P2Y12 inhibitors for the treatment of acute coronary syndrome patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: current understanding and outcomes

References

• Alexopoulos D, Xenogiannis I, Vlachakis P, et al. Peri-procedural platelet reactivity in percutaneous coronary intervention. Thromb Haemost. 2018;118:1131–1140.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silvain J, Collet JP, Nagaswami C, et al. Composition of coronary thrombus in acute myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011;57:1359–1367.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heestermans AA, van Werkum JW, Zwart B, et al. Acute and subacute stent thrombosis after primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: incidence, predictors and clinical outcome. J Thromb Haemost. 2010;8:2385–2393.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heestermans AA, van Werkum JW, Taubert D, et al. Impaired bioavailability of clopidogrel in patients with a ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Thromb Res. 2008;122:776–781.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alexopoulos D, Xanthopoulou I, Gkizas V, et al. Randomized assessment of ticagrelor versus prasugrel antiplatelet effects in patients with ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction. Circ Cardiovasc Interv. 2012;5:797–804.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parodi G, Valenti R, Bellandi B, et al. Comparison of prasugrel and ticagrelor loading doses in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients: RAPID (rapid activity of platelet inhibitor drugs) primary PCI study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013;61:1601–1606.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alexopoulos D, Bhatt DL, Hamm CW, et al. Early P2Y12 inhibition in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: bridging the gap. Am Heart J. 2015;170:3–12.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Antman EM, Wiviott SD, Murphy SA, et al. Early and late benefits of prasugrel in patients with acute coronary syndromes undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: a TRITON-TIMI 38 (TRial to assess improvement in therapeutic outcomes by optimizing platelet inhibition with prasugrel-thrombolysis in myocardial infarction) analysis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2008;51:2028–2033.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Montalescot G, Wiviott SD, Braunwald E, et al. Prasugrel compared with clopidogrel in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-elevation myocardial infarction (TRITONTIMI 38): double-blind, randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2009;373:723–731.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Velders MA, Abtan J, Angiolillo DJ, et al. Safety and efficacy of ticagrelor and clopidogrel in primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Heart. 2016;102:617–625.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Motovska Z, Hlinomaz O, Kala P, et al. PRAGUE-18 study group. 1-Year outcomes of patients undergoing primary angioplasty for myocardial infarction treated with prasugrel versus ticagrelor. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018;71:371–381.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rafique AM, Nayyar P, Wang TY, et al. Optimal P2Y12 inhibitor in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervntion: a network meta-analysis. J Am Coll Cardiol Intv. 2016;9:1036–1046.
   Google Scholar
• Cuisset T, Capodanno D, Wijns W. Optimal P2Y12 inhibitor for primary percutaneous coronary intervention in st-segment elevation myocardial infarction: network meta-analysis in the data-freezone: do you believe in magic? JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2016;9:1047–1050.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Schüpke S, Neumann FJ, Menichelli M, et al. ISAR-REACT 5 trial investigators. Ticagrelor or prasugrel in patients with acute coronary syndromes. N Engl J Med. 2019 Sep 1 Epub ahead of print. DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa1908973.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sun J, Xiang Q, Li C, et al. Efficacy and safety of novel oral p2y12 receptor inhibitors in patients with st-segment elevation myocardial infarction undergoing PCI: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2017;69:215–227.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bellemain-Appaix A, Bégué C, Bhatt DL, et al. The efficacy of early versus delayed P2Y12 inhibition in percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a systematic review and meta-analysis. EuroIntervention. 2018;14:78–85.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ibanez B, James S, Agewall S, et al.; ESC Scientific Document Group. 2017 ESC guidelines for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation: the task force for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J. 2018;39:119–177.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O’Gara PT, Kushner FG, Ascheim DD, et al. 2013 ACCF/AHA guideline for the management of ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a report of the American college of cardiology foundation/American heart association task force on practice guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013;61:e78–e140.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rakowski T, Siudak Z, Dziewierz A, et al. Contemporary use of P2Y12 inhibitors in patients with STsegment elevation myocardial infarction referred to primary percutaneous coronary interventions in Poland: data from ORPKI national registry. J Thromb Thrombolysis. 2018;45:151–157.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Capodanno D, Angiolillo DJ. Pretreatment with antiplatelet drugs in invasively managed patients with coronary artery disease in the contemporary era: review of the evidence and practice guidelines. Circ Cardiovasc Interv. 2015;8(3):e002301.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Montalescot G, Bolognese L, Dudek D, et al. ACCOAST investigators. Pretreatment with prasugrel in non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes. N Engl J Med. 2013;369:999–1010.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neumann FJ, Sousa-Uva M, Ahlsson A, et al. ESC scientific document group. 2018 ESC/EACTS guidelines on myocardial revascularization. Eur Heart J. 2019;7(40):87–165.
