Myocardial infarction with non obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA): a whole new ball game

References

• Agewall S, Beltrame JF, Reynolds HR, et al. WG on Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy. ESC working group position paper on myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries. Eur Heart J. 2016 Apr 28. pii: ehw149. [Epub ahead of print].
   Google Scholar
• Thygesen K, Alpert JS, Jaffe AS, et al. Third universal definition of myocardial infarction. Circulation. 2012;126:2020–2035.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beltrame JF. Assessing patients with myocardial infarction and nonobstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA). J Intern Med. 2013;273:182–185.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pasupathy S, Air T, Dreyer RP, et al. Systematic review of patients presenting with suspected myocardial infarction and nonobstructive coronary arteries. Circulation. 2015 Mar 10;131(10):861–870. Epub 2015 Jan 13. Review. Erratum in: Circulation. 2015 May 12;131(19): e475. DOI:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.011201
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DeWood MA, Spores J, Notske R, et al. Prevalence of total coronary occlusion during the early hours of transmural myocardialinfarction. N Engl J Med. 1980;303:897–902.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DeWood MA, Stifter WF, Simpson CS, et al. Coronary arteriographic findings soon after non-Q-wave myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med. 1986;315:417–423.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lanza GA, Careri G, Stazi A, et al. Clinical spectrum and outcome of patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome and no obstructive coronary atherosclerosis. Circ J. 2016 Jun 24;80(7):1600–1606. Epub 2016 May 27. DOI:10.1253/circj.CJ-16-0145
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reynolds HR1, Srichai MB, Iqbal SN, et al. Mechanisms of myocardial infarction in women without angiographically obstructive coronary artery disease. Circulation. 2011 Sep 27;124(13):1414–1425. Epub 2011 Sep 6.. DOI:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.026542
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kanwar SS, Stone GW, Singh M, et al. Acute coronary syndromes without coronary plaque rupture. Nat Rev Cardiol. 2016 May;13(5):257–265.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burke AP, Kolodgie FD, Farb A, et al. Morphological predictors of arterial remodeling in coronary atherosclerosis. Circulation. 2002;105:297–303.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iqbal SN, Feit F, Mancini GB, et al. Characteristics of plaque disruption by intravascular ultrasound in women presenting with myocardial infarction without obstructive coronary artery disease. Am Heart J. 2014 May;167(5):715–722. Epub 2014 Feb 26. DOI:10.1016/j.ahj.2014.01.011
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hattori K, Ozaki Y, Ismail TF, et al. Impact of statin therapy on plaque characteristics as assessed by serial OCT, grayscale and integrated backscatter-IVUS. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2012 Feb;5(2):169–177.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jia H, Abtahian F, Aguirre AD, et al. In vivo diagnosis of plaque erosion and calcified nodule in patients with acute coronary syndrome by intravascular optical coherence tomography. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013;62(19):1748–1758.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yoshinori M. Plaque characteristics of thin-cap fibroatheroma evaluated by OCT and IVUS. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2011;4:6.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roffi M, Patrono C, Collet JP, et al. ESC guidelines for the management of acute coronary syndromes in patients presenting without persistent ST-segment elevation. Rev Esp Cardiol (Engl Ed). 2015 Dec;68(12):1125.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Libby P, Pasterkamp G. Requiem for the ‘vulnerable plaque’. Eur Heart J. 2015 Nov 14;36(43):2984–2987. Epub 2015 Jul 22. Review. DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehv349
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hung MJ, Hu P, Hung MY. Coronary artery spasm: review and update. Int J Med Sci. 2014 Aug 28;11(11):1161–1171. 9623.eCollection 2014. Review. DOI:10.7150/ijms.9623
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Odaka Y, Takahashi J, Tsuburaya R, et al. Plasma concentration of serotonin is a novel biomarker for coronary microvascular dysfunction in patients with suspected angina and unobstructive coronary arteries. Eur Heart J. 2016 Oct 2; PMID:27694191. DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehw448
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rey F, Mock S, Frei A, et al. Vasospastic angina: a forgotten acute coronary syndrome and the usefulness of twelve-lead electrocardiogram monitoring in diagnosis. Int J Cardiol. 2016 Aug 7;223: 46–47. DOI:10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.08.049
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oshima S, Yasue H, Ogawa H, et al. Fibrinopeptide A is released into the coronary circulation after coronary spasm. Circulation. 1990 Dec;82(6):2222–2225.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ong P, Athanasiadis A, Hill S, et al. Coronary artery spasm as a frequent cause of acute coronary syndrome: the CASPAR (coronary artery spasm in patients with acute coronary syndrome) study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2008 Aug 12;52(7):523–527.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beltrame JF, Crea F, Kaski JC, et al. Coronary Vasomotion Disorders International Study group (COVADIS). Eur Heart J. 2015 Aug 4. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehv351
   Google Scholar
• Okumura K, Yasue H, Matsuyama K, et al. Sensitivity and specificity of intracoronary injection of acetylcholine for the induction of coronary artery spasm. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1988;12:883–888.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takagi Y, Yasuda S, Takahashi J, et al., Japanese Coronary Spasm Association. Clinical implications of provocation tests for coronary artery spasm: safety, arrhythmic complications, and prognostic impact: multicentre registry study of the Japanese coronary spasm association. Eur Heart J. 2013 Jan;34(4):258–267. Epub 2012 Jul 10. DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehs199
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of patients with vasospastic angina (Coronary Spastic Angina) (JCS 2013). JCS Joint Working Group. Circ J. 2014;78(11):2779–2801. Epub 2014 Sep 30
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stéphane N, David C, Haran B. Malignant arrhythmia associated with chest pain and a diagnosis of myocarditis. Cardiovasc Med. 2011;14(1):27–28.
   Google Scholar
• Wang A, Athan E, Pappas PA, et al. Contemporary clinical profile and outcome of prosthetic valve endocarditis. Jama. 2007;297:1354–1361.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Virk HU, Inayat F, Farooq S, et al. Prosthetic aortic valve endocarditis with left main coronary artery embolism: a case report and review of the literature. North Am J Med Sci. 2016;8:259–262.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sato H, Tateishi H, Dote K, et al. Tako-tsubo-like left ventricular dysfunction due to multivessel coronary spasm. In: Kodama K, Haze K, Hori M, editors. Clinical aspect of myocardial injury: from ischemia to heart failure. Tokyo: Kagakuhyoronsha Publishing Co; 1990. p. 56–64.
   Google Scholar
• Scantlebury DC, Prasad A. Diagnosis of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy. Circ J. 2014;78(9):2129–2139. Epub 2014 Aug 13.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gianni M, Dentali F, Grandi AM, et al. Apical ballooning syndrome or takotsubo cardiomyopathy: a systematic review. Eur Heart J. 2006 Jul;27(13):1523–1529. Epub 2006 May 23.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Plácido R, Cunha Lopes B, Almeida AG, et al. The role of cardiovascular magnetic resonance in takotsubo syndrome. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2016 Oct 12;18(1):68. Review. PMID: 27729054
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lindsay J, Paixao A, Chao T, et al. Pathogenesis of the Takotsubo syndrome: a unifying hypothesis. Am J Cardiol. 2010 Nov 1;106(9):1360–1363. DOI:10.1016/j.amjcard.2010.06.068
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brolin EB, Brismar TB, Collste O, et al. Prevalence of myocardial bridging in patients with myocardial infarction and nonobstructed coronary Arteries. Am J Cardiol. 2015 Dec 15;116(12):1833–1839. Epub 2015 Oct 3. DOI:10.1016/j.amjcard.2015.09.017
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakagawa H, Morikawa Y, Mizuno Y, et al. Coronary spasm preferentially occurs at branch points: an angiographic comparison with atherosclerotic plaque. Circ Cardiovasc Interv. 2009;2:97–104.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tornvall P, Gerbaud E, Behaghel A, et al. Myocarditis or”true” infarction by cardiac magnetic resonance in patients with a clinical diagnosis of myocardial infarction without obstructive coronary disease: a meta-analysis of individual patient data. Atherosclerosis. 2015 Jul;241(1):87–91. Epub 2015 May 1. DOI:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.04.816
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pasupathy S, Tavella R, Beltrame JF. The what, when, who, why, how and where of Myocardial Infarction with Non-Obstructive Coronary Arteries (MINOCA). Circ J. 2016;80(1):11–16. Review. DOI:10.1253/circj.CJ-15-1096
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Niccoli G, Scalone G, Crea F. Acute myocardial infarction with no obstructive coronary atherosclerosis: mechanisms and management. Eur Heart J. 2015 Feb 21;36(8):475–481. Epub 2014 Dec 18. Review. DOI:10.1093/eurheartj/ehu469
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maddox TM, Stanislawski MA, Grunwald GK, et al. Nonobstructive coronary artery disease and risk of myocardial infarction. JAMA. 2014 Nov 5;312(17):1754–1763. PMID: 25369489. DOI:10.1001/jama.2014.14681
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stone GW, Maehara A, Lansky AJ, et al., PROSPECT Investigators. A prospective natural-history study of coronary atherosclerosis. N Engl J Med. 2011 Jan 20;364(3):226–235. Erratum in: N Engl J Med. 2011 Nov 24; 365(21):2040.PMID: 21247313. DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa1002358
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rossini R, Capodanno D, Lettieri C, et al. Long-term outcomes of patients with acute coronary syndrome and nonobstructive coronary artery disease. Am J Cardiol. 2013 Jul 15;112(2):150–155. DOI:10.1016/j.amjcard.2013.03.006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar