2,782
Views
7
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Working with the inner critic: Process features and pathways to change

, &
Pages 59-78 | Received 31 Aug 2012, Accepted 03 Dec 2012, Published online: 22 Apr 2013

References

  • Arieti , S. and Bemporad , J.R. 1978 . Severe and mild depression: The therapeutic approach , New York : Basic Books .
  • Barrett-Lennard , G.T. 2000 . The warp and weft of therapy. Relations within the self – Self within relationship , Perth, Australia : Unpublished manuscript .
  • Benjamin , L.S. 1974 . Structural analysis of social behaviour (SASB . Psychological Review , 81 : 392 – 425 .
  • Bergner , R.M. 1995 . Pathological self-criticism: Assessment and treatment , New York : Plenum .
  • Blatt , S.J. 1995 . The destructiveness of perfectionism: Implications for the treatment of depression . American Psychologist , 50 ( 12 ) : 1003 – 1020 .
  • Blatt , S. J. 2008 . “ Polarities of experience: Relatedness and self-definition in personality development ” . In psychopathology , DC: American Psychological Association Press : and the therapeutic process. Washington .
  • Bouwkamp , R. 1999 . Helen door delen. Experiëntiële interpersoonlijke therapie. Theorie, methodiek, onderzoek [Healing through separation. Experiential interpersonal therapy , Theory, methodology, research]. Maarssen : Elsevier/De Tijdstroom .
  • Claes , L. , Soenens , B. , Vansteenkiste , M. and Vandereycken , W. 2012 . The scars of the inner critic: Perfectionism and nonsuicidal self-injury in eating disorders . European Eating Disorders Review , 20 : 196 – 202 .
  • Cooper , M. , Mearns , D. , Stiles , W.B. , Warner , M. and Elliott , R. 2004 . Developing self-pluralistic perspectives within the person-centered and experiential approaches: A round-table dialogue . Person-centered and Experiential Psychotherapies, 3 , 3 : 176 – 191 .
  • Elliott , R. , Greenberg , L.S. and Lietaer , G. 2004 . “ Research on experiential psychotherapies. In M.J. Lambert ” . In Bergin & Garfield's handbook of psychotherapy and behavior change , pp. 493 – 539 . New York : Wiley .
  • Elliott , R. , Watson , J.C. , Greenberg , L.S. and Goldman , R. 2004 . Learning emotion-focused therapy , Washington, DC : American Psychological Association .
  • Firestone , R.W. 1997 . Combating destructive thought processes. Voice therapy and separation theory , Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage .
  • Firestone , R.W. , Firestone , L. , Catlett , J. and Love , P. 2002 . Conquer your critical inner voice. A revolutionary program to counter negative thoughts and live free from imagined limitations , Oakland : New Harbinger Publications .
  • Gendlin , E.T. 1981 . Focusing , rev. ed.). New York : Bantam Books .
  • Gendlin , E.T. 1986 . Process ethics and the political question . The Focusing Folio , 5 ( 2 ) : 68 – 87 .
  • Gendlin , E.T. 1996 . “ A process view of the superego ” . In In Focusing-oriented psychotherapy: A manual of the experiential method , pp. 247 – 258 . New York : Guilford .
  • Glassman , L.H. , Weierich , M.R. , Hooley , J.M. , Deliberto , T.L. and Nock , M.K. 2007 . Child maltreatment, non-suicidal self-injury and the mediating role of self-criticism . Behaviour Research and Therapy , 45 : 2483 – 2490 .
  • Goldman , R. and Greenberg , L.S. 2010 . “ Self-soothing and other-soothing in emotion-focused couples therapy ” . In Clinical casebook of couples therapy Edited by: A.S. , Gurman . New York , Guilford
  • Greenberg , L.S. and Pascual-Leone , J. 1997 . “ Emotion in the creation of personal meaning ” . In The psychotherapeutic process: A research handbook , Edited by: Power , M. and Brewin , C. pp. 3 – 20 . New York : Guilford .
  • Greenberg , L.S. , Rice , L.N. and Elliott , R. 1993 . Facilitating emotional change. The moment-by-moment process , New York : Guilford .
  • Greenberg , L.S. , Watson , J.C. and Lietaer , G. 1998 . Handbook of experiential psychotherapy , New York : Guilford .
  • Gilbert , P. and Irons , C. 2005 . “ Therapies for shame and self-attacking, using cognitive, behavioural, emotional imagery and compassionate mind training ” . In Compassion: Conceptualisations, research and use in psychotherapy , Edited by: Gilbert , P. pp. 263 – 325 . London : Routledge .
  • Hermans , J.H.M. , Rijks , T. and Kempen , H. 1993 . Imaginal dialogues in the self: Theory and method . Journal of Personality , 61 : 207 – 237 .
  • Hinterkopf , E. 1998 . Focusing and the inner critic. In . Integrating spirituality in counseling: A manual for using the experiential focusing method , : pp. 41 – 50 . (Ed.) (). Ross-on-Wye: PCCS Books.
  • Honos-Webb , L. and Stiles , W.B. 1998 . Reformulation of assimilation analysis in terms of voices . Psychotherapy , 35 ( 1 ) : 23 – 33 .
  • Keil , S. 1996 . “ The self as a systemic process of interactions of ‘Inner Persons ” . In Client-centred and experiential psychotherapy: A paradigm in motion , Edited by: Hutterer , R. , Pawlowsky , G. , Schmid , P. F. and Stipsits , R. pp. 53 – 66 . Frankfurt am Main : Peter Lang .
  • Kessel , W. 1999 . Depressie en interactie [Depression and interaction] . Tijdschrift voor Cliëntgerichte Psychotherapie , 37 ( 4 ) : 296 – 309 . van (Journal of Client-centred Psychotherapy
  • Leijssen , M. 1995 . “ Een innerlijke relatie [An inner relationship] ” . In Gids voor gesprekstherapie , pp. 131 – 195 . De Tijdstroom : Utrecht . (Ed.) (Guide for counselling therapy
  • Mearns , D. and Thorne , B. 2000 . “ Person-centred therapy with ‘configurations’ of self ” . In Person-centred therapy today. New Frontiers in theory and practice pp. 120 – 143 . London: Sage.
  • Müller , D. 1995 . Dealing with self-criticism: The critic within us and the criticized one . The Folio: Journal for Focusing and Experiential Psychotherapy , 23 ( 3 ) : 151 – 165 .
  • Neff , K.D. 2003 . Self-compassion: An alternative conceptualization of a healthy attitude toward oneself . Self and Identity , 2 : 85 – 102 .
  • Pacht , A.R. 1984 . Reflection on perfection . American Psychologist , 39 : 386 – 390 .
  • Pascual-Leone , A. and Greenberg , L.S. 2007 . Emotional processing in experiential therapy: Why “the only way out is through” . Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , 75 ( 6 ) : 875 – 887 .
  • Pompili , M. , ed. 2010 . Suicide in the words of suicidologists , New York : Nova Science Publishers .
  • Rogers , C.R. 1951 . “ A theory of personality and behavior ” . In Client-centered therapy , pp.481 – 534 . MA: Houghton-Mifflin. : Boston .
  • Rowan , J. 2010 . Personification: Using the dialogical self in psychotherapy and counselling , New York : Routledge .
  • Rugel , R.P. 1995 . Dealing with the problem of low self-esteem: Common characteristics and treatment in individual, marital/family and group psychotherapy , Springfield : Charles C. Thomas .
  • Sorotzkin , B. 1985 . The quest for perfection: Avoiding guilt or avoiding shame? . Psychotherapy , 22 : 564 – 571 .
  • Stinckens , N. 2000 . De innerlijke criticus in beeld gebracht: Een typologie van verschijningsvormen. [Imaging the inner critic: A typology of manifestations] . Tijdschrift voor Cliëntgerichte Psychotherapie [Journal of Client-centred Psychotherapy] , 38 ( 3 ) : 201 – 215 .
  • Stinckens , N. 2001 . Werken met de innerlijke criticus. Gerichte empirische verkenning van een cliëntgericht-experiëntiële microtheorie , K.U. Leuven : [Working with the inner critic. Tailored empirical exploration of a client-centred/experiential microtheory]. Doctoraatsverhandeling (Doctoral thesis .
  • Stinckens , N. 2013 . Working with the inner critic: Therapeutic approach . Person-Centered & Experiential Psychotherapies , 12 : 000 – 000. .
  • Stinckens , N. and Leijssen , M. 1999 . Werken met de innerlijke criticus vanuit cliëntgericht-experiëntieel perspectief. Illustratie van een micromodel. [Working with the inner critic from a client-centred/experiential perspective. Illustration of a micro model] . Tijdschrift voor Psychotherapie , 25 ( 1 ) : 5 – 26. . Journal of Psychotherapy
  • Stinckens , N. and Lietaer , G. 1999 . Leijssen ( . Handleiding Informatieverwerkingsschaal , Nederlandstalige herwerking [Manual of the Information processing scale: A Dutch translation of) Toukmanians ‘Level of Client Perceptual Processing’ scale]. Niet-gepubliceerde brochure [Unpublished brochure]. Centrum voor cliëntgerichte therapie en counseling, K.U. Leuven.
  • Stinckens, N., Lietaer, G., & Leijssen, M. (2002a). The inner critic on the move: Analysis of the change process in a case of short-term client-centred/experiential therapy. Counselling and Psychotherapy Research, 2(1), 40–54.
  • Stinckens , N. , Lietaer , G. and Leijssen , M. 2002b . The valuing process and the inner critic in the classic and current client-centred/experiential literature . Person-centered and Experiential Psychotherapies , 1 ( 1&2 ) : 41 – 55 .
  • Stone , H. and Stone , S. 1993 . Embracing your inner critic: Turning self-criticism into a creative asset , San Francisco, CA : Harper Collins Publishers .
  • Toukmanian , S.G. 1996 . “ Clients’ perceptual processing: An integration of research and practice ” . In Research on counselling and psychotherapy: Practical applications , Edited by: Dryden , W. pp. 184 – 210 . London : Sage .
  • Weiser Cornell , A. 2005 . Radical gentleness: The inner critic transforms. In . The radical acceptance of everything: Living a focusing life , (pp. 109–125). Berkeley, CA: Calluna Press.
  • Whelton , W.J. and Greenberg , L.S. 2000 . “ The self as a singular multiplicity: A process-experiential perspective ” . In Self-relations in the psychotherapy process , Edited by: Muran , J.C. pp. 87 – 106 . Washington, DC : APA .
  • Yates , T.M. , Tracy , A.J. and Luthar , S.S. 2008 . Nonsuicidal self-injury among privileged youths: Longitudinal and cross-sectional approaches to developmental process . Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , 76 : 52 – 62 .
  • Young , J.E. 1999 . Cognitive therapy for personality disorders: A schema-focused approach (3rd ed , Sarasota, FL : Professional Resource Press .
  • Young , J.E. , Klosko , J.S. and Weishaar , M.J. 2003 . Schema therapy: A practitioner's guide , New York : Guilford .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.