   Google Scholar
• Badri M, Abdelbaky A, Li S, et al. Precatheterization use of P2Y12 Inhibitors in non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients undergoing early cardiac catheterization and in-hospital coronary artery bypass grafting: insights from the national cardiovascular data registry. J Am Heart Assoc. 2017;6(9):pii: e006508.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bhatt DL, Pollack CV, Weitz JI, et al. Antibody-based ticagrelor reversal agent in healthy volunteers. N Engl J Med. 2019;380:1825–1833.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Montalescot G, van ‘t Hof AW, Lapostolle F, et al. ATLANTIC investigators. Prehospital ticagrelor in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med. 2014;371:1016–1027.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silvain J, Storey RF, Cayla G, et al. P2Y12 receptor inhibition and effect of morphine in patients undergoing primary PCI for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. The PRIVATE-ATLANTIC study. Thromb Haemost. 2016;116:369–378.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koul S, Smith JG, Gotberg M, et al. No benefit of ticagrelor pretreatment compared with treatment during percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Circ Cardiovasc Interv. 2018;11:3.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Redfors B, Dworeck C, Haraldsson I, et al. Pretreatment with P2Y12 receptor antagonists in ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a report from the Swedish coronary angiography and angioplasty registry. Eur Heart J. 2019;40:1202–1210.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abtan J, Steg PG. Pre-treatment with a P2Y12 antagonist before PCI in STEMI: why should we wait? Eur Heart J. 2019;40:1211–1213.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Giannopoulos G, Deftereos S, Kolokathis F, et al. P2Y12 receptor antagonists and morphine: a dangerous liaison? Circ Cardiovasc Interv. 2016;9(9):pii: e004229.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hobl EL, Stimpfl T, Ebner J, et al. Morphine decreases clopidogrel concentrations and effects: arandomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;63:630–635.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parodi G, Bellandi B, Xanthopoulou I, et al. Morphine is associated with a delayed activity of oral antiplatelet agents in patients with ST-elevation acute myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Circ Cardiovasc Interv. 2015;8. DOI:10.1161/circinterventions.114.001593.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lapostolle F, Van’t Hof AW, Hamm CW, et al. ATLANTICInvestigators. morphine and ticagrelor interaction in primary percutaneous coronary intervention in st-segment elevation myocardial infarction: ATLANTIC-Morphine. Am J Cardiovasc Drugs. 2019;19:173–183.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Farag M, Spinthakis N, Srinivasan M, et al. Morphine analgesia pre-PPCI is associated with prothombotic state, reduced spontaneous reperfusion and greater infarct size. Thromb Haemost. 2018;118:601–612.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kubica J, Adamski P, Ostrowska M, et al. Morphine delays and attenuates ticagrelor exposure and action in patients with myocardial infarction: the randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled IMPRESSION trial. Eur Heart J. 2015;37:245–252.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Puymirat E, Lamhaut L, Bonnet N, et al. Correlates of pre-hospital morphine use in ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients and its association with in-hospital outcomes and long-term mortality: the FAST-MI(French registry of acute ST-elevation and non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction) programme. Eur Heart J. 2016;37:1063–1071.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bonin M, Mewton N, Roubille F, et al. CIRCUS study investigators. effect and safety of morphine use in acute anterior ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. J Am Heart Assoc. 2018;7(4):pii: e006833.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holm M, Tornvall P, Henareh L, et al. The MOVEMENT trial. J Am Heart Assoc. 2019 Jan 22;8(2):e010152..
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Franchi F, Rollini F, Park Y. Effects of methylnaltrexone on ticagrelor-induced antiplatelet effects in coronary artery disease patients treated with morphine. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2019;12:1538–1549.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sikora J, Niezgoda P, Barańska M, et al. METoclopramide administration as a strategy to overcome MORPHine-ticagrelOr interaction in patients with unstable angina pectoris-the METAMORPHOSIS trial. Thromb Haemost. 2018;118:2126–2133.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alexopoulos D, Dragasis S, Kafkas N. Loading with oral P2Y12 receptor inhibitors: to crush or not to crush? Thromb Haemost. 2019;119:1037–1047.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parodi G, Xanthopoulou I, Bellandi B, et al. Ticagrelor crushed tablets administration in STEMI patients: the MOJITO study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2015;65:511–512.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alexopoulos D, Barampoutis N, Gkizas V, et al. Crushed versus integral tablets of ticagrelor in st-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients: a randomized pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic study. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2016;55:359–367.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rollini F, Franchi F, Hu J, et al. Crushed prasugrel tablets in patients with STEMI undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention: the CRUSH study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016;67:1994–2004.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tavenier AH, Hermanides RS, Ottervanger JP, et al. A randomised, investigator-initiated, clinical trial of the effects of fentanyl on P2Y12-receptor inhibition in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction who are pre-treated with crushed ticagrelor: rationale and design of the opioids aNd crushed ticagrelor in myocardial infarction evaluation (ON-TIME 3) trial. Neth Heart J. 2019;27:185–190.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ratcovich H, Sadjadieh G, Andersson HB, et al. The effect of TIcagrelor administered through a nasogastric tube to COMAtose patients undergoing acute percutaneous coronary intervention: the TICOMA study. EuroIntervention. 2017;12:1782–1788.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tilemann LM, Stiepak J, Zelniker T, et al. Efficacy of enteral ticagrelor in hypothermic patients after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Clin Res Cardiol. 2016;105:332–340.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Niezgoda P, Sikora J, Barańska M, et al. Crushed sublingual versus oral ticagrelor administration strategies in patients with unstable angina. A pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic study. Thromb Haemost. 2017;117:718–726.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Asher E, Frydman S, Katz M, et al. For the PLATIS (Platelets and Thrombosis in Sheba) study group. Chewing versus swallowing ticagrelor to accelerate platelet inhibition in acute coronary syndrome - the CHEERS study. Thromb Haemost. 2017;117:727–733.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Asher E, Tal S, Mazin I, et al. Effect of chewing vs swallowing ticagrelor on platelet inhibition in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Cardiol. 2017;2:1380–1384.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Serenelli M, Pavasini R, Vitali F, et al. Efficacy and safety of alternative oral administrations of P2Y12-receptor inhibitors: systematic review and meta-analysis. J Thromb Haemost. 2019;17:944–950.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Akers WS, Oh JJ, Oestreich JH, et al. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of a bolus and infusion of cangrelor: adirect, parenteral P2Y12 receptor antagonist. J Clin Pharmacol. 2010;50:27–35.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bhatt DL, Stone GW, Mahaffey KW, et al. CHAMPION PHOENIX investigators. effect of platelet inhibition with cangrelor during PCI on ischemic events. N Engl J Med. 2013;368:1303–1313.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alexopoulos D, Pappas C, Sfantou D, et al. Cangrelor in percutaneous coronary intervention: current status and perspectives. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther. 2018;23:13–22.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stone GW, Généreux P, Harrington RA, et al. Impact of lesion complexity on peri-procedural adverse events and the benefit of potent intravenous platelet adenosine diphosphate receptor inhibition after percutaneous coronary intervention: core laboratory analysis from 10 854 patients from the CHAMPION PHOENIX trial. Eur Heart J. 2018;39:4112–4121.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Vaduganathan M, Harrington RA, Stone GW, et al. Evaluation of ischemic and bleeding risks associated with 2 parenteral antiplatelet strategies comparing cangrelor with glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibitors: an exploratory analysis from the CHAMPION trials. JAMA Cardiol. 2017;2:127–135.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Angiolillo DJ, Rollini F, Storey RF, et al. International expert consensus on switching platelet P2Y12 receptor-inhibiting therapies. Circulation. 2017;136:1955–1975.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alexopoulos D, Pappas C, Sfantou D, et al. Cangrelor in ticagrelor-loaded STEMI patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018;72:1750–1751.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Franchi F, Rollini F, Rivas A, et al. Platelet inhibition with cangrelor and crushed ticagrelor in patients with st-segment-elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Circulation. 2019;139:1661–1670.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grimfjärd P, Lagerqvist B, Erlinge D, et al. Clinical use of cangrelor: nationwide experience from the Swedish Coronary Angiography and Angioplasty Registry (SCAAR). Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Pharmacother. 2019;5:151–157.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alexopoulos D, Perperis A, Koniari I, et al. Ticagrelor versus high dose clopidogrel in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients with high platelet reactivity post fibrinolysis. J Thromb Thrombolysis. 2015;40:261–267.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dehghani P, Lavoie A, Lavi S, et al. Effects of ticagrelor versus clopidogrel on platelet function in fibrinolytic-treated STEMI patients undergoing early PCI. Am Heart J. 2017;192:105–112.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guimarães LF, Généreux P, Silveira D, et al. P2Y12 receptor inhibition with prasugrel and ticagrelor in STEMI patients after fibrinolytic therapy: analysis from the SAMPA randomized trial. Int J Cardiol. 2017;230:204–208.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berwanger O, Nicolau JC, Carvalho AC, et al. TREAT study group. Ticagrelor vs clopidogrel after fibrinolytic therapy in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Cardiol. 2018;3:391–399.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berwanger O, Lopes RD, Moia DDF, et al. Ticagrelor versus clopidogrel in patients with STEMI treated with fibrinolysis: TREAT trial. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2019;73:2819–2828.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kheiri B, Osman M, Abdalla A, et al. Ticagrelor versus clopidogrel after fibrinolytic therapy in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. J Thromb Thrombolysis. 2018;46:299–303.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Valgimigli M, Bueno H, Byrne RA, et al. ESC scientific document group; ESC committee for practice guidelines (CPG); ESC national cardiac societies, 2017 ESC focused update on dual antiplatelet therapy in coronary artery disease developed in collaboration with EACTS: the task force for dual antiplatelet therapy in coronary artery disease of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and of the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS). Eur Heart J. 2018;39:213–260.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alexopoulos D, Lianos I, Vlachakis P, et al. De-escalation of treatment with oral P2Y12 receptor inhibitors: current status and perspectives. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther. 2019;24:304–314.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alexopoulos D, Xanthopoulou I, Deftereos S, et al. In-hospital switching of oral P2Y12 inhibitor treatment in patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: prevalence, predictors and short-term outcome. Am Heart J. 2014;167:68–76.e2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bagai A, Wang Y, Wang TY, et al. In-hospital switching between clopidogrel and prasugrel among patients with acute myocardial infarction treated with percutaneous coronary intervention: insights into contemporary practice from the national cardiovascular data registry. Circ Cardiovasc Interv. 2014;7:585–593.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zettler ME, Peterson ED, McCoy LA, et al. TRANSLATE-ACS investigators. Switching of adenosine diphosphate receptor inhibitor after hospital discharge among myocardial infarction patients: insights from the treatment with adenosine diphosphate receptor inhibitors: longitudinal assessment of treatment patterns and events after acute coronary syndrome (TRANSLATE-ACS) observational study. Am Heart J. 2017;183:62–68.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Angiolillo DJ, Patti G, Chan KT, et al. De-escalation from ticagrelor to clopidogrel in acute coronary syndrome patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Thromb Thrombolysis. 2019;48:1–10.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cuisset T, Deharo P, Quilici J, et al. Benefit of switching dual antiplatelet therapy after acute coronary syndrome: the TOPIC (timing of platelet inhibition after acute coronary syndrome) randomized study. Eur Heart J. 2017;38:3070–3078.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sibbing D, Aradi D, Jacobshagen C, et al. TROPICAL-ACS investigators. Guided de-escalation of antiplatelet treatment in patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (TROPICAL-ACS): a randomised, open-label, multicentre trial. Lancet. 2017;390(10104):1747–1757.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Luca L, D’Ascenzo F, Musumeci G, et al. Incidence and outcome of switching of oral platelet P2Y12 receptor inhibitors in patients with acute coronary syndromes undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: the SCOPE registry. EuroIntervention. 2017;13:459–466.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guo C, Li M, Lv YH, et al. De-escalation versus standard dual antiplatelet therapy in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Platelets. 2019 Feb 13:1–11. Epub ahead of print. DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2019.1574969
   Google Scholar
• Sibbing D, Aradi D, Alexopoulos D, et al. Updated expert consensus statement on platelet function and genetic testing for guiding P2Y12Receptor inhibitor treatment in percutaneous coronary intervention. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2019;12:1521–1537.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar