Safety and efficacy considerations amongst the elderly population in the updated treatment of heart failure: a review

References

• Kemp CD, Conte JV. The pathophysiology of heart failure. Cardiovasc Pathol. 2012;21:365–371.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bozkurt B, Coats AJ, Tsutsui H, et al. Universal definition and classification of heart failure. J Card Fail. 2021;27:387–413.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Writing Committee, Maddox TM, Januzzi JL, et al. 2021 Update to the 2017 ACC Expert Consensus Decision pathway for optimization of heart failure treatment: answers to 10 pivotal issues about heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: a report of the American college of cardiology solution set oversight committee. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2021;77:772–810.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Screever EM, Meijers WC, van Veldhuisen DJ, et al. New developments in the pharmacotherapeutic management of heart failure in elderly patients: concerns and considerations. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2017;18:645–655.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yancy CW, Jessup M, Bozkurt B, et al. 2017 ACC/AHA/HFSA focused update of the 2013 ACCF/AHA guideline for the management of heart failure: a report of the American college of Cardiology/American Heart Association task force on clinical practice guidelines and the heart failure society of America. Circulation. 2017;136:e137–e161.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dharmarajan K, Rich MW. Epidemiology, pathophysiology, and prognosis of heart failure in older adults. Heart Fail Clin. 2017;13:417–426.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roger VL. Epidemiology of heart failure: a contemporary perspective. Circ Res. 2021;128:1421–1434.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coats AJS. Ageing, demographics, and heart failure. Eur Heart J Suppl. 2019;21 (Suppl L):L4–L7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mangoni AA, Jackson SHD. Age-related changes in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics: basic principles and practical applications. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2004;57:6–14.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heidenreich PA, Bozkurt B, Aguilar D, et al. 2022 AHA/ACC/HFSA guideline for the management of heart failure: a report of the American college of Cardiology/American Heart Association joint committee on clinical practice guidelines. Circulation. 2022;145:e895–e1032.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McDonagh TA, Metra M, Adamo M, et al. 2021 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J. 2021;42:3599–3726.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Richardson J, David T, Grace Y, et al. A new mechanism of action in heart failure: angiotensin-receptor neprilysin inhibition. J Pharm Technol. 2016;32:116–124. DOI:10.1177/8755122515622224
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• McFarlane SI, Winer N, Sowers JR. Role of the natriuretic peptide system in cardiorenal protection. Arch Intern Med. 2003;163:2696–2704.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Joshi SS, Singh T, and Newby DE, et al. Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor therapy: mechanisms of action in heart failure. Heart Br Card Soc. 2021;107:1032–1038. DOI:10.1136/heartjnl-2020-318060
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McMurray JJV, Packer M, Desai AS, et al. Angiotensin-neprilysin inhibition versus enalapril in heart failure. N Engl J Med. 2014;371:993–1004.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Solomon SD, McMurray JJV, Anand IS, et al. Angiotensin-Neprilysin inhibition in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. N Engl J Med. 2019;381:1609–1620.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Velazquez EJ, Morrow DA, DeVore AD, et al. Angiotensin–Neprilysin inhibition in acute decompensated heart failure. N Engl J Med. 2019;380:539–548.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Solomon SD, Zile M, Pieske B, et al. The angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor LCZ696 in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a phase 2 double-blind randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2012;380:1387–1395.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Desai AS, Solomon SD, Shah AM, et al. Effect of Sacubitril-Valsartan vs enalapril on aortic stiffness in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2019;322:1077–1084.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Januzzi JL, Prescott MF, Butler J, et al. Association of change in N-Terminal Pro-B-Type natriuretic peptide following initiation of Sacubitril-Valsartan treatment with cardiac structure and function in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. JAMA. 2019;322:1085–1095.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wachter R, Senni M, Belohlavek J, et al. Initiation of sacubitril/valsartan in haemodynamically stabilised heart failure patients in hospital or early after discharge: primary results of the randomised TRANSITION study. Eur J Heart Fail. 2019;21:998–1007.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Senni M, McMurray JJV, Wachter R, et al. Initiating sacubitril/valsartan (LCZ696) in heart failure: results of TITRATION, a double-blind, randomized comparison of two uptitration regimens. Eur J Heart Fail. 2016;18:1193–1202.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McMurray JJV, Solomon SD, Inzucchi SE, et al. Dapagliflozin in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction. N Engl J Med. 2019;381:1995–2008.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Petrie MC, Verma S, Docherty KF, et al. Effect of dapagliflozin on worsening heart failure and cardiovascular death in patients with heart failure with and without diabetes. JAMA. 2020;323:1353–1368.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nassif ME, Windsor SL, Borlaug BA, et al. The SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a multicenter randomized trial. Nat Med. 2021;27:1954–1960.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Packer M, Anker SD, Butler J, et al. Cardiovascular and renal outcomes with empagliflozin in heart failure. N Engl J Med. 2020;383:1413–1424.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anker SD, Butler J, Filippatos G, et al. Empagliflozin in heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction. N Engl J Med. 2021;385:1451–1461.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jhund PS, Fu M, Bayram E, et al. Efficacy and safety of LCZ696 (sacubitril-valsartan) according to age: insights from PARADIGM-HF. Eur Heart J. 2015;36:2576–2584.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Damman K, Gori M, Claggett B, et al. Renal effects and associated outcomes during Angiotensin-Neprilysin inhibition in heart failure. JACC Heart Fail. 2018;6:489–498.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wiviott SD, Raz I, Bonaca MP, et al. Dapagliflozin and cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2019;380:347–357.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Solomon SD, Vaduganathan M, Claggett BL, et al. Baseline characteristics of patients with HF with mildly reduced and preserved ejection fraction. JACC Heart Fail. 2022;10:184–197.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yan Y, Liu B, Du J, et al. SGLT2i versus ARNI in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: a systematic review and meta-analysis. ESC Heart Fail. 2021;8:2210–2219.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zinman B, Wanner C, Lachin JM, et al. Empagliflozin, cardiovascular outcomes, and mortality in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2015;373:2117–2128.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Esteban-Fernández A, Díez-Villanueva P, Vicent L, et al. Sacubitril/Valsartan is useful and safe in elderly people with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction. Data from a real-word cohort. Rev Espanola Geriatr Gerontol. 2020;55:65–69.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Prospective monitoring of angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor in older adults with heart failure and frailty. [cited 2022 Mar 15]. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04743063
   Google Scholar
• Senni M, McMurray JJV, Wachter R, et al. Impact of systolic blood pressure on the safety and tolerability of initiating and up-titrating sacubitril/valsartan in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction: insights from the TITRATION study: safety of sacubitril/valsartan in HFrEF. Eur J Heart Fail. 2018;20:491–500.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cahn A, Mosenzon O, Wiviott SD, et al. Efficacy and safety of dapagliflozin in the elderly: analysis from the DECLARE-TIMI 58 study. Diabetes Care. 2020;43:468–475.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Butrous H, Hummel SL. Heart failure in older adults. Can J Cardiol. 2016;32:1140–1147.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lexicomp Online [Internet]. Hudson: Wolters Kluwer; e2022. [cited 2022 Mar 16]. Available from: https://online.lexi.com
   Google Scholar
• IBM Micromedex [Internet]. Greenwood Village: IBM Watson Health; c2022. [cited 2022 Mar 16]. Available from: https://www.micromedexsolutions.com/
   Google Scholar
• Clinical Pharmacology [Internet]. Tampa: Gold Standard, Inc; e2022. [cited 2022 Mar 16]. Available from: https://www.clinicalpharmacology.com
   Google Scholar
• Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation. Entresto (sacubitril and valsartan) [package insert] [Internet]. US Food Drug Adm. 2022 [cited 2022 Mar 17]. Available from: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2021/207620s018lbl.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Parving H-H, Brenner BM, McMurray JJV, et al. Cardiorenal end points in a trial of aliskiren for type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2012;367:2204–2213.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ONTARGET Investigators, Yusuf S, Teo KK, et al. Telmisartan, ramipril, or both in patients at high risk for vascular events. N Engl J Med. 2008;358:1547–1559.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Su Y-P, Chang C-J, Hwang T-J. Lithium intoxication after valsartan treatment. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2007;61:204.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Juhlin T, Erhardt LR, Ottosson H, et al. Treatments with losartan or enalapril are equally sensitive to deterioration in renal function from cyclooxygenase inhibition. Eur J Heart Fail. 2007;9:191–196.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salerno SM, Jackson JL, Berbano EP. Effect of oral pseudoephedrine on blood pressure and heart rate: a meta-analysis. Arch Intern Med. 2005;165:1686–1694.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raebel MA. Hyperkalemia associated with use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers. Cardiovasc Ther. 2012;30:e156–166.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Antoniou T, Gomes T, Juurlink DN, et al. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole-induced hyperkalemia in patients receiving inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin system: a population-based study. Arch Intern Med. 2010;170:1045–1049.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Markowitz GS, Perazella MA. Acute phosphate nephropathy. Kidney Int. 2009;76:1027–1034.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sheikhbahaie F, Amini M, Gharipour M, et al. The effect of hydroxychloroquine on glucose control and insulin resistance in the prediabetes condition. Adv Biomed Res. 2016;5:145.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Jardiance (empagliflozin) [package insert] [Internet]. US Food Drug Adm. 2022 [cited 2022 Mar 17]. Available from: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2022/204629s034lbl.pdf
   Google Scholar
• AstraZeneca. Farxiga (dapagliflozin) [package insert] [Internet]. US Food Drug Adm. 2021 [cited 2022 Mar 17]. Available from: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2021/202293s024lbl.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Althaqafi A, Ali M, Alzahrani Y, et al. How safe are fluoroquinolones for diabetic patients? A systematic review of dysglycemic and neuropathic effects of fluoroquinolones. Ther Clin Risk Manag. 2021;17:1083–1090.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Horii T, Oikawa Y, Kunisada N, et al. Real-world risk of hypoglycemia-related hospitalization in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes using SGLT2 inhibitors: a nationwide cohort study. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care. 2020;8:e001856.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ampofo E, Nalbach L, Menger MD, et al. Regulatory mechanisms of somatostatin expression. Int J Mol Sci. 2020;21:E4170.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fixen DR. 2019 AGS beers criteria for older adults. Pharm Today. 2019;25:42–54.
   Google Scholar
• Zoler ML. FDA moves generic dapagliflozin a step closer to US sales. Medscape [Internet]. [updated 2022 Feb 23; cited 2022 Apr 3]. Available from: http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/969050
   Google Scholar
• Brennan Z. Novartis petitions FDA to block 18 generic competitors for its megablockbuster heart drug until 2024. ENDPOINTS NEWS [Internet]. [updated 2021 Dec 6; cited 2022 Apr 3]. Available from: https://endpts.com/novartis-petitions-fda-to-block-18-generic-competitors-for-its-megablockbuster-heart-drug-until-2024
   Google Scholar