Management of patients with concomitant coronary and carotid artery disease

References

• Tanimoto S, Ikari Y, Tanabe K, et al. Prevalence of carotid artery stenosis in patients with coronary artery disease in Japanese population. Stroke. 2005;36:2094–2098.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kallikazaros I, Tsioufis C, Sideris S, et al. Carotid artery disease as a marker for the presence of severe coronary artery disease in patients evaluated for chest pain. Stroke. 1999;30:1002–1007.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steinvil A, Sadeh B, Arbel Y, et al. Prevalence and predictors of concomitant carotid and coronary artery atherosclerotic disease. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011;57:779–783.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qureshi AI, Alexandrov AV, Tegeler CH, et al. Guidelines for screening of extracranial carotid artery disease: a Statement for healthcare professionals from the multidisciplinary practice guidelines committee of the American Society of Neuroimaging; cosponsored by the Society of Vascular and Interventional Neurology. J Neuroimaging. 2007;17:19–47.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aboyans V, Lacroix P. Indications for carotid screening in patients with coronary artery disease. Presse Med. 2009;38:977–986.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin JC, Kabbani LS, Peterson EL, et al. Clinical utility of carotid duplex ultrasound prior to cardiac surgery. J Vasc Surg. 2016;63:710–714.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwartz LB, Bridgman AH, Kieffer RW, et al. Asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis and stroke in patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass. J Vasc Surg. 1995;21:146–153.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ricotta JJ, Faggioli GL, Castilone A, et al. Risk factors for stroke after cardiac surgery: Buffalo Cardiac-Cerebral Study Group. J Vasc Surg. 1995;21: 359–363. discussion 364.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berens ES, Kouchoukos NT, Murphy SF, et al. Preoperative carotid artery screening in elderly patients undergoing cardiac surgery. J Vasc Surg. 1992;15: 313–321. discussion 322–3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salasidis GC, Latter DA, Steinmetz OK, et al. Carotid artery duplex scanning in preoperative assessment for coronary artery revascularization: the association between peripheral vascular disease, carotid artery stenosis, and stroke. J Vasc Surg. 1995;21: 154–160. discussion 161–2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brener BJ, Brief DK, Alpert J, et al. A four-year experience with preoperative noninvasive carotid evaluation of two thousand twenty-six patients undergoing cardiac surgery. J Vasc Surg. 1984;1:326–338.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mathiesen EB, Joakimsen O, Bønaa KH. Prevalence of and risk factors associated with carotid artery stenosis: the Tromsø Study. Cerebrovasc Dis. 2001;12:44–51.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raitakari OT, Juonala M, Kähönen M, et al. cardiovascular risk factors in childhood and carotid artery intima-media thickness in adulthood. JAMA. 2003;290:2277.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Juo S-H-H. Genetics of carotid atherosclerosis. Front Biosci (Landmark Ed). 2009;14:4525–4534.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lan M-Y, Chang -Y-Y, Chen W-H, et al. Association between MIF gene polymorphisms and carotid artery atherosclerosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2013;435:319–322.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yamazaki M, Uchiyama S. Pathophysiology of carotid stenosis. Brain Nerve. 2010;62:1269–1275.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Naghavi M, Libby P, Falk E, et al. From vulnerable plaque to vulnerable patient. Circulation. 2003;108:1664–1672.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aboyans V, Ricco J-B, Bartelink M-LE-L, et al. 2017 ESC guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of peripheral arterial diseases, in collaboration with the European Society for Vascular Surgery (ESVS). Eur Heart J. 2018;39:763–816. Narnia.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Libby P. current concepts of the pathogenesis of the acute coronary syndromes. Circulation. 2001;104: 365–372. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bucerius J, Duivenvoorden R, Mani V, et al. Prevalence and risk factors of carotid vessel wall inflammation in coronary artery disease patients. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2011;4:1195–1205.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim S, Lee S, Kim JB, et al. Concurrent carotid inflammation in acute coronary syndrome as assessed by 18F-FDG PET/CT: a possible mechanistic link for ischemic stroke. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2015;24:2547–2554.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Toutouzas K, Benetos G, Drakopoulou M, et al. Morphological and functional assessment of carotid plaques have similar predictive accuracy for coronary artery disease. Stroke. 2013;44:2607–2609.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ku DN, Giddens DP, Zarins CK, et al. Pulsatile flow and atherosclerosis in the human carotid bifurcation. Positive correlation between plaque location and low oscillating shear stress. Arteriosclerosis. 1985;5:293–302.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zarins CK, Giddens DP, Bharadvaj BK, et al. Carotid bifurcation atherosclerosis. Quantitative correlation of plaque localization with flow velocity profiles and wall shear stress. Circ Res. 1983;53:502–514.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lind L, Andersson J, Larsson A, et al. Shear stress in the common carotid artery is related to both intima-media thickness and echogenecity. The prospective investigation of the vasculature in uppsala seniors study. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc. 2009;43:299–308.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Roach GW, Kanchuger M, Mangano CM, et al. Adverse cerebral outcomes after coronary bypass surgery. N Engl J Med. 1996;335:1857–1864.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blauth CI, Cosgrove DM, Webb BW, et al. Atheroembolism from the ascending aorta. An emerging problem in cardiac surgery. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1992;103:1104–1111. discussion 1111–2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blauth CI. Macroemboli and microemboli during cardiopulmonary bypass. Ann Thorac Surg. 1995;59:1300–1303.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fichet J, de Labriolle A, Giraudeau B, et al. Reducing risk of stroke in patients with acute coronary syndrome: is screening for asymptomatic carotid disease useful? Heart Vessels. 2008;23:397–402.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• D’Agostino RS, Svensson LG, Neumann DJ, et al. Screening carotid ultrasonography and risk factors for stroke in coronary artery surgery patients. Ann Thorac Surg. 1996;62:1714–1723.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shirani S, Boroumand MA, Abbasi SH, et al. Preoperative carotid artery screening in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Arch Med Res. 2006;37:987–990.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen WH, Ho DS, Ho SL, et al. Prevalence of extracranial carotid and vertebral artery disease in Chinese patients with coronary artery disease. Stroke. 1998;29:631–634.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chambless LE, Heiss G, Folsom AR, et al. Association of coronary heart disease incidence with carotid arterial wall thickness and major risk factors: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study, 1987–1993. Am J Epidemiol. 1997;146:483–494.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hillis LD, Smith PK, Anderson JL, et al. 2011 ACCF/AHA guideline for coronary artery bypass graft surgery: executive summary. Circulation. 2011;124:2610–2642.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Naylor AR, Ricco J-B, de Borst GJ, et al. Editor’s choice – management of atherosclerotic carotid and vertebral artery disease: 2017 clinical practice guidelines of the European Society for Vascular Surgery (ESVS). Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2018;55:3–81.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Illuminati G, Ricco J-B, Caliò F, et al. Short-term results of a randomized trial examining timing of carotid endarterectomy in patients with severe asymptomatic unilateral carotid stenosis undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. J Vasc Surg. 2011;54:993–999.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brott TG, Halperin JL, Abbara S, et al. 2011 ASA/ACCF/AHA/AANN/AANS/ACR/ASNR/CNS/SAIP/SCAI/SIR/SNIS/SVM/SVS guideline on the management of patients with extracranial carotid and vertebral artery disease: executive summary. Vasc Med. 2011;16:35–77.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Borger MA, Fremes SE, Weisel RD, et al. Coronary bypass and carotid endarterectomy: does a combined approach increase risk? A metaanalysis. Ann Thorac Surg. 1999;68:14–20. discussion 21.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Naylor AR, Cuffe RL, Rothwell PM, et al. A systematic review of outcomes following staged and synchronous carotid endarterectomy and coronary artery bypass. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2003;25:380–389.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharma V, Deo SV, Park SJ, et al. Meta-analysis of staged versus combined carotid endarterectomy and coronary artery bypass grafting. Ann Thorac Surg. 2014;97:102–109.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fareed KR, Rothwell PM, Mehta Z, et al. Synchronous carotid endarterectomy and off-pump coronary bypass: an updated, systematic review of early outcomes. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2009;37:375–378.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mishra Y, Wasir H, Kohli V, et al. Concomitant carotid endarterectomy and coronary bypass surgery: outcome of on-pump and off-pump techniques. Ann Thorac Surg. 2004;78:2037–2042.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Akins CW, Hilgenberg AD, Vlahakes GJ, et al. Late results of combined carotid and coronary surgery using actual versus actuarial methodology. Ann Thorac Surg. 2005;80:2091–2097.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kolh PH, Comte L, Tchana-Sato V, et al. Concurrent coronary and carotid artery surgery: factors influencing perioperative outcome and long-term results. Eur Heart J. 2006;27:49–56.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brow TD, Kakkar VV, Pepper JR, et al. Toward a rational management of concomitant carotid and coronary artery disease. J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino). 1999;40:837–844.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gaudino M, Glieca F, Alessandrini F, et al. Individualized surgical strategy for the reduction of stroke risk in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. Ann Thorac Surg. 1999;67:1246–1253.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Plestis KA, Ke S, Jiang ZD, et al. Combined carotid endarterectomy and coronary artery bypass: immediate and long-term results. Ann Vasc Surg. 1999;13:84–92.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaul TK, Fields BL, Riggins LS, et al. Coexistent coronary and cerebrovascular disease: results of simultaneous surgical management in specific patient groups. Cardiovasc Surg. 2000;8:355–365.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Khaitan L, Sutter FP, Goldman SM, et al. Simultaneous carotid endarterectomy and coronary revascularization. Ann Thorac Surg. 2000;69:421–424.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Naylor R, Cuffe RL, Rothwell PM, et al. A systematic review of outcome following synchronous carotid endarterectomy and coronary artery bypass: influence of surgical and patient variables. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2003;26:230–241.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dubinsky RM, Lai SM. Mortality from combined carotid endarterectomy and coronary artery bypass surgery in the US. Neurology. 2007;68:195–197.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Timaran CH, Rosero EB, Smith ST, et al. Trends and outcomes of concurrent carotid revascularization and coronary bypass. J Vasc Surg. 2008;48:355–361.e1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gopaldas RR, Chu D, Dao TK, et al. staged versus synchronous carotid endarterectomy and coronary artery bypass grafting: analysis of 10-year nationwide outcomes. Ann Thorac Surg. 2011;91:1323–1329.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Das SK, Brow TD, Pepper J. Continuing controversy in the management of concomitant coronary and carotid disease: an overview. Int J Cardiol. 2000;74:47–65.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knur R. Carotid artery stenting: a systematic review of randomized clinical trials. Vasa. 2009;38:281–291.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lal BK, Brott TG. The carotid revascularization endarterectomy vs. stenting trial completes randomization: lessons learned and anticipated results. J Vasc Surg. 2009;50:1224–1231.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mantese VA, Timaran CH, Chiu D, et al., CREST Investigators. the carotid revascularization endarterectomy versus stenting trial (CREST): stenting versus carotid endarterectomy for carotid disease. Stroke. 2010;41:S31–4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paraskevas KI, Nduwayo S, Saratzis AN, et al. Carotid stenting prior to coronary bypass surgery: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2017;53:309–319.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shishehbor MH, Venkatachalam S, Sun Z, et al. A direct comparison of early and late outcomes with three approaches to carotid revascularization and open heart surgery. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013;62:1948–1956.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liapis CD, Bell SPRF, Mikhailidis D, et al. ESVS guidelines. Invasive treatment for carotid stenosis: indications, techniques. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2009;37:1–19.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mendiz OA, Fava CM, Lev GA, et al. Hybrid strategy for unstable patients with severe carotid and cardiac disease requiring surgery. Cardiol J. 2015;22:25–30.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guerra M, Mota JC, Veloso M, et al. Combined carotid stenting and urgent coronary artery surgery in unstable angina patients with severe carotid stenosis. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg. 2009;9:278–281.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chiti E, Troisi N, Marek J, et al. Combined carotid and cardiac surgery: improving the results. Ann Vasc Surg. 2010;24:794–800.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lamy A, Devereaux PJ, Prabhakaran D, et al. Off-pump or on-pump coronary-artery bypass grafting at 30 days. N Engl J Med. 2012;366:1489–1497.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li Y, Walicki D, Mathiesen C, et al. Strokes after cardiac surgery and relationship to carotid stenosis. Arch Neurol. 2009;66:1091–1096.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Naylor AR, Mehta Z, Rothwell PM, et al. Carotid artery disease and stroke during coronary artery bypass: acritical review of the literature. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2002;23:283–294.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Don CW, House J, White C, et al. Carotid revascularization immediately before urgent cardiac surgery. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2011;4:1200–1208.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Serruys PW, Morice M-C, Kappetein AP, et al. Percutaneous coronary intervention versus coronary-artery bypass grafting for severe coronary artery disease. N Engl J Med. 2009;360:961–972.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stone GW, Sabik JF, Serruys PW, et al. Everolimus-eluting stents or bypass surgery for left main coronary artery disease. N Engl J Med. 2016;375:2223–2235. Massachusetts Medical Society.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mäkikallio T, Holm NR, Lindsay M, et al. Percutaneous coronary angioplasty versus coronary artery bypass grafting in treatment of unprotected left main stenosis (NOBLE): a prospective, randomised, open-label, non-inferiority trial. Lancet. 2016;388:2743–2752.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar