Motivation of active sport tourists in a German highland destination – a cross-seasonal comparison

References

• Aderhold, P. (2011). Reiseverhalten der Deutschen. Kurzfassung der Deutschen Reiseanalyse 2011 [Travel behaviour of the Germans. Short version of the German Travel Analysis 2001]. Kiel: FUR.
   Google Scholar
• Backhaus, K., Erichson, B., Plink, W., & Weiber, R. (2011). Multivariate Analysemethoden. Eine anwendungsorientierte Einführung [Multivariate methods of analysing. A practical introduction] (13th ed.). Berlin: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• BarOn, R. (1975). Seasonality in tourism: A guide to the analysis of seasonality and trends for policy making. London: Economist Intelligence Unit.
   Google Scholar
• Baum, T., & Hagen, L. (1999). Responses to seasonality: The experiences of peripheral destinations. The International Journal of Tourism Research, 1(5), 299. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1522-1970(199909/10)1:5<299::AID-JTR198>3.0.CO;2-L
   Google Scholar
• Beier, K. (2001). Anreizstrukturen im Outdoorsport [Incentive structures in outdoor sports]. Schorndorf: Hoffmann.
   Google Scholar
• Berekoven, L., Eckert, W., & Ellenrieder, P. (2001). Marktforschung. Methodische Grundlagen und praktische Anwendungen [Market research. Methodical basics and practical applications] (9th ed.). Wiesbaden: Gabler.
   Google Scholar
• Bergs, S. (1981). Optimalität bei Cluster-Analysen [Optimality in cluster analysisi]. (Dissertation). Münster.
   Google Scholar
• Böhler, H. (1977). Methoden und Modelle der Marktsegmentierung [Methods and models of market segmentation]. Stuttgart: Poeschel.
   Google Scholar
• Boukas, N., & Ziakas, V. (2013). Golf tourist motivation and sustainable development: A marketing management approach for promoting responsible Golf tourism in Cyprus. Retrieved from http://www.academia.edu/3568662/Golf_Tourist_Motivation_and_Sustainable_Development_A_Marketing_Management_Approach_for_Promoting_Responsible_Golf_Tourism_in_Cyprus
   Google Scholar
• Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft. (2012). Wirtschaftsfaktor Tourismus Deutschland [Economic factor tourism in Germany]. München: PRpeptum.
   Google Scholar
• Butler, R. (1984). Seasonality in tourism. Issues and problems. In A. Seaton (Ed.), Tourism, the state of the art (pp. 3323–339). Chichester: Wiley.
   Google Scholar
• Commons, J., & Page, S. (2001). Managing seasonality in peripheral tourism regions: The case of Northland, New Zealand. In T. Baum & S. Lundrop (Eds.), Seasonality in tourism (pp. 153–172). New York, NY: Pergamon.
   Google Scholar
• Dickson, T. J., & Dolnicar, S. (2006). Ascending Mt Kosciuszko: An exploration of motivational patterns. CD Proceedings of the 15th International Research Conference of the Council for Australian University Tourism and Hospitality Education (CAUTHE 2006): To the City and Beyond, 1030. Retrieved from http://ro.uow.edu.au/commpapers/75/
   Google Scholar
• Dickson, T. J., & Faulks, P. (2007). Exploring overseas snowsport participation by Australian skiers and snowboarders. Tourism Review, 62(3/4), 7–14. doi: 10.1108/16605370780000315
   Google Scholar
• Dolnicar, S., & Fluker, M. (2003). Behavioural market segments among surf tourists: Investigating past destination choice. Journal of Sport Tourism, 8(3), 186–196. doi: 10.1080/14775080310001690503
   Google Scholar
• Dolnicar, S., & Leisch, F. (2003). Winter tourist segments in Austria: Identifying stable vacation styles using bagged clustering techniques. Journal of Travel Research, 41(3), 281–292. doi: 10.1177/0047287502239037
   Google Scholar
• Freter, H. (2008). Markt- und Kundensegmentierung. Kundenorientierte Markterfassung und –bearbeitung [Market and customer segmentation. Customer-orientated market control and strategy] (2nd ed.). Stuttgart: Kohlhammer.
   Google Scholar
• Freyer, W. (2009). Tourismus-Marketing. Marktorientiertes Management im Mikro- und Makrobereich der Tourismuswirtschaft [Tourism marketing. Market-oriented management in the micro and macro field of the tourism industry] (6th ed.). München: Oldenbourg.
   Google Scholar
• Füller, J., & Matzler, K. (2008). Customer delight and market segmentation: An application of the three-factor theory of customer satisfaction on life style groups. Tourism Management, 29(1), 116–126. doi: 10.1016/j.tourman.2007.03.021
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Getz, D., & Nilsson, P. A. (2004). Responses of family business to extreme seasonality in demand: The case of Bornholm, Denmark. Tourism Management, 25(1), 17–30. doi: 10.1016/S0261-5177(03)00067-0
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Godfrey, K. B. (1999). Attributes of destination choice: British skiing in Canada. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 5(1), 18–30. doi: 10.1177/135676679900500103
   Google Scholar
• Grimm, B., Metzler, D., Butzmann, E., & Schmücker, D. (2010). Auswirkungen des demografischen Wandels auf touristische Nachfragestrukturen in Deutschland und ausgewählten Quellmärkten. Das zukünftige Reisevolumen und –verhalten verschiedener Altersgruppen [Impacts of demographic change on tourism demand structures in Germany and selected source markets. The future travel volume and behaviour of different age groups]. Tw Zeitschrift für Tourismuswirtschaft, 2(2), 111–132.
   Google Scholar
• Hallmann, K., Zehrer, A., & Müller, S. (2013). Perceived destination image: An image model for winter sports destination and its effect on intention to revisit. Journal of Travel Research, 54(1), 94–106. doi: 10.1177/0047287513513161
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Higham, J., & Hinch, T. (2002). Tourism, sport and seasons: The challenges and potential of overcoming seasonality in the sport and tourism sector. Tourism Management, 23, 175–185. doi: 10.1016/S0261-5177(01)00046-2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hodeck, A., & Hovemann, G. (2013). Typisierung von Wintersporttouristen in deutschen Mittelgebirgen am Beispiel des Erzgebirges [Typification of winter sport tourists in German highlands using the example of the Ore Mountains]. Sciamus – Sport und Management, 4(4), 1–13.
   Google Scholar
• Hodeck, A., & Hovemann, G. (2015). Empirical findings regarding the destination choice in two German winter sport destinations. Polish Journal of Sport and Tourism, 22(2), 114–117. doi: 10.1515/pjst-2015-0019
   Google Scholar
• Hsu, T.-K., Tsai, Y.-F., & Wu, H.-H. (2009). The preference analysis for tourist choice of destination: A case study of Taiwan. Tourism Management, 30, 288–297. doi: 10.1016/j.tourman.2008.07.011
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hudson, S. (2000). Snow business: A study of the international ski industry. London: Continuum International Publishing Group.
   Google Scholar
• Hudson, S. (2004). Winter sport tourism in North America. In B. Richie & D. Adair. (Eds.), Sport tourism: Interrelationships, impacts and issues (pp. 188–204). Clevedon: Channel View.
   Google Scholar
• Hudson, S., Ritchie, B., & Timur, S. (2004). Measuring destination competitiveness: An empirical study on Canadian ski resorts. Tourism and Hospitality Planning & Development, 1(1), 79–94. doi: 10.1080/1479053042000187810
   Google Scholar
• Kaiser, H. F., & Rice, J. (1974). Little Jiffy, Mark IV. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 34, 111–117. doi: 10.1177/001316447403400115
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klenosky, D., Gengler, C., & Mulvey, M. (1993). Understanding the factors influencing Ski destination choice: A means-end analytic approach. Journal of Leisure Research, 25(4), 362–379.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Konu, H., Laukkanen, T., & Komppula, R. (2011). Using ski destination choice criteria to segment Finnish ski resort customers. Tourism Management, 32, 1096–1105. doi: 10.1016/j.tourman.2010.09.010
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Landauer, M., Pröbstl, U., & Haider, W. (2012). Managing cross-country skiing destinations under the conditions of climate change – scenarios for destinations in Austria and Finland. Tourism Management, 33, 741–751. doi: 10.1016/j.tourman.2011.08.007
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matzler, K., Füller, J., Renzl, B., Herting, S., & Späth, S. (2008). Customer satisfaction with alpine Ski areas: The moderating effects of personal, situational and product factors. Journal of Travel Research, 46(4), 403–413. doi: 10.1177/0047287507312401
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mojena, R. (1977). Hierarchical clustering methods and stopping rules: An evaluation. The Computer Journal, 20, 359–363. doi: 10.1093/comjnl/20.4.359
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park, D., & Yoon, S. (2009). Segmentation by motivation in rural tourism: A Korean case study. Tourism Management, 30, 99–108. doi: 10.1016/j.tourman.2008.03.011
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pearce, P. L. (2005). Tourist behaviour: Themes and conceptual schemes. Clevedon: Channel View.
   Google Scholar
• Pegg, S., Patterson, I., & Vila Griddo, P. (2012). The impact of seasonality on tourism and hospitality operations in the alpine region of New South Wales, Australia. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 31, 659–666. doi: 10.1016/j.ijhm.2011.09.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perdue, R. (2004). Sustainable tourism and stakeholder groups: A case study of Colorado ski resort communities. In G. Crouch, R. Perdue, H. Timmermanns, & M. Uysal (Eds.), Consumer psychology of tourism, hospitality and leisure (pp. 253–264). Wallingford, CT: CABI.
   Google Scholar
• Reynolds, Z., & Hritz, N. M. (2012). Surfing as adventure travel: Motivations and lifestyles. Journal of Tourism Insights, 3(1), 14–23. doi: 10.9707/2328-0824.1024
   Google Scholar
• Ronge, C. (2012). Die Entwicklung des Tourismus in Sachsen 1992 bis 2011 [Development of tourism in Saxony from 1992 to 2011]. In C. Ronge (Ed.), Statistik in Sachsen 3/2012 (pp. 30–33). Kamenz: Statistisches Landesamt.
   Google Scholar
• Schneider, W. (2009). Marketing und Käuferverhalten [Marketing and consumer behaviour] (3rd ed.). München: Oldenbourg.
   Google Scholar
• Tkaczynski, A., Rundle-Thiele, S., & Prebensen, N. (2015). Segmenting potential nature-based tourists based on temporal factors: The case of Norway. Journal of Travel Research, 54(2), 251–265. doi: 10.1177/0047287513514296
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tsiotsou, R. (2006). Using visit frequency to segment ski resorts customers. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 12(1), 15–26. doi: 10.1177/1356766706059029
   Google Scholar
• TV Erzegebirge (2014). Destinationsstrategie Erzgebirge [Destination strategy of the Ore Mountains]. Annaberg-Buchholz: Tourismusverband Erzgebirge e.V.
   Google Scholar
• Um, S., & Crompton, J. L. (1990). Attitude determinants in tourism destination choice. Annals of Tourism Research, 17, 432–448. doi: 10.1016/0160-7383(90)90008-F
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vassiliadis, C., Priporas, C.-V., & Andronikidis, A. (2012). An analysis of visitor behaviour using time blocks: A study of ski destinations in Greece. Tourism Management. doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2012.03.013
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weed, M., & Bull, C. (2002). Sports tourism: Participants, policy, and providers. Oxford: Elsevier.
   Google Scholar
• Won, D., Bang, H., & Shonk, D. (2008). Relative importance of factors involved in choosing a regional Ski destination: Influence of consumption situation and recreation specialisation. Journal of Sport & Tourism, 13(4), 249–271. doi: 10.1080/14775080802577185
   Google Scholar
• Woratschek, H., Hannich, F. M., & Ritchie, B. (2007). Motivations of sport tourists – an empirical analysis of several European rock climbing regions. Retrieved from http://www.fiwi.uni-bayreuth.de/de/download/WP_02-07.pdf
   Google Scholar