Phylogenetic confirmation of the genus Robbea (Nematoda: Desmodoridae, Stilbonematinae) with the description of three new species

References

• Baldi, C., Cho, S. & Ellis, R.E. 2009. Mutations in two independent pathways are sufficient to create hermaphroditic nematodes. Science 326, 1002–1005.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bauer-nebelsick, M., Blumer, M., Urbancik, W. & Ott, J.A. 1995. The glandular sensory organ of Desmodoridae (Nematoda) – ultrastructure and phylogenetic implications. Invertebrate Biology 114, 211–219.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bayer, C., Heindl, N.R., Rinke, C., Lücker, S., Ott, J.A. & Bulgheresi, S. 2009. Molecular characterization of the symbionts associated with marine nematodes of the genus Robbea. Environmental Microbiology Reports 1, 136–144.
   Google Scholar
• Boucher, G. 1975. Nématodes des sables fins infralittoraux de la Pierre Noire (Manche occidentale). I. Desmodorida. Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris 3e série 285, 101–128.
   Google Scholar
• Bulgheresi, S., Schabussova, I., Chen, T., Mullin, N.P., Maizels, R.M. & Ott, J.A. 2006. A new C-type lectin similar to the human immunoreceptor DC-SIGN mediates symbiont acquisition by a marine nematode. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 72, 2950–2956.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bulgheresi, S., Gruber-vodicka, H.R., Heindl, N.R., Dirks, U., Kostadinova, M., Breiteneder, H. & Ott, J.A. 2011. Sequence variability of the pattern recognition receptor Mermaid mediates specificity of marine nematode symbioses. International Society of Microbial Ecology Journal 5, 986–998.
   Google Scholar
• Cobb, N. 1920. One hundred new nemas (type species of 100 new genera). Contributions to a Science of Nematology 9.
   Google Scholar
• Davide, R. & Triantaphyllou, A. 1968. Influence of the environment on development and sex differentiation of root-knot nematodes. Nematologica 14, 37–46.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dirks, U., Gruber-vodicka, H.R., Leisch, N., Sterrer, W. & Ott, J.A. 2011. A new species of symbiotic flatworms, Paracatenula galateia sp. nov. (Platyhelminthes: Catenulida: Retronectidae) from Belize (Central America). Marine Biology Research 7, 769–777.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Drummond, A., Ashton, B., Buxton, S., Cheung, M., Cooper, A., Duran, C., Field, M., Heled, J., Kearse, M., Markowitz, S., Moir, R., Stones-havas, S., Sturrock, S., Thierer, T. & Wilson, A. 2011. Geneious v5.5. http://www.geneious.com/ (accessed 18 June 2014).
   Google Scholar
• Dubilier, N., Blazejak, A. & Rühland, C. 2006. Symbioses between bacteria and gutless marine Oligochaetes. In: Overmann, J., Ed., Molecular Basis of Symbiosis. Springer Berlin, Heidelberg, Germany, pp. 251–275.
   Google Scholar
• Erséus, C. 1990. The marine Tubificidae (Oligochaeta) of the barrier reef ecosystems at Carrie Bow Cay, Belize, and other parts of the Caribbean Sea, with descriptions of twenty-seven new species and revision of Heterodrilus, Thalassodrilides and Smithsonidrilus. Zoologica Scripta 19, 243–303.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gerlach, S.A. 1956. Die Nematodenbesiedlung des tropischen Brandungsstrandes von Pernambuco. Brasilianische Meeres-Nematoden II, Kieler Meeresforschungen 12, 202–218.
   Google Scholar
• Gerlach, S.A. 1963. Robbea tenax sp. n., ein merkwürdiger mariner Nematode von den Malediven. Internationale Revue der gesamten Hydrobiologie und Hydrographie 48, 153–158.
   Google Scholar
• Giere, O., Conway, N., Gastrock, G. & Schmidt, C. 1991. “Regulation” of gutless annelid ecology by endosymbiotic bacteria. Marine Ecology Progress Series 68, 287–299.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gourbault, N. & Vincx, M. 1990. Chromadorida (Nematoda) from Guadeloupe and Polynesia with evidence of intersexuality. Zoologica Scripta 19, 31–37.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gruber-vodicka, H.R., Dirks, U., Leisch, N., Baranyi, C., Stoecker, K., Bulgheresi, S., Heindl, N.R., Horn, M., Lott, C., Loy, A., Wagner, M. & Ott, J. 2011. Paracatenula, an ancient symbiosis between thiotrophic Alphaproteobacteria and catenulid flatworms. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 108, 12078–12083.
   Google Scholar
• Heindl, N.R., Gruber-vodicka, H.R., Bayer, C., Lücker, S., Ott, J.A. & Bulgheresi, S. 2011. First detection of thiotrophic symbiont phylotypes in the pelagic marine environment. Federation of European Microbiological Society Microbiology Ecology 77, 223–227.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hopper, B.E. & Cefalu, R.C. 1973. Free-living marine nematodes from Biscayne Bay, Florida V. Stilbonematinae: contributions to the taxonomy and morphology of the genus Eubostrichus Greeff and related genera. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society 92, 578–591.
   Google Scholar
• Inglis, W. 1967. Interstitial nematodes from St Vincent's Bay New Caledonia. Editions de la Fondation Singer-Polignac, Paris, France, 29–74.
   Google Scholar
• Jairajpuri, M., Ahmad, I. & Ahmad, M. 1977. Record of an intersex of Aquatides thornei with remarks on the phenomenon of intersexuality in nematodes. Indian Journal of Nematology 7, 177–181.
   Google Scholar
• Kampfer, S., Sturmbauer, C. & Ott, J.A. 1998. Phylogenetic analysis of rDNA sequences from Adenophorean nematodes and implications for the Adenophorea-Secernentea controversy. Invertebrate Biology 117, 29–36.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Katoh, K., Kuma, K.-I., Toh, H. & Miyata, T. 2005. MAFFT version 5: improvement in accuracy of multiple sequence alignment. Nucleic Acids Research 33, 511–518.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krall, E. 1972. On the biological background of the intersexuality in the genus Aphelenchoides (Nematoda: Tylenchida). Indian Journal of Nematology 2, 206–207.
   Google Scholar
• Miljutina, M.A., Miljutin, D.M. & Tchesunov, A.V. 2013. Seven Acantholaimus (Chromadoridae: Nematoda) species from one deep-sea sediment sample (Angola Basin, south-east Atlantic). Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 93, 935–953.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moura, J.D.R., da Silva, M.C. & Esteves, A.M. 2014. Four new species of Desmodora (Nematoda) from the deep south-east Atlantic, and a case of intersexuality in Desmodoridae. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 94, 85–104.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nebelsick, M., Blumer, M., Novak, R. & Ott, J.A. 1992. A new glandular sensory organ in Catanema sp. (Nematoda, Stilbonematinae). Zoomorphology 112, 17–26.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ott, J. 1997. A new symbiotic marine nematode, Adelphos rolandi gen. n. sp. n.(Stilbonematinae), from the Caribbean Sea. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien Serie B Botanik und Zoologie 99, 417–422.
   Google Scholar
• Ott, J.A. & Novak, R. 1989. Living at an interface: meiofauna at the oxygen/sulfide boundary of marine sediments. In: Ryland, J.S. & Tyler, P.A., Eds., 23rd European Marine Biology Symposium. Olsen & Olsen, Fredensborg, Denmark, pp. 415–422.
   Google Scholar
• Ott, J.A., Novak, R., Schiemer, F., Hentschel, U., Nebelsick, M. & Polz, M. 1991. Tackling the sulfide gradient: a novel strategy involving marine nematodes and chemoautotrophic ectosymbionts. Pubblicazioni Stazione Zoologica Napoli I: Marine Ecology 12, 261–279.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ott, J.A., Bauer-nebelsick, M. & Novotny, V. 1995. The genus Laxus Cobb, 1894 (Stilbonematinae: Nematoda): description of the two species with ectosymbiotic chemoautotrophic bacteria. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 108, 508–527.
   Google Scholar
• Ott, J.A., Bright, M. & Bulgheresi, S. 2004. Symbioses between marine nematodes and sulfur-oxidizing chemoautotrophic bacteria. Symbiosis 36, 103–126.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ott, J., Leisch, N. & Gruber-vodicka, H.R. 2014. Eubostrichus fertilis sp. n., a new marine nematode (Desmodoridae: Stilbonematinae) with an extraordinary reproductive potential from Belize, Central America. Nematology, in press.
   Google Scholar
• Pires-dasilva, A. 2007. Evolution of the control of sexual identity in nematodes. Seminars in Cell and Developmental Biology 18, 362–370.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Platt, H.M. & Zhang, Z.N. 1982. New species of marine nematodes from Loch Ewe, Scotland. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History)/Zoology Series 42, 227–246.
   Google Scholar
• Polz, M.F., Felbeck, H., Novak, R., Nebelsick, M. & Ott, J.A. 1992. Chemoautotrophic, sulfur-oxidizing symbiotic bacteria on marine nematodes: morphological and biochemical characterization. Microbial Ecology (Historical Archive) 24, 313–329.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Polz, M.F., Distel, D.L., Zarda, B., Amann, R., Felbeck, H., Ott, J.A. & Cavanaugh, C.M. 1994. Phylogenetic analysis of a highly specific association between ectosymbiotic, sulfur-oxidizing bacteria and a marine nematode. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 60, 4461–4467.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Polz, M.F., Harbison, C. & Cavanaugh, C.M. 1999. Diversity and heterogeneity of epibiotic bacterial communities on the marine nematode Eubostrichus dianae. Applied Environmental Microbiology 65, 4271–4275.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Polz, M., Ott, J.A., Bright, M. & Cavanaugh, C. 2000. When bacteria hitch a ride. American Malacological Society News 66, 531–539.
   Google Scholar
• Pradillon, F., Schmidt, A., Peplies, J. & Dubilier, N. 2007. Species identification of marine invertebrate early stages by whole-larvae in situ hybridisation of 18S ribosomal RNA. Marine Ecology Progress Series 333, 103–116.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Riemann, F., Thiermann, F. & Bock, L. 2003. Leptonemella species (Desmodoridae, Stilbonematinae), benthic marine nematodes with ectosymbiotic bacteria, from littoral sand of the North Sea island of Sylt: taxonomy and ecological aspects. Helgoland Marine Research 57, 118–131.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ronquist, F. & Huelsenbeck, J.P. 2003. MrBayes 3: Bayesian phylogenetic inference under mixed models. Bioinformatics 19, 1572–1574.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roy, T. & Gupta, A. 1975. Intersex or sex reversal amongst plant parasitic nematodes. Acta Morphologica Neerlando–Scandinavica 13, 213–218.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Schiemer, F., Novak, R. & Ott, J.A. 1990. Metabolic studies on thiobiotic free-living nematodes and their symbiotic microorganisms. Marine Biology (Berlin) 106, 129–137.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schizas, N.V., Street, G.T., Coull, B.C., Chandler, G.T. & Quattro, J.M. 1997. An efficient DNA extraction method for small metazoans. Molecular Marine Biology and Biotechnology 6, 381–383.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Stamatakis, A. 2006. RAxML-VI-HPC: maximum likelihood-based phylogenetic analyses with thousands of taxa and mixed models. Bioinformatics 22, 2688–2690.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stamatakis, A., Hoover, P. & Rougemont, J. 2008. A rapid bootstrap algorithm for the RAxML Web servers. Systematic Biology 57, 758–771.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steiner, G. 1923. Intersexes in Nematodes. Journal of Heredity 14, 147–158.
   Google Scholar
• Tamura, K., Peterson, D., Peterson, N., Stecher, G., Nei, M. & Kumar, S. 2011. MEGA5: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis using maximum likelihood, evolutionary distance, and maximum parsimony methods. Molecular Biology and Evolution 28, 2731–2739.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tchesunov, A. V., Ingels, J., Popova, E. V. 2012. Marine free-living nematodes associated with symbiotic bacteria in deep-sea canyons of north-east Atlantic Ocean. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 92, 1257–1271.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tchesunov, A.V. 2013. Marine free-living nematodes of the subfamily Stilbonematinae (Nematoda, Desmodoridae): taxonomic review with descriptions of a few species from the Nha Trang Bay, Central Vietnam. Meiofauna Marina 20, 71–94.
   Google Scholar
• Urbancik, W., Bauer-nebelsick, M. & Ott, J.A. 1996a. The ultrastructure of the cuticle of Nematoda. Zoomorphology 116, 51–64.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Urbancik, W., Novotny, V. & Ott, J.A. 1996b. The ultrastructure of the cuticle of Nematoda. II. The cephalic cuticle of Stilbonematinae (Adenophorea, Desmodoridae). Zoomorphology 116, 65–75.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Megen, H., van Den Elsen, S., Holterman, M., Karssen, G., Mooyman, P., Bongers, T., Holovachov, O., Bakker, J. & Helder, J. 2009. A phylogenetic tree of nematodes based on about 1200 full-length small subunit ribosomal DNA sequences. Nematology 11, 927–950.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vitiello, P. 1974. Nouvelles espèces de Desmodorida (Nematoda) des côtes de Provence. Tethys 5, 137–146.
   Google Scholar
• Winnepenninckx, B., Backeljau, T. & De wachter, R. 1995. Phylogeny of protostome worms derived from 18S rRNA sequences. Molecular Biology and Evolution 12, 641–649.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhuo, K., Liao, J., Cui, R. & Li, Y. 2009. First record of female intersex in Hirschmanniella shamimi Ahmad, 1972 (Nematoda: Pratylenchidae), with a checklist of intersexes in plant nematodes. Zootaxa 1973, 61–68.
   Google Scholar