Histologic chorioamnionitis in extremely preterm births, microbiological findings and infant outcome

References

• Stoll BJ, Hansen NI, Bell EF, for the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network, et al. Neonatal outcomes of extremely preterm infants from the NICHD neonatal research network. Pediatrics. 2010;126(3):443–456.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jain VG, Willis KA, Jobe A, et al. Chorioamnionitis and neonatal outcomes. Pediatr Res. 2022;91(2):289–296.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shatrov JG, Birch SCM, Lam LT, et al. Chorioamnionitis and cerebral palsy: a meta-analysis. Obstet Gynecol. 2010;116(2):387–392.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leviton A, Allred EN, Kuban KC, et al. Microbiologic and histologic characteristics of the extremely preterm infant’s placenta predict white matter damage and later cerebral palsy. The ELGAN study. Pediatr Res. 2010;67(1):95–101.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bayar E, Bennett PR, Chan D, et al. The pregnancy microbiome and preterm birth. Semin Immunopathol. 2020;42(4):487–499.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jung E, Romero R, Yeo L, et al. The fetal inflammatory response syndrome: the origins of a concept, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and obstetrical implications. Semin Fetal Neonat Med. 2020;25(4):101146.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chaemsaithong P, Romero R, Korzeniewski SJ, et al. A rapid interleukin-6 bedside test for the identification of intra-amniotic inflammation in preterm labor with intact membranes. J Matern Fetal Neonat Med. 2016;29(3):349–359.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim MA, Lee YS, Seo K. Assessment of predictive markers for placental inflammatory response in preterm births. PLOS One. 2014;9(10):e107880.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park S, You YA, Yun H, et al. Cervicovaginal fluid cytokines as predictive markers of preterm birth in symptomatic women. Obstet Gynecol Sci. 2020;63(4):455–463.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Budal EB, Ebbing C, Kessler J, et al. Placental histology predicted adverse outcomes in extremely premature neonates in Norway-population-based study. Acta Paediatr. 2022;111(3):546–553.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yli BM, Ellingsen L, Johansen LT, et al. Feber under fødsel og chorioamnionitt.: Norsk gynekologisk forening Veileder i fødselshjelp; 2020. ePub. Available from: https://www.legeforeningen.no/foreningsledd/fagmed/norsk-gynekologisk-forening/veiledere/veileder-i-fodselshjelp/feber-under-fodsel-og-chorioamnionitt/.
   Google Scholar
• Jobe AH, Bancalari E. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2001;163(7):1723–1729.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• The international classification of retinopathy of prematurity revisited. Arch Ophthalmol. 2005;123(7):991–999.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fenton TR, Kim JH. A systematic review and meta-analysis to revise the Fenton growth chart for preterm infants. BMC Pediatr. 2013;13:59.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khong TY, Mooney EE, Ariel I, et al. Sampling and definitions of placental lesions: amsterdam placental workshop group consensus statement. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2016;140(7):698–713.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Francis F, Bhat V, Mondal N, et al. Fetal inflammatory response syndrome (FIRS) and outcome of preterm neonates – a prospective analytical study. J Mater Fetal Neonat Med. 2019;32(3):488–492.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu Z, Tang Z, Li J, et al. Effects of placental inflammation on neonatal outcome in preterm infants. Pediatr Neonatol. 2014;55(1):35–40.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Biagioni EM, May LE, Broskey NT. The impact of advanced maternal age on pregnancy and offspring health: a mechanistic role for placental angiogenic growth mediators. Placenta. 2021;106:15–21.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Franceschi C, Bonafè M, Valensin S, et al. Inflamm-aging. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2000;908:244–254.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zavatta A, Parisi F, Mandò C, et al. Role of inflammaging on the reproductive function and pregnancy. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 2022;15:1–16.
   Google Scholar
• Attali E, Yogev Y. The impact of advanced maternal age on pregnancy outcome. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2021;70:2–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gaillard R, Rifas-Shiman SL, Perng W, et al. Maternal inflammation during pregnancy and childhood adiposity. Obesity. 2016;24(6):1320–1327.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barak M, Cohen A, Herschkowitz S. Total leukocyte and neutrophil count changes associated with antenatal betamethasone administration in premature infants. Acta Paediatr. 1992;81(10):760–763.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Asztalos EV, Murphy KE, Matthews SG. A growing dilemma: antenatal corticosteroids and long-term consequences. Am J Perinatol. 2022;39(6):592–600.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Paramel Jayaprakash T, Wagner EC, van Schalkwyk J, PPROM Study Group, et al. High diversity and variability in the vaginal microbiome in women following preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM): a prospective cohort study. PLOS One. 2016;11(11):e0166794.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Romero R, Hassan SS, Gajer P, et al. The vaginal microbiota of pregnant women who subsequently have spontaneous preterm labor and delivery and those with a normal delivery at term. Microbiome. 2014;2(1):18.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gerson KD, Liao J, McCarthy C, et al. A non-optimal cervicovaginal microbiota in pregnancy is associated with a distinct metabolomic signature among non-Hispanic black individuals. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):22794.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sullivan G, Galdi P, Borbye-Lorenzen N, et al. Preterm birth is associated with immune dysregulation which persists in infants exposed to histologic chorioamnionitis. Front Immunol. 2021;12:722489.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gerson KD, McCarthy C, Ravel J, et al. Effect of a nonoptimal cervicovaginal microbiota and psychosocial stress on recurrent spontaneous preterm birth. Am J Perinatol. 2021;38(5):407–413.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Elovitz MA, Gajer P, Riis V, et al. Cervicovaginal microbiota and local immune response modulate the risk of spontaneous preterm delivery. Nat Commun. 2019;10(1):1305.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bennett PR, Brown RG, MacIntyre DA. Vaginal microbiome in preterm rupture of membranes. Obstet Gynecol Clin North America. 2020;47(4):503–521.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jung E, Romero R, Yoon BH, et al. Bacteria in the amniotic fluid without inflammation: early colonization vs. contamination. J Perinat Med. 2021;49(9):1103–1121.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shim SS, Romero R, Hong JS, et al. Clinical significance of intra-amniotic inflammation in patients with preterm premature rupture of membranes. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2004;191(4):1339–1345.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kvalvik SA, Rasmussen S, Thornhill HF, et al. Risk factors for surgical site infection following cesarean delivery: a hospital-based case-control study. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2021;100(12):2167–2175.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fleiss N, Tarun S, Polin RA. Infection prevention for extremely low birth weight infants in the NICU. Semin Fetal Neonat Med. 2022;27(3):101345.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Humberg A, Fortmann I, Siller B, German Neonatal Network, German Center for Lung Research and Priming Immunity at the beginning of life (PRIMAL) Consortium, et al. Preterm birth and sustained inflammation: consequences for the neonate. Semin Immunopathol. 2020;42(4):451–468.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stinson LF, Payne MS. Infection-mediated preterm birth: bacterial origins and avenues for intervention. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2019;59(6):781–790.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salas AA, Faye-Petersen OM, Sims B, et al. Histological characteristics of the fetal inflammatory response associated with neurodevelopmental impairment and death in extremely preterm infants. J Pediatr. 2013;163(3):652–657.e1-2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar