Neonatal group B streptococcal disease: Incidence, presentation, and mortality

References

• Baker C J, Barrett F F, Gordon R C, Yow M D. Suppurative meningitis due to streptococci of Lancefield group B: A study of 33 infants. J Pediatr 1973; 82: 724–729
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Franciosi R A, Knostman J D, Zimmerman R A. Group B streptococcal neonatal and infant infections. J Pediatr 1973; 82: 707–718
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCracken G H, Jr. Group B streptococci: The new challenge in neonatal infections. J Pediatr 1973; 82: 703–706
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• , et al. Prevention of perinatal group B streptococcal disease: A public health perspective. MMWR Recomm Rep 1996; 45: 1–24
   Google Scholar
• Schrag S, Gorwitz R, Fultz-Butts K, Schuchat A. Prevention of perinatal group B streptococcal disease. Revised guidelines from CDC. MMWR Recomm Rep 2002; 51: 1–22
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• , et al. Diminishing racial disparities in early-onset neonatal group B streptococcal disease—United States, 2000–2003. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2004; 53: 502–505
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Schrag S J, Zywicki S, Farley M M, Reingold A L, Harrison L H, Lefkowitz L B, Hadler J L, Danila R, Cieslak P R, Schuchat A. Group B streptococcal disease in the era of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis. N Engl J Med 2000; 342: 15–20
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• , et al. Early-onset and late-onset neonatal group B streptococcal disease–United States, 1996–2004. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2005; 54: 1205–1208
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Heath P T, Balfour G, Weisner A M, Efstratiou A, Lamagni T L, Tighe H, O'Connell La, Cafferkey M, Verlander N Q, Nicoll A, et al. Group B streptococcal disease in UK and Irish infants younger than 90 days. Lancet 2004; 363: 292–294
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luck S, Torny M, d'Agapeyeff K, Pitt A, Heath P, Breathnach A, Russell A B. Estimated early-onset group B streptococcal neonatal disease. Lancet 2003; 361: 1953–1954
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schuchat A, Wenger J D. Epidemiology of group B streptococcal disease. Risk factors, prevention strategies, and vaccine development. Epidemiol Rev 1994; 16: 374–402
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zangwill K M, Schuchat A, Wenger J D. Group B streptococcal disease in the United States, 1990: Report from a multistate active surveillance system. MMWR CDC Surveill Summ 1992; 41: 25–32
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Schuchat A. Epidemiology of group B streptococcal disease in the United States: Shifting paradigms. Clin Microbiol Rev 1998; 11: 497–513
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dillon H C, Jr, Khare S, Gray B M. Group B streptococcal carriage and disease: A 6-year prospective study. J Pediatr 1987; 110: 31–36
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Puopolo K M, Madoff L C, Eichenwald E C. Early-onset group B streptococcal disease in the era of maternal screening. Pediatrics 2005; 115: 1240–1246
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adair C E, Kowalsky L, Quon H, Ma D, Stoffman J, McGeer A, Robertson S, Mucenski M, Davies H D. Risk factors for early-onset group B streptococcal disease in neonates: A population-based case–control study. CMAJ 2003; 169: 198–203
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baker C J, Edwards M S, Kasper D L. Role of antibody to native type III polysaccharide of group B Streptococcus in infant infection. Pediatrics 1981; 68: 544–549
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benitz W E, Gould J B, Druzin M L. Risk factors for early-onset group B streptococcal sepsis: Estimation of odds ratios by critical literature review. Pediatrics 1999; 103: e77
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Faxelius G, Bremme K, Kvist-Christensen K, Christensen P, Ringertz S. Neonatal septicemia due to group B streptococci—perinatal risk factors and outcome of subsequent pregnancies. J Perinat Med 1988; 16: 423–430
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lieu T A, Mohle-Boetani J C, Ray G T, Ackerson L M, Walton D L. Neonatal group B streptococcal infection in a managed care population. Perinatal Group B Streptococcal Infection Study Group. Obstet Gynecol 1998; 92: 21–27
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anthony B F, Okada D M, Hobel C J. Epidemiology of the group B streptococcus: Maternal and nosocomial sources for infant acquisitions. J Pediatr 1979; 95: 431–436
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trager J D, Martin J M, Barbadora K, Green M, Wald E R. Probable community acquisition of group B Streptococcus in an infant with late-onset disease: Demonstration using field inversion gel electrophoresis. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1996; 150: 766–768
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bromberger P, Lawrence J M, Braun D, Saunders B, Contreras R, Petitti D B. The influence of intrapartum antibiotics on the clinical spectrum of early-onset group B streptococcal infection in term infants. Pediatrics 2000; 106: 244–250
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moses L M, Heath P T, Wilkinson A R, Jeffery H E, Isaacs D. Early onset group B streptococcal neonatal infection in Oxford 1985–96. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 1998; 79: F148–F149
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baker C J, Kasper D L. Correlation of maternal antibody deficiency with susceptibility to neonatal group B streptococcal infection. N Engl J Med 1976; 294: 753–756
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Payne N R, Burke B A, Day D L, Christenson P D, Thompson T R, Ferrieri P. Correlation of clinical and pathologic findings in early onset neonatal group B streptococcal infection with disease severity and prediction of outcome. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1988; 7: 836–847
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lin F Y, Weisman L E, Troendle J, Adams K. Prematurity is the major risk factor for late-onset group B streptococcus disease. J Infect Dis 2003; 188: 267–271
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar