Taxonomic and phylogenetic studies on two marine Cyrtophoria ciliates (Protista: Ciliophora: Phyllopharyngea) with the description of a new species

References

• Berger, H. (2006). Monograph of the Urostyloidea (Ciliophora, Hypotricha). Springer Press.
   Google Scholar
• Berger, H. (2011). Monograph of the Gonostomatidae and Kahliellidae (Ciliophora, Hypotricha). Springer Press.
   Google Scholar
• Bourland, W., Rotterová, J., & Čepička, I. (2020). Description of three new genera of Metopidae (Metopida, Ciliophora): Pileometopus gen. nov., Castula gen. nov., and Longitaenia gen. nov., with notes on the phylogeny and cryptic diversity of metopid ciliates. Protist, 171, 125740. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.protis.2020.125740
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, X., Pan, H., Huang, J., Warren, A., Al-Farraj, S. A., & Gao, S. (2016). New considerations on the phylogeny of cyrtophorian ciliates (Protozoa, Ciliophora): Expanded sampling to understand their evolutionary relationships. Zoologica Scripta, 45, 334–348. https://doi.org/10.1111/zsc.12150
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, X., Li, L., Al-Farraj, S. A., Ma, H., & Pan, H. (2018). Taxonomic studies on Aegyria apoliva sp. nov. and Trithigmostoma cucullulus (Müller, 1786) Jankowski, 1967 (Ciliophora, Cyrtophoria) with phylogenetic analyses. European Journal of Protistology, 62, 122–134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejop.2017.12.005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, X., Hu, X., Gong, J., Al-Rasheid, K. A. S., Al-Farraj, S. A., & Song, W. (2012). Morphology and infraciliature of two new marine ciliates, Paracyrtophoron tropicum nov. gen., nov. spec. and Aegyria rostellum nov. spec. (Ciliophora, Cyrtophorida), isolated from tropical waters in southern China. European Journal of Protistology, 48, 63–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejop.2011.07.005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chi, Y., Wang, Z., Ye, T., Wang, Y., Zhao, J., Song, W., Bourland, W., & Chen, X. (2022). A new contribution to the taxonomy and phylogeny of the ciliate genus Spirostomum (Alveolata, Ciliophora, Heterotrichea), with comprehensive descriptions of two species from wetlands in China. Water Biology and Security, 1, 100031. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watbs.2022.100031
   Google Scholar
• Claparède, É., & Lachmann, J. (1859). Études sur les Infusoires et les Rhizopodes. Mémoires L’Institut National Genevois, 6 (year 1858), 261–482.
   Google Scholar
• Deroux, G. (1974). Les dispositifs adhésifes ciliaires chez les Cyrtophorida et la famille des Hypocomidae. Protistologica, 10, 379–396.
   Google Scholar
• Deroux, G. (1976a). Le plan cortical des Cyrtophorida, unité d’expression et marges de variabilité. I. Le cas des Plesiotrichopidae, fam. nov., dans la nouvelle systématique. Protistologica, 12, 469–481.
   Google Scholar
• Deroux, G. (1976b). Le plan cortical des Cyrtophorida. III. Les structures différenciatrices chez les Dysteriina. Protistologica, 12, 505–538.
   Google Scholar
• Deroux, G., & Dragesco, J. (1968). Nouvelles données sur quelques ciliés Holotriches Cyrtophores à ciliature ventrale. Protistologica, 4, 365–408.
   Google Scholar
• Diesing, K. M. (1866). Revision der Prothelminthen. Sitzungsberichte Der kaiserlichez Akademie der wissenschaften. Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche classe.
   Google Scholar
• Entz, G. (1884). Über Infusorien des Golfes von Neapel. Mittheilungen an der Zoologischen Station zu Neapel, 5, 289–444.
   Google Scholar
• Fahrni, J., Dovgal, I., & Qu, Z. (2022). Molecular phylogeny of Chonotrichia (Ciliophora, Phyllopharyngea) inferred from SSU rDNA sequences. European Journal of Protistology, 86, 125920. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejop.2022.125920
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fan, X., & Pan, X. (2020). Ciliates of Scuticociliatia and Peniculia from China. Science Press. [in Chinese]
   Google Scholar
• Fan, X., Yao, S., Luo, X., Dong, T., Xu, Y., Chen, L., Bourland, W., Zhao, Y., & Huang, J. (2021). Some morphologically distinguishable hypotrich ciliates share identical 18S rRNA gene sequences-taxonomic insights from a case study on Oxytricha species (Protista, Ciliophora). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 193, 356–379. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejop.2022.125920
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fauré-Fremiet, E. (1965). Morphologie des Dysteriidæ (Ciliata Cyrtophorina). Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Seìances de l’Acadeìmie des Sciences, 260, 6679–6684.
   Google Scholar
• Foissner, W., & Berger, H. (2021). Terrestrial ciliates (Protista, Ciliophora) from Australia and some other parts of the world. Series Monographiae Ciliophorae. Consulting Engineering Office for Ecology.
   Google Scholar
• Ghosh, S., Bharti, D., & Kumar, S. (2021). Morphology of Indian populations of Coleps elongatus (Ehrenberg, 1830) Kahl, 1930 and C. amphacanthus Ehrenberg, 1833 (Ciliophora: Prostomatea: Prorodontida). Records of the Zoological Survey of India, 121, 447–452. https://doi.org/10.26515/rzsi/v121/i4/2021/158008
   Google Scholar
• Gong, J., Song, W., & Warren, A. (2005). Periphytic ciliate colonization: Annual cycle and responses to environmental conditions. Aquatic Microbial Ecology, 39, 159–170. https://doi.org/10.3354/ame039159
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hall, T. A. (1999). BioEdit: A user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95/98/NT. Nucleic Acids Symposium Series, 41, 95–98.
   Google Scholar
• Hu, X., Lin, X., & Song, W. (2019). Ciliate atlas: Species found in the South China Sea. Science Press.
   Google Scholar
• Huxley, T. H. (1857). Original communications: On Dysteria; a new genus of infusoria. Journal of Cell Science, s1-5, 78–82. https://doi.org/10.1242/jcs.s1-5.18.78
   Google Scholar
• Jiang, L., Wang, C., Al‑Farraj, S. A., Hines, H. N., & Hu, X. (2023). Morphological and molecular examination of the ciliate family Lagynusidae (Protista, Ciliophora, Prostomatea) with descriptions of two new genera and two new species from China. Marine Life Science & Technology, 5, 178–195. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42995-023-00174-1
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jiang, L., Wang, C., Warren, A., Ma, H., & Hu, X. (2022). New considerations on the systematics of the family Holophryidae (Protozoa, Ciliophora, Prostomatea), with a description of Holophrya paradiscolor sp. nov. and a redescription of Pelagothrix plancticola. Systematics and Biodiversity, 20, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/14772000.2021.2012296
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiang, L., Zhuang, W., El-Serehy, H. A., Al-Farraj, S. A., Warren, A., & Hu, X. (2021). Taxonomy and molecular phylogeny of two new species of prostomatean ciliates with establishment of Foissnerophrys gen. n. (Alveolata, Ciliophora). Frontiers in Microbiology, 12, 686929. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.686929
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jin, D., Qu, Z., Wei, B., Montagnes, D. J. S., Fan, X., & Chen, X. (2021). Two parasitic ciliates (Protozoa: Ciliophora: Phyllopharyngea) isolated from respiratory-mucus of an unhealthy beluga whale: Characterization, phylogeny and an assessment of morphological adaptations. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 191, 941–960. https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa086
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kahl, A. (1931). Urtiere oder Protozoa I: Wimpertiere oder Ciliata (Infusoria) 2. Holotricha außer den im 1. Teil behandelten Prostomata. Die Tierwelt Deutschlands, 21, 181–398.
   Google Scholar
• Kazmi, S. S. U. H., Tang, X., Xu, G., & Xu, H. (2021). An approach to optimizing sampling effort for bioassessment surveys based on periphytic ciliates according to water depths in marine ecosystems. Ecological Indicators, 122, 107222. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2020.107222
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khabibulina, V., Melekhin, M., Belokon, M., & Borodin, N. (2021). First record of the suctorian ciliate Ophryodendron abietinum (Ciliophora, Phyllopharyngea), the epibiont of Hydrozoa in the White Sea. Protistology, 15, 34–40. https://doi.org/10.21685/1680-0826-2021-15-1-4
   Google Scholar
• Kouser, F., Song, W., Jiang, L., Zhuang, W., Wang, C., Wu, T., & Hu, X. (2022). Taxonomy and phylogeny of two spirotrichean ciliates (Alveolata, Protista, and Ciliophora) from a plateau saline-alkaline lake in Tibet, China, including description of a new species. Frontiers in Marine Science, 9, 836341. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.836341
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kumar, S., & Foissner, W. (2016). High cryptic soil ciliate (Ciliophora, Hypotrichida) diversity in Australia. European Journal of Protistology, 53, 61–95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejop.2015.10.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, R., Zhuang, W., Feng, X., Al-Farraj, S. A., Warren, A., & Hu, X. (2022). Phylogeny of the anaerobic ciliate genus Sonderia (Protista: Ciliophora: Plagiopylea), including the description of three novel species and a brief revision of the genus. Marine Life Science & Technology, 4, 493–512. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42995-022-00142-1
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Li, R., Zhuang, W., Feng, X., Hines, H. N., & Hu, X. (2023). First redescription and molecular phylogeny of Trimyema claviforme Kahl, 1933 with the description of a Chinese population of Plagiopyla nasuta Stein, 1860 (Ciliophora, Plagiopylea). European Journal of Protistology, 90, 126003. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejop.2023.126003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, R., Zhuang, W., Wang, C., El-Serehy, H., Al-Farraj, S. A., Warren, A., & Hu, X. (2021). Redescription and SSU rRNA gene-based phylogeny of an anaerobic ciliate, Plagiopyla ovata Kahl, 1931 (Ciliophora, Plagiopylea). International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 71, 004936. https://doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.004936
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, S., Zhuang, W., Pérez-Uz, B., Zhang, Q., & Hu, X. (2021). Two anaerobic ciliates (Ciliophora, Armophorea) from China: Morphology and SSU rDNA sequence, with report of a new species, Metopus paravestitus nov. spec. The Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology, 68, e12822. https://doi.org/10.1111/jeu.12822
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu, M., Liu, Y., Zhang, T., Lu, B., Gao, F., Gu, J., Al-Farraj, S. A., Hu, X., & Song, W. (2022). Integrative studies on the taxonomy and molecular phylogeny of four new Pleuronema species (Protozoa, Ciliophora, Scuticociliatia). Marine Life Science & Technology, 4, 179–200. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42995-022-00130-5
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lynn, D. H. (2008). The ciliated protozoa. Characterization, classification and guide to the literature. Springer Press.
   Google Scholar
• Miller, M. A., Pfeiffer, W., & Schwartz, T. (2010, November 14). Creating the CIPRES Science Gateway for inference of large phylogenetic trees. In 2010 Gateway Computing Environments Workshop (GCE), pp. 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1109/GCE.2010.5676129
   Google Scholar
• Norf, H., Arndt, H., & Weitere, M. (2009). Responses of biofilm-dwelling ciliate communities to planktonic and benthic resource enrichment. Microbial Ecology, 57, 687–700. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-008-9470-z
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nylander, J. (2004). MrModeltest v2. Program distributed by the author. Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University.
   Google Scholar
• Park, M. H., & Min, G. S. (2014). A new marine cyrtophorid ciliate, Dysteria nabia nov. spec. (Ciliophora: Phyllopharyngea: Cyrtophorida: Dysteriidae), from South Korea. Acta Protozoologica, 53, 257–268. https://doi.org/10.4467/16890027AP.14.023.1998
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Polákova, K., Čepička, I., & Bourland, W. A. (2021). Phylogenetic position of three well-known ciliates from the controversial order Loxocephalida Jankowski, 1980 (Scuticociliatia, Oligohymenophorea) and Urozona buetschlii (Schewiakoff, 1889) with improved morphological descriptions. Protist, 172, 125833. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.protis.2021.125833
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Puytorac, P., de., Batisse, A., Bohatier, J., Corliss, J. O., Deroux, G., Didier, P., Dragesco, J., Fryd-Versavel, G., Grain, J., Grolière, C., Hovasse, R., Iftode, F., Laval, M., Roque, M., Savoie, A., & Tuffrau, M. (1974). Proposition d’une classification du phylum Ciliophora Doflein, 1901 (réunion de systématique, Clermont-Ferrand). Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Seìances de l’Acadeìmie des Sciences, 278, 2799–2802.
   Google Scholar
• Qu, Z., Ma, H., Al-Farraj, S. A., Lin, X., & Hu, X. (2017). Morphology and molecular phylogeny of Aegyria foissneri sp. n. and Lynchella minuta sp. n. (Ciliophora, Cyrtophoria) from brackish waters of southern China. European Journal of Protistology, 57, 50–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejop.2016.10.003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qu, Z., Li, L., Lin, X., Stoeck, T., Pan, H., Al-Rasheid, K. A. S., & Song, W. (2018). Diversity of the cyrtophorid genus Chlamydodon (Protista, Ciliophora): Its systematics and geographic distribution, with taxonomic descriptions of three species. Systematics and Biodiversity, 16, 497–511. https://doi.org/10.1080/14772000.2018.1456493
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qu, Z., Pan, H., Wang, C., Ma, H., Stoeck, T., & Hu, X. (2021). Gastronautidae Deroux, 1994 and Trithigmostoma Jankowski, 1967: Evolutionary links among cyrtophorian ciliates (Protista, Ciliophora, and Phyllopharyngea). Frontiers in Marine Science, 8, 625644. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.625644
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qu, Z., Pan, H., Gong, J., Wang, C., Filker, S., & Hu, X. (2022). Historical review of studies on cyrtophorian ciliates (Ciliophora, Cyrtophoria) from China. Microorganisms, 10, 1325. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10071325
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rees, J. V. (1884). Protozoaires de l’Escault de l’Est. Tijdschr. d. Nederl. Dierk. Ver., (suppl. D), 1, 592–673.
   Google Scholar
• Ronquist, F., Teslenko, M., van der Mark, P., Ayres, D. L., Darling, A., Höhna, S., Larget, B., Liu, L., Suchard, M. A., & Huelsenbeck, J. P. (2012). MrBayes 3.2: Efficient Bayesian phylogenetic inference and model choice across a large model space. Systematic Biology, 61, 539–542. https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/sys029
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sela, I., Ashkenazy, H., Katoh, K., & Pupko, T. (2015). GUIDANCE2: Accurate detection of unreliable alignment regions accounting for the uncertainty of multiple parameters. Nucleic Acids Research, 43, W7–W14. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkv318
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Serra, V., D’Alessandro, A., Nitla, V., Gammuto, L., Modeo, L., Petroni, G., & Fokin, S. I. (2021). The neotypification of Frontonia vernalis (Ehrenberg, 1833) Ehrenberg, 1838 and the description of Frontonia paravernalis sp. nov. trigger a critical revision of frontoniid systematics. BMC Zoology, 6, 4. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40850-021-00067-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shao, C., Chen, X., & Jiang, J. (2020). Hypotrichous ciliates in China. Science Press. [in Chinese]
   Google Scholar
• Song, W. (2003). On two marine cyrtophorid ciliates from China, with description of Chlamydonella derouxi nov. spec. and Orthotrochilia pilula (Deroux, 1976) nov. comb., and reestablishment of the genus Orthotrochilia nov. gen. (Protozoa, Ciliophora, Cyrtophorida). Hydrobiologia, 499, 169–177. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026373315162
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Song, W., Warren, A., & Hu, X. (2009). Free-living ciliates in the Bohai and Yellow Seas, China. Science Press.
   Google Scholar
• Song, W., & Wilbert, N. (2002). Faunistic studies on marine ciliates from the Antarctic benthic area, including descriptions of one epizoic form, 6 new species and, 2 new genera (Protozoa: Ciliophora). Acta Protozoologica, 41, 23–62.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stamatakis, A. (2014). RAxML version 8: A tool for phylogenetic analysis and post-analysis of large phylogenies. Bioinformatics (Oxford, England), 30, 1312–1313. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btu033
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tamura, K., Peterson, D., Peterson, N., Stecher, G., Nei, M., & Kumar, S. (2011). MEGA5: Molecular evolutionary genetics analysis using maximum likelihood, evolutionary distance, and maximum parsimony methods. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 28, 2731–2739. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msr121
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, C., Jiang, L., Qu, Z., Al-Farraj, S. A., Warren, A., & Hu, X. (2021). Taxonomy and phylogeny of three species of Dysteria (Ciliophora, Phyllopharyngea) including the description of a new species. Protist, 172, 125831. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.protis.2021.125831
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, C., Jiang, L., Pan, H., Warren, A., & Hu, X. (2023). New contributions to the Cyrtophoria ciliates (Protista, Ciliophora): establishment of new taxa and phylogenetic analyses using two ribosomal genes. The Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology, 70, e12938. https://doi.org/10.1111/jeu.12938
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, C., Qu, Z., & Hu, X. (2019). Morphology and SSU rDNA sequences of four cyrtophorian ciliates from China, with description of a new species (Protista, Ciliophora, Phyllopharyngea). Zootaxa, 4664, zootaxa.4664.2.3. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4664.2.3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, P., Wang, Y., Wang, C., Zhang, T., Al-Farraj, S. A., & Gao, F. (2017). Further consideration on the phylogeny of the Ciliophora: Analyses using both mitochondrial and nuclear data with focus on the extremely confused class Phyllopharyngea. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 112, 96–106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2017.04.018
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, R., Bai, Y., Hu, T., Xu, D., Suzuki, T., & Hu, X. (2021). Integrative taxonomy and molecular phylogeny of three poorly known tintinnine ciliates, with the establishment of a new genus (Protista; Ciliophora; Oligotrichea). BMC Ecology and Evolution, 21, 158. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-021-01831-8
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wang, Z., Zhou, T., Yang, H., & Gu, Z. (2019). First diagnosis of ectoparasitic ciliates (Trichodina and Chilodonella) on farmed juvenile yellow catfish, Tachysurus fulvidraco in China. Aquaculture Research, 50, 3275–3285. https://doi.org/10.1111/are.14285
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, Z., Chi, Y., Li, T., Song, W., Wang, Y., Wu, T., Zhang, G., Liu, Y., Ma, H., Song, W., Al-Rasheid, K. A. S., Warren, A., & Lu, B. (2022). Biodiversity of freshwater ciliates (Protista, Ciliophora) in the Lake Weishan Wetland, China: The state of the art. Marine Life Science & Technology, 4, 429–451. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42995-022-00154-x
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wilbert, N. (1975). Eine verbesserte Technik der Protargolimprägnation für Ciliaten. Mikrokosmos, 64, 171–179.
   Google Scholar
• Zhao, X., Zhang, H., Zhang, Q., Qu, Z., Warren, A., Wu, D., & Chen, X. (2022). A case study of the morphological and molecular variation within a ciliate genus: Taxonomic descriptions of three Dysteria species (Ciliophora, Cyrtophoria), with the establishment of a new species. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23, 1764. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23031764
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhuang, W., Li, S., Bai, Y., Zhang, T., Al-Rasheid, K. A. S., & Hu, X. (2021). Morphology and molecular phylogeny of the anaerobic freshwater ciliate Urostomides spinosus nov. spec. (Ciliophora, Armophorea, Metopida) from China. European Journal of Protistology, 81, 125823. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejop.2021.125823
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhuang, W., Li, R., Feng, X., Al-Farraj, S. A., & Hu, X. (2022). New contribution to the diversity of the anaerobic genus Metopus (Ciliophora, Armophorea), with descriptions of three new marine species. Frontiers in Marine Science, 9, 884834. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.884834
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar