C., Campos, J. L., & Beykirch, K. A. (2020). Long term measures of vestibulo-ocular reflex function in high level male gymnasts and its possible role during context specific rotational tasks. PLoS ONE, 15(12 December), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0243752
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Von Laßberg, C. (2007). Okulomotorische Orientierungsregulation bei multiaxialen Ganzkörperrotationen (1st ed.). Sportverlag Strauß.
   Google Scholar
• Walker, C. A., Sinclair, P. J., & Cobley, S. (2015). A kinematic analysis of the backward 2.5 somersaults with 1.5 twists dive (5253B) from the 3m springboard. 33rd International Conference on Biomechanics in Sports, Poitiers, France, 739–742.
   Google Scholar
• Walker, C., Sinclair, P., Graham, K., & Cobley, S. (2017). The validation and application of Inertial Measurement Units to springboard diving. Sports Biomechanics, 16(4), 485–500. https://doi.org/10.1080/14763141.2016.1246596
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walker, C., Warmenhoven, J., Sinclair, P. J., & Cobley, S. (2019). The application of inertial measurement units and functional principal component analysis to evaluate movement in the forward 3½ pike somersault springboard dive. Sports Biomechanics, 18(2), 146–162. https://doi.org/10.1080/14763141.2019.1574887
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yeadon, M. R., & Hiley, M. J. (2018). The limits of aerial techniques for producing twist in forward 1½ somersault dives. Human Movement Science, 58(1968), 97–107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2018.01.009
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yeadon, M. R. (1993a). The biomechanics of twisting somersaults. Part II: Contact twist. Journal of Sports Sciences, 11(3), 199–208. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640419308729986
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yeadon, M. R. (1993b). The biomechanics of twisting somersaults. Part III: Aerial twist. Journal of Sports Sciences, 11(3), 209–218. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640419308729986
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yeadon, M. R. (1993c). Twisting techniques used by competitive divers. Journal of Sports Sciences, 11(4), 337–342. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640419308730003
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yeadon, M. R. (1997). The biomechanics of the human in flight. American Journal of Sports Medicine, 25(4), 575–580. https://doi.org/10.1177/036354659702500423
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yeadon, M. R. (2001). Twisting. In D. I. Miller (Ed.), Biomechanics of competitive diving (pp. 217–236). United States Diving.
   Google Scholar
• Zhang, S., Xiang, W., & Zou, G. (2021). Research on body type correction of FINA diving difficulty coefficient based on rigid body system. Complexity, 1–11.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar