Perinatal inflammation and childhood adiposity – a gender effect?

References

• WHO. Obesity and Overweight WHO fact sheet N°311 2015. updated January 2015; [cited 2015 April 2015]; WHO fact sheet Obesity and Overweight. Available from: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs311/en/
   Google Scholar
• Department of Health (Ireland). Growing Up in Ireland: National Longitudinal Study of Children. The Infants And Their Families - Infant CohortOther Relevant Documents. 2010. Available from: http://www.thehealthwell.info/node/773789 Accessed: 10th September 2018.
   Google Scholar
• Freedman DS, Khan LK, Serdula MK, et al. The relation of childhood BMI to adult adiposity: the Bogalusa Heart Study. Pediatrics. 2005;115:22–27.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barker DJ. The fetal and infant origins of adult disease. BMJ. 1990;301:1111.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Horan MK, McGowan CA, Gibney ER, et al. Maternal low glycaemic index diet, fat intake and postprandial glucose influences neonatal adiposity – secondary analysis from the ROLO study. Nutr J. 2014;13:78.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gabory A, Attig L, Junien C. Sexual dimorphism in environmental epigenetic programming. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2009;304:8–18.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Evans L, Myatt L. Sexual dimorphism in the effect of maternal obesity on antioxidant defense mechanisms in the human placenta. Placenta. 2017;51:64–69.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hotamisligil GS, Shargill NS, Spiegelman BM. Adipose expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha: direct role in obesity-linked insulin resistance. Science. 1993;259:87–91.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yudkin JS, Stehouwer CD, Emeis JJ, et al. C-reactive protein in healthy subjects: associations with obesity, insulin resistance, and endothelial dysfunction: a potential role for cytokines originating from adipose tissue? Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1999;19:972–978.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sacheck J. Pediatric obesity: an inflammatory condition? JPEN J Parenter Enter Nutr. 2008;32:633–637.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pantham P, Aye IL, Powell TL. Inflammation in maternal obesity and gestational diabetes mellitus. Placenta. 2015;36:709–715.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barja S, Acevedo M, Arnaiz P, et al. Early markers for atherosclerosis and metabolic syndrome in children. Rev Med Chil. 2009;137:522–530.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walsh JM, McGowan CA, Mahony R, et al. Low glycaemic index diet in pregnancy to prevent macrosomia (ROLO study): randomised control trial. BMJ. 2012;345:e5605.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Donnelly JM, Walsh JM, Byrne J, et al. Impact of maternal diet on neonatal anthropometry: a randomized controlled trial. Pediatr Obes. 2015;10:52–56.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bartram JL, Rigby AS, Baxter PS. The “lasso-o” tape: stretchability and observer variability in head circumference measurement. Arch Dis Child. 2005;90:820–821.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• United States Department of Health and Human Services. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. National Center for Health Statistics. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III, 1988-1994. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor], 1998-03-02. https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR02231.v1
   Google Scholar
• Brans YW, Sumners JE, Dweck HS, et al. A noninvasive approach to body composition in the neonate: dynamic skinfold measurements. Pediatr Res. 1974;8:215–222.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gillman MW, Rich-Edwards JW, Huh S, et al. Maternal corticotropin-releasing hormone levels during pregnancy and offspring adiposity. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2006;14:1647–1653.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Danielzik S, Czerwinski-Mast M, Langnäse K, et al. Parental overweight, socioeconomic status and high birth weight are the major determinants of overweight and obesity in 5–7 y-old children: baseline data of the Kiel Obesity Prevention Study (KOPS). Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2004;28:1494–1502.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hull HR, Dinger MK, Knehans AW, et al. Impact of maternal body mass index on neonate birthweight and body composition. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2008;198:416.e1–416.e6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fraser A, Tilling K, Macdonald-Wallis C, et al. Association of maternal weight gain in pregnancy with offspring obesity and metabolic and vascular traits in childhood. Circulation. 2010;121:2557–2564.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walsh JM, McGowan CA, Mahony RM, et al. Obstetric and metabolic implications of excessive gestational weight gain in pregnancy. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2014;22:1594–1600.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rodríguez G, Samper MP, Ventura P, et al. Gender differences in newborn subcutaneous fat distribution. Eur J Pediatr. 2004;163:457–461.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kirchgessner TG, Uysal KT, Wiesbrock SM, et al. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha contributes to obesity-related hyperleptinemia by regulating leptin release from adipocytes. J Clin Invest. 1997;100:2777–2782.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fontana L, Eagon JC, Trujillo ME, et al. Visceral fat adipokine secretion is associated with systemic inflammation in obese humans. Diabetes. 2007;56:1010–1013.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Ferranti S, Mozaffarian D. The perfect storm: obesity, adipocyte dysfunction, and metabolic consequences. Clin Chem. 2008;54:945–955.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chan WK, Goodman SG, Brieger D, et al. Clinical characteristics, management, and outcomes of acute coronary syndrome in patients with right bundle branch block on presentation. Am J Cardiol. 2016;117:754–759.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Señarís R, Garcia-Caballero T, Casabiell X, et al. Synthesis of leptin in human placenta. Endocrinol. 1997;138:4501–4504.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Linnemann K, Malek A, Sager R, et al. Leptin production and release in the dually in vitro perfused human placenta. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2000;85:4298–4301.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramsay JE, Ferrell WR, Crawford L, et al. Maternal obesity is associated with dysregulation of metabolic, vascular, and inflammatory pathways. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002;87:4231–4237.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eder K, Baffy N, Falus A, et al. The major inflammatory mediator interleukin-6 and obesity. Inflamm Res. 2009;58:727–736.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bulló M, García-Lorda P, Peinado-Onsurbe J, et al. TNFalpha expression of subcutaneous adipose tissue in obese and morbid obese females: relationship to adipocyte LPL activity and leptin synthesis. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2002;26:652–658.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trujillo ME, Sullivan S, Harten I, et al. Interleukin-6 regulates human adipose tissue lipid metabolism and leptin production in vitro. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004;89:5577–5582.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fields DA, Demerath EW. Relationship of insulin, glucose, leptin, IL-6 and TNF-alpha in human breast milk with infant growth and body composition. Pediatr Obes. 2012;7:304–312.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park HS, Park JY, Yu R. Relationship of obesity and visceral adiposity with serum concentrations of CRP, TNF-alpha and IL-6. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2005;69:29–35.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clifton VL. Sexually dimorphic effects of maternal asthma during pregnancy on placental glucocorticoid metabolism and fetal growth. Cell Tissue Res. 2005;322:63–71.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alabas OA, West RM, Gillott RG, et al. Evaluation of the Methods and Management of Acute Coronary Events (EMMACE)-3: protocol for a longitudinal study. BMJ Open. 2015;5:e006256.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar