The effects of native versus multicultural classes on teacher self-efficacy: a case study of Turkish instructors

References

• An, Y. 2018. “The Effects of an Online Professional Development Course on Teachers’ Perceptions, Attitudes, Self-Efficacy, and Behavioral Intentions Regarding Digital Game-Based Learning.” Educational Technology Research and Development 66: 1505–1527. doi:10.1007/s11423-018-9620-z.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Babaei, M., and A. Abednia. 2016. “Reflective Teaching and Self-Efficacy Beliefs: Exploring Relationships in the Context of Teaching EFL in Iran.” Australian Journal of Teacher Education 41 (9): 1–26.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bandura, A. 1997. Self-Efficacy: The Exercise of Control. New York: Freeman.
   Google Scholar
• Bümen, N. 2009. “Possible Effects of Professional Development on Turkish Teachers’ Self-Efficacy and Classroom Practice.” Professional Development in Education 35 (2): 261–278. doi:10.1080/13674580802568385.
   Google Scholar
• Chang, S., and C. Martínez-Roldán. 2018. “Multicultural Lessons Learned from a Chinese Bilingual After-School Program: Using Technology to Support Ethnolinguistic Children's Cultural Production.” Multicultural Education 25 (2): 36–41.
   Google Scholar
• Choi, E., and J. Lee. 2016. “Investigating the Relationship of Target Language Proficiency and Self-Efficacy among Nonnative EFL Teachers.” System 58: 49–63. doi:10.1016/j.system.2016.02.010.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Çocuk, H., D. Alıcı, and Ö Çakır. 2015. “The Development of Self-Efficacy Belief Scale in Turkish Language Teaching: A Reliability and Validity Study.” Ankara University, Journal of Faculty of Educational Sciences 48 (2): 1–18.
   Google Scholar
• Creswell, J. W. 1998. Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing among Five Traditions. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Eghtesadi, A., and A. Jeddi. 2019. “Teachers’ Critical Thinking and Self-Efficacy as Predictors of Their Pedagogical Success.” International Journal of Applied Linguistics & English Literature 8 (1): 62–70. doi:10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.8n.1p.62.
   Google Scholar
• Faughey, D. 2019. “Cosmopolitan Conversations in a Multicultural and Multilingual Classroom.” English Journal 109 (1): 74–81.
   Google Scholar
• Gay, G. 2010. Culturally Responsive Teaching: Theory, Research, and Practice. 2nd ed. New York: Teachers College Press.
   Google Scholar
• George, S., P. Richardson, and H. Watt. 2018. “Early Career Teachers’ Self-Efficacy: A Longitudinal Study from Australia.” Australian Journal of Education 36 (2): 217–233. doi:10.1177/0004944118779601.
   Google Scholar
• Göçer, A. 2008. “Teaching Strategies and Class Practices of the Teachers who Teach Turkish as a Foreign Language (A Qualitative Research).” Journal of Social Sciences 4 (4): 288–298.
   Google Scholar
• Granziera, H., and H. Perera. 2019. “Relations among Teachers’ Self-Efficacy Beliefs, Engagement, and Work Satisfaction: A Social Cognitive View.” Contemporary Educational Psychology 58: 75–84. doi:10.1016/j.cedpsych.2019.02.003.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Griva, E., and D. Chostelidou. 2017. “CLIL in Primary Education: Promoting Multicultural Citizenship Awareness in the Foreign Language Classroom.” Research Papers in Language Teaching and Learning 8 (2): 9–23.
   Google Scholar
• Guo, Y., C. M. Connor, Y. Yang, A. D. Roehring, and F. J. Morrison. 2012. “The Effects of Teacher Qualification, Teacher Self-Efficacy, and Classroom Practices on Fifth Graders’ Literacy Outcomes.” Elementary School Journal 113: 3–24. doi:10.1086/665816.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guskey, T. R., and P. D. Passaro. 1994. “Teacher Efficacy: A Study of Construct Dimensions.” American Educational Research Journal 31: 627–643.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoang, T. 2018. “Teacher Self-Efficacy Research in English as a Foreign Language Context: A Systematic Review.” Journal of Asia TEFL 15 (4): 976–990. doi:10.18823/asiatefl.2018.15.4.6.976.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hsieh, H., and S. Shannon. 2005. “Three Approaches to Qualitative Content Analysis.” Qualitative Health Research 15 (9): 1277–1288. doi:10.1177/1049732305276687.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karimvand, P. 2011. “The Nexus Between Iranian EFL Teachers’ Self-Efficacy, Teaching Experience and Gender.” English Language Teaching 4 (3): 171–183.
   Google Scholar
• Kaygısız, S., S. Anagun, and E. Karahan. 2018. “The Predictive Relationship Between Self-Efficacy Levels of English Teachers and Language Teaching Methods.” Eurasian Journal of Educational Research 78: 183–202.
   Google Scholar
• Khosravi, M., and M. Saidi. 2014. “Investigating the Possible Relationship Between Multiple ıntelligences and Self-Efficacy: The Case of Iranian EAP Instructors.” Electronic Journal of Foreign Language Teaching 11 (1): 90–97.
   Google Scholar
• Klassen, R. M., and V. M. C. Tze. 2014. “Teachers’ Self-Efficacy, Personality, and Teaching Effectiveness: A Meta-Analysis.” Educational Research Review 12: 59–76. doi:10.1016/j.edurev.2014.06.001.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Komori-Glatz, M. 2018. “‘Cool My Doubt is Erased’: Constructive Disagreement and Creating a Psychologically Safe Space in Multicultural Student Teamwork.” JELF 7 (2): 285–306. doi:10.1515/jelf-2018-0012.
   Google Scholar
• Kostić-Bobanović, M. 2020. “Perceived Emotional Intelligence and Self-Efficacy among Novice and Experienced Foreign Language Teachers.” Economic Research 33 (1): 1200–1213. doi:10.1080/1331677X.2019.1710232.
   Google Scholar
• Lew, M. M., and R. Nelson. 2016. “New Teachers’ Challenges: How Culturally Responsive Teaching, Classroom Management, & Assessment Literacy are Intertwined.” Multicultural Education 23 (3): 7–13.
   Google Scholar
• Li, H. 2018. “Multicultural Communication Competence and Education in Ethnic Minority Areas of Yunnan.” Theory and Practice in Language Studies 8 (5): 541–546. doi:10.17507/tpls.0805.13.
   Google Scholar
• Ludwikowska, K. 2017. “A Qualitative Study of Students’ Perception on Multicultural Competence of Academic Teachers in India.” Journal of Positive Management 8 (2): 29–42. doi:10.12775/JPM.2017.009.
   Google Scholar
• Mahadi, S., and S. Jafari. 2012. “Motivation, Its Types, and Its Impacts in Language Learning.” International Journal of Business and Social Science 3 (24): 230–235.
   Google Scholar
• Mahler, D., J. Großschedl, and U. Harms. 2018. “Does Motivation Matter? The Relationship Between Teachers’ Self-Efficacy and Enthusiasm and Students’ Performance.” PLoSONE 13 (11): 1–18. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0207252.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malo-Juvera, V., P. Correll, and S. Cantrell. 2018. “A Mixed Methods Investigation of Teachers’ Self-Efficacy for Culturally Responsive Instruction.” Teaching and Teacher Education 74: 146–156. doi:10.1016/j.tate.2018.05.003.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Merç, A. 2015. “Foreign Language Teaching Anxiety and Self-Efficacy Beliefs of Turkish Pre-Service EFL Teachers.” International Journal of Research in Teacher Education 6 (3): 40–58.
   Google Scholar
• Merriam, S. B. 1998. Qualitative Research and Case Study Applications in Education. San Francisco, CA: Jossey- Bass Publishers.
   Google Scholar
• Mete, F. 2015. “The Extent to Which Teachers of Turkish as a Foreign Language Accept Themselves as Competent.” Educational Research and Reviews 10 (19): 2624–2630. doi:10.5897/ERR2015.2450.
   Google Scholar
• Miller, A., E. Ramirez, and T. Murdock. 2017. “The Influence of Teachers’ Self-Efficacy on Perceptions: Perceived Teacher Competence and Respect and Student Effort and Achievement.” Teaching and Teacher Education 64: 260–269. doi:10.1016/j.tate.2017.02.008.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moafian, F., and A. Ganizadeh. 2009. “The Relationship Between Iranian EFL Teachers’ Emotional Intelligence and Their Self-Efficacy in Language Institutes.” System 37: 708–718. doi:10.1016/j.system.2009.09.014.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moradkhani, S., and S. Haghi. 2017. “Context-Based Sources of EFL Teachers’ Self-Efficacy: Iranian Public Schools Versus Private Institutes.” Teaching and Teacher Education 67: 259–269. doi:10.1016/j.tate.2017.06.019.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mutlu, S., and D. Ortaçtepe. 2016. “The Identity (Re)Construction of Nonnative English Teachers Stepping into Native Turkish Teachers’ Shoes.” Language and Intercultural Communication 16 (4): 552–569. doi:10.1080/14708477.2016.1194852.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nieto, C., M. Booth, P. Advisor, S. Kubow, and J. Wells. 2010. “Cultural Competence and Its Influence on the Teaching and Learning of International Students.” Journal of Studies in International Education 14 (4): 406–425.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nikitina, L., and F. Furuoka. 2019. “Language Learners’ Mental Images of Korea: Insights for the Teaching of Culture in the Language Classroom.” Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development 40 (9): 774–786. doi:10.1080/01434632.2018.1561704.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Noormohammadi, S. 2014. “Teacher Reflection and Its Relation to Teacher Efficacy and Autonomy.” Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences 98: 1380–1389. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.03.556.
   Google Scholar
• Nunan, A. 2017. “Giving Learners a Multicultural Voice: An English Speaking University Context.” Language Learning in Higher Education 7 (2): 435–449. doi:10.1515/cercles-2017-0018.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Özek Kaloti, Y. 2016. “A Comparative Study of the Attitudes, Self-Efficacy, and Readiness of American Versus Turkish Language Teachers.” Journal of International Education Research 12 (2): 53–60.
   Google Scholar
• Patton, M. Q. 1987. How to Use Qualitative Methods in Evaluation. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Perera, H. N., L. Vosicka, H. Granziera, and P. McIlveen. 2018. “Towards an Integrative Perspective on the Structure of Teacher Work Engagement.” Journal of Vocational Behavior 108: 28–41. doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2018.05.006.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Phan, N., and T. Locke. 2015. “Sources of Self-Efficacy of Vietnamese EFL Teachers: A Qualitative Study.” Teaching and Teacher Education 52: 73–82. doi:10.1016/j.tate.2015.09.006.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Phan, N., and T. Locke. 2016. “Vietnamese Teachers’ Self-Efficacy in Teaching English as a Foreign Language: Does Culture Matter?” English Teaching: Practice & Critique 15 (1): 105–128. doi:10.1108/ETPC-04-2015-0033.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rahimi, M., and H. Weisi. 2018. “Reflective Practice, Self-Efficacy and Research Practice of EFL Teachers: Examining Possible Relationships.” Issues in Educational Research 28 (3): 756–780.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ravandpour, A. 2019. “The Relationship Between EFL Teachers’ Continuing Professional Development and Their Self-Efficacy: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach.” Cogent Psychology 6: 1–13. doi:10.1080/23311908.2019.1568068.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roth, G., A. Assor, Y. Kanat-Maymon, and H. Kaplan. 2007. “Autonomous Motivation for Teaching: How Self-Determined Teaching may Lead to Self-Determined Learning.” Journal of Educational Psychology 99: 761–774. doi:10.1037/0022-0663.99.4.761.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sabet, M., S. Dehghannezhad, and A. Tahriri. 2018. “The Relationship Between Iranian EFL Teachers’ Self-Efficacy, Their Personality and Students’ Motivation.” International Journal of Education & Literacy Studies 6 (4): 7–15. doi:10.7575/aiac.ijels.v.6n.4p.7.
   Google Scholar
• Şahin, Ç, M. Eryaman, T. Koçer, and Ö Koçer. 2013. “Conceptual and Psychometric Properties of a Self-Efficacy Perception Scale Based on Teaching Turkish as a Foreign Language.” Educational Policy Analysis and Strategic Research 8 (1): 25–37.
   Google Scholar
• Sarıçoban, A. 2013. “Prospective and Regular ELT Teachers’ Digital Empowerment and Self-Efficacy.” Porta Linguarum 20: 77–87.
   Google Scholar
• Sis, N. 2007. “Preparing Syllabus at Teaching Turkish as a Foreign Language: Some Considerations.” Turkish Studies 2 (2): 565–569.
   Google Scholar
• Stork, M. G., J. Zhang, and C. Wang. 2018. “Building Multicultural Awareness in University Students Using Synchronous Technology.” TechTrends 62: 11–14.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stroganova, O., S. Bozhik, L. Voronova, and N. Antoshkova. 2019. “Investigation into the Professional Culture of a Foreign Language Teacher in a Multicultural Classroom From Faculty and International Students’ Perspectives.” Education Sciences 9: 1–25. doi:10.3390/educsci9020137.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Szelei, N., L. Ticona, and A. Pinho. 2019. “Rethinking ‘Cultural Activities’: An Examination of how Teachers Utilised Student Voice as a Pedagogical Tool in Multicultural Schools.” Teaching and Teacher Education 79: 176–187. doi:10.1016/j.tate.2018.12.020.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takkaç Tulgar, A. 2018. “Glocal Culture in the Second Language Setting on a Glocal, Cosmopolitan Campus.” Journal of Turkish Researches Institute 61: 539–552.
   Google Scholar
• Takkaç Tulgar, A. 2019. “Exploring the Bi-Directional Effects of Language Learning Experience and Learners’ Identity (Re)Construction in Glocal Higher Education Context.” Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development 40 (9): 743–758. doi:10.1080/01434632.2019.1611837.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tschannen-Moran, M., A. W. Hoy, and W. K. Hoy. 1998. “Teacher Efficacy: Its Meaning and Measure.” Review of Educational Research 68: 202–248. doi:10.3102/00346543068002202.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vaezi, S., and N. Fallah. 2011. “The Relationship Between Self-Efficacy and Stress among Iranian EFL Teachers.” Journal of Language Teaching and Research 2 (5): 1168–1174. doi:10.4304/jltr.2.5.1168-1174.
   Google Scholar
• Valckx, J., R. Vanderlinde, and G. Devos. 2020. “Departmental PLCs in Secondary Schools: the Importance of Transformational Leadership, Teacher Autonomy, and Teachers’ Self-Efficacy.” Educational Studies 46 (3): 282–301. doi:10.1080/03055698.2019.1584851.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wallen, M., and R. Tormey. 2019. “Developing Teacher Agency Through Dialogue.” Teaching and Teacher Education 82: 129–139. doi:10.1016/j.tate.2019.03.014.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watson, S., and G. Marschall. 2019. “How a Trainee Mathematics Teacher Develops Teacher Self-Efficacy.” Teacher Development 23 (4): 469–487. doi:10.1080/13664530.2019.1633392.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yada, A., A. Tolvanen, O. Malinen, K. Imai-Matsumura, H. Shimada, R. Koike, and H. Savolainen. 2019. “Teachers’ Self-Efficacy and the Sources of Efficacy: A Cross-Cultural Investigation in Japan and Finland.” Teaching and Teacher Education 81: 13–24. doi:10.1016/j.tate.2019.01.014.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yaman, Ş, Y. İnandı, and G. Esen. 2013. “A Regression Study: English Language Teachers’ General and Professional Sense of Self-Efficacy.” Education and Science 38 (170): 335–346.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yin, R. K. 2003. Case Study Research: Design and Methods. 3rd ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Yılmaz, C. 2011. “Teachers’ Perceptions of Self-Efficacy.” English Proficiency, and Instructional Strategies. Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal 39 (1): 91–100. doi:10.2224/sbp.2011.39.1.91.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zakeri, A., R. Rahmany, and E. Labone. 2016. “Teachers’ Self- and Collective Efficacy: The Case of Novice English Language Teachers.” Journal of Language Teaching and Research 7 (1): 158–167. doi:10.17507/jltr.0701.18.
   Google Scholar
• Zonoubi, R., A. Rakesh, and M. Tavakoli. 2017. “EFL Teacher Self-Efficacy Development in Professional Learning Communities.” System 66: 1–12. doi:10.1016/j.system.2017.03.003.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar