References
- Miller WD. The human mouth as a focus of infection. Lancet. 1891;138:340–342.
- Mattila KJ, Nieminen MS, Valtonen VV, et al. Association between dental health and acute myocardial infarction. BMJ. 1989;298:779–781.
- Beck J, Garcia R, Heiss G, et al. Periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease. J Periodontol. 1996;67:1123–1137.
- Eke PI, Dye BA, Wei L, et al. Update on prevalence of periodontitis in adults in the United States: NHANES 2009 to 2012. J Periodontol. 2015;86:611–622.
- Dye BA. Global periodontal disease epidemiology. Periodontol 2000. 2012;58:10–25.
- Libby P, Aikawa M. Stabilization of atherosclerotic plaques: new mechanisms and clinical targets. Nat Med. 2002;8:1257–1262.
- Hansson GK. Inflammation, atherosclerosis, and coronary artery disease. N Engl J Med. 2005;352:1685–1695.
- Nichols M, Townsend N, Scarborough P, et al. Cardiovascular disease in Europe 2014: epidemiological update. Eur Heart J. 2014;35:2950–2959.
- Yusuf S, Hawken S, Ôunpuu S, et al.; Lisheng L on behalf of the INTERHEART Study Investigators. Effect of potentially modifiable risk factors associated with myocardial infarction in 52 countries (the INTERHEART study): case-control study. Lancet. 2004;364:937–952.
- Blaizot A, Vergnes J-N, Nuwwareh S, et al. Periodontal diseases and cardiovascular events: meta-analysis of observational studies. Int Dent J. 2009;59:197–209.
- Bahekar AA, Singh S, Saha S, et al. The prevalence and incidence of coronary heart disease is significantly increased in periodontitis: a meta-analysis. Am Heart J. 2007;154:830–837.
- Armingohar Z, Jørgensen JJ, Kristoffersen AK, et al. Bacteria and bacterial DNA in atherosclerotic plaque and aneurysmal wall biposies from patients with and without periodontitis. J Oral Microbiol. 2014;6. doi:10.3402/jom.v6.23408.
- Tonetti MS, D’Aiuto F, Nibali L, et al. Treatment of periodontitis and endothelial function. N Engl J Med. 2007;356:911–920.
- Moura Foz A, Alexandre Romito G, Manoel Bispo C, et al. Periodontal therapy and biomarkers related to cardiovascular risk. Minerva Stomatol. 2010;59:271–283.
- Lockhart PB, Bolger AF, Papapanou PN, et al. Periodontal disease and atherosclerotic vascular disease: does the evidence support an independent association?: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2012;125:2520–2544.
- Rydén L, Buhlin K, Ekstrand E, et al. Periodontitis increases the risk of a first myocardial infarction: a report from the PAROKRANK study. Circulation. 2016;133:576–583.
- Stewart R, West M. Increasing evidence for an association between periodontitis and cardiovascular disease. Circulation. 2016;133:549–551.