Chronic kidney disease and coronary atherosclerosis: evidences from intravascular imaging

References

• Culleton BF, Larson MG, Wilson PW, et al. Cardiovascular disease and mortality in a community-based cohort with mild renal insufficiency. Kidney Int. 1999;56:2214–2219.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levey AS, Beto JA, Coronado BE, et al. Controlling the epidemic of cardiovascular disease in chronic renal disease: what do we know? What do we need to learn? Where do we go from here? National kidney foundation task force on cardiovascular disease. Am J Kidney Dis. 1998;32:853–906.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muntner P, He J, Hamm L, et al. Renal insufficiency and subsequent death resulting from cardiovascular disease in the United States. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2002;13:745–753.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sarnak MJ, Levey AS, Schoolwerth AC, et al. Kidney disease as a risk factor for development of cardiovascular disease: a statement from the American Heart Association Councils on Kidney in cardiovascular disease, high blood pressure research, clinical cardiology, and epidemiology and prevention. Hypertension. 2003;42:1050–1065.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nicholls SJ, Tuzcu EM, Sipahi I, et al. Intravascular ultrasound in cardiovascular medicine. Circulation. 2006;114:e55–9.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kataoka Y, Uno K, Puri R, et al. Current imaging modalities for atherosclerosis. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther. 2012;10:457–471.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kataoka Y, Puri R, Nicholls SJ. Inflammation, plaque progression and vulnerability: evidence from intravascular ultrasound imaging. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther. 2015;5:280–289.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kataoka Y, Andrews J, Puri R, et al. Plaque burden, microstructures and compositions underachieving very low LDL-C levels. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 2017;24:122–132.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kataoka Y, Andrews J, Puri R, et al. Lipid lowering therapy to modify plaque microstructures. J Atheroscler Thromb. 2017;24:360–372.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kataoka Y, Puri R, Andrews J, et al. In vivo visualization of lipid coronary atheroma with intravascular near-infrared spectroscopy. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther. 2017;15:775–785.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crouthamel MH, Lau WL, Leaf EM, et al. Sodium dependent phosphate cotransporters and phosphate-induced calcification of vascular smooth muscle cells: redundant roles for PiT-1 and PiT-2. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2013;33:2625–2632.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cazaña-Pérez V, Cidad P, Donate-Correa J, et al. Phenotypic modulation of cultured primary human aortic vascular smooth muscle cells, by uremic serum. Front Physiol. 2018;9:89.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jono S, McKee MD, Murry CE, et al. Phosphate regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell calcification. Circ Res. 2000;87:E10–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jono S, Nishizawa Y, Shioi A, et al. 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 increases in vitro vascular calcification by modulating secretion of endogenous parathyroid hormone-related peptide. Circulation. 1998;98:1302–1306.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Swarthout JT, D’Alonzo RC, Selvamurugan N, et al. Parathyroid hormone-dependent signaling pathways regulating genes in bone cells. Gene. 2002;282:1–17.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiang B, Morimoto S, Yang J, et al. Expression of parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related protein receptor in vascular endothelial cells. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1998;31(Suppl 1):S142–4.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dalfino G, Simone S, Porreca S, et al. Bone morphogenetic protein 2 may represent the molecular link between oxidative stress and vascular stiffness in chronic kidney disease. Atherosclerosis. 2010;211:418–423.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mazière C, Savitsky V, Galmiche A, et al. Oxidized low density lipoprotein inhibits phosphate signaling and phosphate-induced mineralization in osteoblasts. Involvement of oxidative stress. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2010;1802:1013–1019.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Su X, Ao L, Shi Y, et al. Oxidized low density lipoprotein induces bone morphogenetic protein-2 in coronary artery endothelial cells via toll-like receptors 2 and 4. J Biol Chem. 2011;286:12213–12220.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bánfi B, Clark RA, Steger K, et al. Two novel proteins activate superoxide generation by the NADPH oxidase NOX1. J Biol Chem. 2003;278:3510–3513.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barrett H, O’Keeffe M, Kavanagh E, et al. Is matrix Gla protein associated with vascular calcification? A systematic review. Nutrients. 2018;10:pii: E415.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bjorklund G, Svanberg E, Dadar M, et al. The role of matrix Gla protein (MGP) in vascular calcification. Curr Med Chem. 2018 Jul 15.
   Google Scholar
• Kapustin AN, Davies JD, Reynolds JL, et al. Calcium regulates key components of vascular smooth muscle cell-derived matrix vesicles to enhance mineralization. Circ Res. 2011;109:e1–12.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rutsch F, Nitschke Y, Terkeltaub R. Genetics in arterial calcification: pieces of a puzzle and cogs in a wheel. Circ Res. 2011;109:578–592.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steitz SA, Speer MY, McKee MD, et al. Osteopontin inhibits mineral deposition and promote regression of ectopic calcification. Am J Pathol. 2002;161:2035–2046.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lok ZSY, Lyle AN. Osteopontin in vascular disease. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2019;39:613–622.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Campenhout A, Golledge J. Osteoprotegerin, vascular calcification and atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis. 2009;204:321–329.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lieb W, Gona P, Larson MG, et al. Biomarkers of the osteoprotegerin pathway: clinical correlates, subclinical disease, incident cardiovascular disease, and mortality. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2010;30:1849–1854.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jahnen-Dechent W, Heiss A, Schäfer C, et al. Fetuin A regulation of calcified matrix metabolism. Circ Res. 2011;108:1494–1509.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Westenfeld R, Schäfer C, Krüger T, et al. Fetuin-A protects against atherosclerotic calcification in CKD. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2009;20:1264–1274.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verduijn M, Prein RA, Stenvinkel P, et al. Is fetuin-A a mortality risk factor in dialysis patients or a mere risk marker? A Mendelian randomization approach. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2011;26:239–245.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aikawa E, Nahrendorf M, Figueiredo JL, et al. Osteogenesis associates with inflammation in early-stage atherosclerosis evaluated by molecular imaging in vivo. Circulation. 2007;116:2841–2850.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abdelbaky A, Corsini E, Figueroa AL, et al. Focal arterial inflamma- tion precedes subsequent calcification in the same location: a longitudinal FDG-PET/CT study. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2013;6:747–754.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vaziri ND, Pahl MV, Crum A, et al. Effect of uremia on structure and function of immune system. J Ren Nutr. 2012;22:149–156.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lim WH, Kireta S, Leedham E, et al. Uremia impairs monocyte and monocyte-derived dendritic cell function in hemodialysis patients. Kidney Int. 2007;72:1138–1148.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kisic B, Miric D, Dragojevic I, et al. Role of myeloperoxidase in patients with chronic kidney disease. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2016;2016:1069743.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Anderson JL, Gautier T, Nijstad N, et al. High density lipoprotein (HDL) particles from end-stage renal disease patients are defective in promoting reverse cholesterol transport. Sci Rep. 2017;7:41481.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosenson RS, Brewer HB Jr, Ansell BJ, et al. Dysfunctional HDL and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Nat Rev Cardiol. 2016;13:48–60.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shroff R, Speer T, Colin S, et al. HDL in children with CKD promotes endothelial dysfunction and an abnormal vascular phenotype. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2014;25:2658–2668.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Florens N, Calzada C, Lyasko E, et al. Modified lipids and lipoproteins in chronic kidney disease: a new class of uremic toxins. Toxins (Basel). 2016;8:376.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hopewell JC, Haynes R, Baigent C. The role of lipoprotein (a) in chronic kidney disease. J Lipid Res. 2018;59:577–585.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baber U, Stone GW, Weisz G, et al. Coronary plaque composition, morphology, and outcomes in patients with and without chronic kidney disease presenting with acute coronary syndromes. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2012;5(3 Suppl):S53–61.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nair A, Kuban BD, Tuzcu EM, et al. Coronary plaque classification with intravascular ultrasound radiofrequency data analysis. Circulation. 2002;106:2200–2206.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ohota M, Kawasaki M, Ismail TF, et al. A histological and clinical comparison of new and conventional integrated backscatter intravascular ultrasound (IB-IVUS). Circ J. 2012;76:1678–1686.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miyagi M, Ishii H, Murakami R, et al. Impact of renal function on coronary plaque composition. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2010;25:175–181.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Low AF, Teaney GJ, Bouma BE, et al. Technology insight: optical coherence tomography-current status and future development. Nat Clin Pract Cardiovasc Med. 2006;3:154–162.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jang IK, Bouma BE, Kang DH, et al. Visualization of coronary atherosclerotic plaques in patients using optical coherence tomography: comparison with intravascular ultrasound. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2002;39:604–609.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kato K, Yonetsu T, Jia H, et al. Nonculprit coronary plaque characteristics of chronic kidney disease. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2013;6:448–456.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pena J, Vengrenyuk Y, Kezbor S, et al. Increased lipid length, macrophage, infiltration, and neovascularization in coronary atheroma from patients with chronic kidney disease. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2017;10:1524–1526.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gruberg L, Rai P, Mintz GS, et al. Impact of renal function on coronary plaque morphology and morphometry in patients with chronic renal insufficiency as determined by intravascular ultrasound volumetric analysis. Am J Cardiol. 2005;96:892–896.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hong YJ, Jeong MH, Choi YH, et al. Effect of renal function on ultrasonic coronary plaque characteristics in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol. 2010;105:936–942.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chin CY, Matsumura M, Maehara A, et al. Coronary plaque characteristics in hemodialysis-dependent patients as assessed by optical coherence tomography. Am J Cardiol. 2017;119:1313–1319.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sugiyama T, Kimura S, Ohtani H, et al. Impact of chronic kidney disease stages on atherosclerotic plaque components on optical coherence tomography in patients with coronary artery disease. Cardiovasc Interv Ther. 2017;32:216–224.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nicholls SJ, Tuzcu EM, Hsu A, et al. Comparison of coronary atherosclerotic volume in patients with glomerular filtration rates < or = 60 versus > 60 ml/min/1.73 m(2): a meta-analysis of intravascular ultrasound studies. Am J Cardiol. 2007;99:813–816.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nicholls SJ, Tuzcu EM, Wolski K, et al. Coronary artery calcification and changes in atheroma burden in response to established medical therapies. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007;49:263–270.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kataoka Y, Wolski K, Uno K, et al. Spotty calcification as a marker of accelerated progression of coronary atherosclerosis: insights from serial intravascular ultrasound. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2012;59:1592–1597.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nissen SE, Tuzcu EM, Schoenhagen P, et al. Reversal of atherosclerosis with aggressive lipid lowering (REVERSAL) investigators. Statin therapy, LDL cholesterol, C-reactive protein, and coronary artery disease. N Engl J Med. 2005;352:29–38.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Puri R, Nissen SE, Libby P, et al. C-reactive protein, but not low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, associate with coronary atheroma regression and cardiovascular events after maximally intensive statin therapy. Circulation. 2013;128:2395–2403.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kataoka Y, Shao M, Wolski K, et al. Myeloperoxidase levels predict accelerated progression of coronary atherosclerosis in diabetic patients: insights from intravascular ultrasound. Atherosclerosis. 2014;232:377–383.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rashid I, Maghzal GJ, Chen YC, et al. Myeloperoxidase is a potential molecular imaging and therapeutic target for the identification and stabilization of high-risk atherosclerotic plaque. Eur Heart J. 2018;39:3301–3310.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fellström BC, Jardine AG, Schmieder RE, et al.; AURORA Study Group. Rosuvastatin and cardiovascular events in patients undergoing hemodialysis. N Engl J Med. 2009;360:1395–1407.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen J, Budoff MJ, Reilly MP, et al. Coronary artery calcification and risk of cardiovascular disease and death among patients with chronic kidney disease. JAMA Cardiol. 2017;2:635–643.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Noguchi T, Tanaka A, Kawasaki T, et al. Effect of intensive statin therapy on coronary high-intensity plaques detected by noncontrast T1-weighted imaging: the AQUAMARINE pilot study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2015;66:245–256.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Asaumi Y, Noguchi T, Morita Y, et al. High-intensity plaques on noncontrast T1-weighted imaging as a predictor of periprocedural myocardial injury. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2015;8:741–743.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kanaya T, Noguchi T, Otsuka F, et al. Optical coherence tomography-verified morphological correlates of high-intensity coronary plaques on non-contrast T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in patients with stable coronary artery disease. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2019;20:75–83.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Noguchi T, Nakao K, Asaumi Y, et al. Noninvasive coronary plaque imaging. J Atheroscler Thromb. 2018;25:281–293.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sabatine MS, Giugliano RP, Keech AC, et al. Evolocumab and clinical outcomes in patients with cardiovascular disease. N Engl J Med. 2017;376:1713–1722.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwartz GG, Steg PG, Szarek M, et al. Alirocumab and cardiovascular outcomes after acute coronary syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2018;379:2097–2107.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Irkle A, Vesey AT, Lewis DY, et al. Identifying active vascular microcalcification by (18)F-sodium fluoride positron emission tomography. Nat Commun. 2015 Jul 7;6:7495.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oliveira-Santos M, Castelo-Branco M, Silva R, et al. Atherosclerotic plaque metabolism in high cardiovascular risk subjects – a subclinical atherosclerosis imaging study with 18F-NaF PET-CT. Atherosclerosis. 2017;260:41–46.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kitagawa T, Yamamoto H, Toshimitsu S, et al. 18F-sodium fluoride positron emission tomography for molecular imaging of coronary atherosclerosis based on computed tomography analysis. Atherosclerosis. 2017;263:385–392.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar