160
Views
24
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original

Trends in the rate of shoulder dystocia over two decades

, MD, , , , , & show all
Pages 305-310 | Received 24 May 2005, Accepted 16 Aug 2005, Published online: 07 Jul 2009

References

  • Gabbe S, Niebyl J R, Simpson J L. Obstetrics: Normal and problem pregnancies. WB Saunders, Orlando, FL 2002; 493–501
  • Spong C Y, Beall M, Rodrigues D, Ross M G. An objective definition of shoulder dystocia: Prolonged head-to-body delivery intervals and/or the use of ancillary obstetric maneuvers. Obstet Gynecol 1995; 86: 433–436
  • Gherman R B, Ouzounian J G, Goodwin T M. Obstetric maneuvers for shoulder dystocia and associated fetal morbidity. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1998; 178: 1126–1130
  • Gherman R B, Ouzounian J G, Incerpi M H, Goodwin T M. Symphyseal separation and transient femoral neuropathy associated with the McRoberts' maneuver. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1998; 178: 609–610
  • Schramm M. Impacted shoulders: A personal experience. Aust NZ J Obstet Gynaecol 1983; 23: 28–31
  • Nocon J J, McKenzie D K, Thomas L J, Hansell R S. Shoulder dystocia: An analysis of risks and obstetric maneuvers. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1993; 168: 1732–1739
  • Langer O, Berkus M D, Huff R W, Samueloff A. Shoulder dystocia: Should the fetus weighing greater than or equal to 4000 g be delivered by cesarean section?. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1991; 165: 831
  • Dildy G A, Clark S l. Shoulder dystocia: Risk identification. Clin Obstet Gynecol 2000; 43: 265
  • Bofill J A, Rust O A, Devidas M, Roberts W E, Morrison J C, Martin Jr J N. Shoulder dystocia and operative vaginal deliveries. J Matern Fetal Med 1997; 6: 220–224
  • Ananth C V, Wen S W. Trends in fetal growth among singleton gestations in the United States and Canada, 1985 through 1998. Semin Perinat 2002; 26: 260–267

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.