298
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Reviews

Examining the evidence for PFO closure and novel oral anticoagulants for treatment of cryptogenic stroke

Pages 139-148 | Received 07 Dec 2019, Accepted 20 Feb 2020, Published online: 02 Mar 2020

References

  • Perera KS, Vanassche T, Bosch J, et al. Embolic strokes of undetermined source: prevalence and patient features in the ESUS global registry. Int J Stroke. 2016;11(5):526–533.
  • Hart RG, Catanese L, Perera KS, et al. Embolic stroke of undetermined source: a systematic review and clinical update. Stroke. 2017;48(4):867–872.
  • Hagen PT, Scholz DG, Edwards WD, editors. Incidence and size of patent foramen ovale during the first 10 decades of life: an autopsy study of 965 normal hearts. Mayo Clinic Proceedings; Elsevier; 1984;59(1):17–20.
  • Meer I, Whisnant JP, Khandheria BK, et al., editors. Prevalence of potential risk factors for stroke assessed by transesophageal echocardiography and carotid ultrasonography: the SPARC study. Mayo Clinic Proceedings; Elsevier; 1999;74(9):862–869.
  • Lechat P, Mas J, Lascault G, et al. Prevalence of patent foramen ovale in patients with stroke. N Engl J Med. 1988;318(18):1148–1152.
  • De Castro S, Cartoni D, Fiorelli M, et al. Morphological and functional characteristics of patent foramen ovale and their embolic implications. Stroke. 2000;31(10):2407–2413.
  • Mas J-L, Zuber M. Recurrent cerebrovascular events in patients with patent foramen ovale, atrial septal aneurysm, or both and cryptogenic stroke or transient ischemic attack. Am Heart J. 1995;130(5):1083–1088.
  • Cabanes L, Mas J, Cohen A, et al. Atrial septal aneurysm and patent foramen ovale as risk factors for cryptogenic stroke in patients less than 55 years of age. A study using transesophageal echocardiography. Stroke. 1993;24(12):1865–1873.
  • Di Tullio M, Sacco RL, Gopal A, et al. Patent foramen ovale as a risk factor for cryptogenic stroke. Ann Intern Med. 1992;117(6):461–465.
  • Thanopoulos BD, Dardas PD, Karanasios E, et al. Transcatheter closure versus medical therapy of patent foramen ovale and cryptogenic stroke. Catheterization Cardiovasc Interventions. 2006;68(5):741–746.
  • van de Wyngaert F, Kefer J, Hermans C, et al. Absence of recurrent stroke after percutaneous closure of patent foramen ovale despite residual right-to-left cardiac shunt assessed by transcranial Doppler. Arch Cardiovasc Dis. 2008;101(7–8):435–441.
  • Paciaroni M, Agnelli G, Bertolini A, et al. Risk of recurrent cerebrovascular events in patients with cryptogenic stroke or transient ischemic attack and patent foramen ovale: the FORI (Foramen Ovale Registro Italiano) study. Cerebrovascular Dis. 2011;31(2):109–116.
  • Khairy P, O’Donnell CP, Landzberg MJ. Transcatheter closure versus medical therapy of patent foramen ovale and presumed paradoxical thromboemboli: a systematic review. Ann Intern Med. 2003;139(9):753.
  • Agarwal S, Bajaj NS, Kumbhani DJ, et al. Meta-analysis of transcatheter closure versus medical therapy for patent foramen ovale in prevention of recurrent neurological events after presumed paradoxical embolism. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2012;5(7):777–789.
  • Furlan AJ, Reisman M, Massaro J, et al. Closure or medical therapy for cryptogenic stroke with patent foramen ovale. N Engl J Med. 2012;366(11):991–999.
  • Krumsdorf U, Ostermayer S, Billinger K, et al. Incidence and clinical course of thrombus formation on atrial septal defect and patient foramen ovale closure devices in 1,000 consecutive patients. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2004;43(2):302–309.
  • Meier B, Kalesan B, Mattle HP, et al. Percutaneous closure of patent foramen ovale in cryptogenic embolism. N Engl J Med. 2013;368(12):1083–1091.
  • Carroll JD, Saver JL, Thaler DE, et al. Closure of patent foramen ovale versus medical therapy after cryptogenic stroke. N Engl J Med. 2013 Mar 21;368(12):1092–1100.
  • Saver JL, Carroll JD, Thaler DE, et al. Long-term outcomes of patent foramen ovale closure or medical therapy after stroke. N Engl J Med. 2017;377(11):1022–1032.
  • Mas J-L, Derumeaux G, Guillon B, et al. Patent foramen ovale closure or anticoagulation vs. antiplatelets after stroke. N Engl J Med. 2017;377(11):1011–1021.
  • Søndergaard L, Kasner SE, Rhodes JF, et al. Patent foramen ovale closure or antiplatelet therapy for cryptogenic stroke. N Engl J Med. 2017;377(11):1033–1042.
  • Lee PH, Song J-K, Kim JS, et al. Cryptogenic stroke and high-risk patent foramen ovale: the DEFENSE-PFO trial. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018;71(20):2335–2342.
  • Amarenco P, Albers GW, Denison H, et al. Ticagrelor versus aspirin in acute embolic stroke of undetermined source. Stroke. 2017;48(9):2480–2487.
  • Homma S, Sacco RL, Di Tullio MR, et al. Effect of medical treatment in stroke patients with patent foramen ovale: patent foramen ovale in Cryptogenic Stroke Study. Circulation. 2002 Jun 4;105(22):2625–2631.
  • Adams HP Jr, Bendixen BH, Kappelle LJ, et al. Classification of subtype of acute ischemic stroke. Definitions for use in a multicenter clinical trial. TOAST. Trial of Org 10172 in acute stroke treatment. stroke. 1993;24(1):35–41.
  • Hart RG, Diener H-C, Coutts SB, et al. Embolic strokes of undetermined source: the case for a new clinical construct. Lancet Neurol. 2014;13(4):429–438.
  • Kiyuna F, Sato N, Matsuo R, et al. Association of embolic sources with cause-specific functional outcomes among adults with cryptogenic stroke. JAMA Network Open. 2018;1(5):e182953–e182953.
  • Yaghi S, Boehme AK, Hazan R, et al. Atrial cardiopathy and cryptogenic stroke: a cross-sectional pilot study. J Stroke Cerebrovascular Dis. 2016;25(1):110–114.
  • Goldberger JJ, Arora R, Green D, et al. Evaluating the atrial myopathy underlying atrial fibrillation: identifying the arrhythmogenic and thrombogenic substrate. Circulation. 2015;132(4):278–291.
  • Gladstone DJ, Spring M, Dorian P, et al. Atrial fibrillation in patients with cryptogenic stroke. N Engl J Med. 2014;370(26):2467–2477.
  • Sanna T, Diener H-C, Passman RS, et al. Cryptogenic stroke and underlying atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2014;370(26):2478–2486.
  • Mohr J, Thompson J, Lazar RM, et al. A comparison of warfarin and aspirin for the prevention of recurrent ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med. 2001;345(20):1444–1451.
  • Hart RG, Sharma M, Mundl H, et al. Rivaroxaban for stroke prevention after embolic stroke of undetermined source. N Engl J Med. 2018 Jun 7;378(23):2191–2201.
  • Diener HC, Sacco RL, Easton JD, et al. Dabigatran for Prevention of Stroke after Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source. N Engl J Med. 2019 May 16;380(20):1906–1917.
  • Graham DJ, Reichman ME, Wernecke M, et al. Stroke, bleeding, and mortality risks in elderly Medicare beneficiaries treated with dabigatran or rivaroxaban for nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(11):1662–1671.
  • Noseworthy PA, Yao X, Abraham NS, et al. Direct comparison of dabigatran, rivaroxaban, and apixaban for effectiveness and safety in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Chest. 2016;150(6):1302–1312.
  • Geisler T, Poli S, Meisner C, et al. Apixaban for treatment of embolic stroke of undetermined source (ATTICUS randomized trial): rationale and study design. Int J Stroke. 2017;Dec;12(9):985–990.
  • Healey JS, Gladstone DJ, Swaminathan B, et al. Recurrent stroke with rivaroxaban compared with aspirin according to predictors of atrial fibrillation: secondary Analysis of the NAVIGATE ESUS randomized clinical trial. JAMA Neurol. 2019;76(7):764–773.
  • Kamel H, Longstreth WT Jr., Tirschwell DL, et al. The AtRial Cardiopathy and Antithrombotic Drugs In prevention After cryptogenic stroke randomized trial: rationale and methods. Int J Stroke. 2019 Feb;14(2):207–214.
  • Shariat A, Yaghoubi E, Farazdaghi M, et al. Comparison of medical treatments in cryptogenic stroke patients with patent foramen ovale: a randomized clinical trial. J Res Med Sci. 2013;18(2):94.
  • Kasner SE, Swaminathan B, Lavados P, et al. Rivaroxaban or aspirin for patent foramen ovale and embolic stroke of undetermined source: a prespecified subgroup analysis from the NAVIGATE ESUS trial. Lancet Neurol. 2018;17(12):1053–1060.
  • Connolly SJ, Ezekowitz MD, Yusuf S, et al. Dabigatran versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2009;361(12):1139–1151.
  • Giugliano RP, Ruff CT, Braunwald E, et al. Edoxaban versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2013;369(22):2093–2104.
  • Saraiva JFK. Stroke prevention with oral anticoagulants: summary of the evidence and efficacy measures as an aid to treatment choices. Cardiol Ther. 2018;7(1):15–24.
  • Messé SR, Gronseth G, Kent DM, et al. Practice advisory: recurrent stroke with patent foramen ovale (update of practice parameter): report of the Guideline Development, Dissemination, and Implementation Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology. 2016;87(8):815–821.
  • Kernan WN, Ovbiagele B, Black HR, et al. Guidelines for the prevention of stroke in patients with stroke and transient ischemic attack: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2014;45(7):2160–2236.
  • Albers G, Comess K, DeRook F, et al. Transesophageal echocardiographic findings in stroke subtypes. Stroke. 1994;25(1):23–28.
  • Jones EF, Kalman JM, Calafiore P, et al. Proximal aortic atheroma. An independent risk factor for cerebral ischemia. Stroke. 1995;26(2):218–224.
  • Group FSoAPiS. Atherosclerotic disease of the aortic arch as a risk factor for recurrent ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med. 1996;334(19):1216–1221.
  • Amarenco P, Davis S, Jones EF, et al. Clopidogrel plus aspirin versus warfarin in patients with stroke and aortic arch plaques. Stroke. 2014;45(5):1248–1257.
  • Tunick PA, Nayar AC, Goodkin GM, et al. Effect of treatment on the incidence of stroke and other emboli in 519 patients with severe thoracic aortic plaque. Am J Cardiol. 2002;90(12):1320–1325.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.