Publication Cover
Criminal Justice Studies
A Critical Journal of Crime, Law and Society
Volume 36, 2023 - Issue 4
225
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

The association of organizational justice views and turnover intent among correctional staff

, , , , , & show all
Pages 396-417 | Received 15 Apr 2023, Accepted 19 Jul 2023, Published online: 24 Jul 2023

References

  • Adams, J.S. (1965). Inequity in social exchange. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (pp. 267–299). New York: Academic Press. doi:10.1016/S0065-2601(08)60108-2
  • Alamdari, N., & Xu, Y. (2022). Eye-popping overtime: Prison employees double salaries, costing millions. Flatwater Press. Retrieved on March 8, 2023, from https://flatwaterfreepress.org/prison-employees-double-salaries-through-overtime-costs-are-about-to-go-up/.
  • Arshad, R. (2016). Psychological contract violation and turnover intention: Do cultural values matter? Journal of Managerial Psychology, 31(1), 251–264. doi:10.1108/JMP-10-2013-0337
  • Berry, A. (2022). Staff Turnover in Texas Prisons Has Increased. Here’s How It’s Impacting Corrections Officers. Retrieved on February 27, 2023, from https://www.kxan.com/investigations/staff-turnover-in-texas-prisons-has-increased-heres-how-thats-impacting-corrections-officers/
  • Bies, R.J. (2001). International (in)justice: The sacred and the profane. In J. Greenberg & R. Cropanzano (Eds.), Advances in organizational justice (pp. 89–118). Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University Press.
  • Blakely, C., & Bumphus, V. (2004). Private and public sector prisons - a comparison of select characteristics. Federal Probation, 68(1), 49–55.
  • Boateng, F.D., & Hsieh, M.-L. (2019a). Explaining job satisfaction and commitment among prison officers: The role of organizational justice. The Prison Journal, 99(2), 172–193. doi:10.1177/0032885519825491
  • Boateng, F.D., & Hsieh, M.-L. (2019b). Misconduct within the “four walls”: Does organizational justice matter in explaining prison officer’s misconduct and job stress? International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 63(2), 289–308. doi:10.1177/0306624X18780941
  • Brown, S.P. (1996). A meta-analysis and review of organizational research on job involvement. Psychological Bulletin, 120(2), 235–255. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.120.2.235
  • Byrd, T., Cochran, J., Silverman, I., & Blount, W. (2000). Behind bars: An assessment of the effects of job satisfaction, job-related stress, and anxiety of jail employees inclinations to quit. Journal of Crime and Criminal Justice, 23(2), 69–89. doi:10.1080/0735648X.2000.9721123
  • Camp, S. (1994). Assessing the effects of organizational commitment and job satisfaction on turnover: An event history approach. The Prison Journal, 74(3), 279–305. doi:10.1177/0032855594074003002
  • Clements, A.J., & Kinman, G. (2021). Job demands, organizational justice, and emotional exhaustion in prison officers. Criminal Justice Studies, 34(4), 441–458. doi:10.1080/1478601X.2021.1999114
  • Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
  • Colquitt, J.A. (2001). On the dimensionality of organizational justice: A construct validation of a measure. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(3), 386–400. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.86.3.386
  • Colquitt, J., & Greenberg, J.A. (2005). Handbook of organizational justice. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Cullen, F.T., Link, B.G., Wolfe, N.T., & Frank, J. (1985). The social dimensions of correctional officer stress. Justice Quarterly, 2(4), 505–533. doi:10.1080/07418828500088711
  • Dalessio, A., Silverman, W., & Schuck, J. (1986). Paths to turnover: A re-analysis and review of existing data on the Mobley, Horner, and Hollingsworth’s turnover model. Human Relations, 39(3), 245–264. doi:10.1177/001872678603900305
  • DeCarufel, A., & Schaan, J.-L. (1990). The impact of compressed work weeks on police job involvement. Canadian Police College Journal, 14(2), 81–97.
  • DeConinck, J.B. (2010). The effect of organizational justice, perceived organizational support, and perceived supervisor support on marketing employees’ level of trust. Journal of Business Research, 63(12), 1349–1355. doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2010.01.003
  • Ferdik, F.V., & Hills, P. (2018). Analyzing further predictors of correctional officer professional orientations: The role of turnover intentions. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 62(6), 1668–1693. doi:10.1177/0306624X16684567
  • Ferdik, F.V., Smith, H.P., & Applegate, B. (2014). The role of emotional dissonance and job desirability in predicting correctional officer turnover intentions. Criminal Justice Studies, 27(4), 323–343. doi:10.1080/1478601X.2014.938741
  • Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (1975). Belief, attitudes, intention, and behavior. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
  • Frost, J. (2022). Cronbach’s Alpha: Definition, Calculations, and Example. Retrieved on February 18, 2023, from https://statisticsbyjim.com/basics/cronbachs-alpha/
  • Gorsuch, R. (1983). Factor analysis (2nd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
  • Greenberg, J. (1987). A taxonomy of organizational justice theories. Academy of Management Review, 12(1), 9–22.
  • Greenberg, J. (1990). Organizational justice: Yesterday, today, and tomorrow. Journal of Management, 16(2), 399–432. doi:10.1177/014920639001600208
  • Greenberg, J. (1993). The social side of fairness: Interpersonal and informational classes of organizational justice. In R. Cropanzano (Ed.), Justice in the workplace: Approaching fairness in human resource management (pp. 79–103). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates: Mahwah, NJ.
  • Griffin, M., Hogan, N., & Lambert, E. (2014). Career stage theory and turnover intent among correctional officers. Criminal Justice & Behavior, 41(1), 4–19. doi:10.1177/0093854813503638
  • Griffin, M.L., Lambert, E.G., Hogan, N.L., Todak, N., & Hepburn, J. (2020). A gendered career stage model to explore turnover intent among correctional officers. The Prison Journal, 100(3), 332–354. doi:10.1177/0032885520916818
  • Harney, J., & Lerman, A.E. (2021). Clarifying the role of officer coping on turnover in corrections. Criminal Justice Studies, 34(4), 397–422. doi:10.1080/1478601X.2021.1999117
  • Higgins, G.E., Tewksbury, R., & Denney, A.S. (2013). Validating a measure of work stress for correctional staff: A structural equation modeling approach. Criminal Justice Policy Review, 24(3), 338–352. doi:10.1177/0887403411434929
  • Hom, P., Lee, T., Shaw, J., & Hausknecht, J. (2017). One hundred years of employee turnover theory and research. Journal of Applied Psychology, 102(3), 530–545. doi:10.1037/apl0000103
  • Jurik, N., & Winn, R. (1987). Describing correctional security dropouts and rejects: An individual or organizational profile? Criminal Justice & Behavior, 14(1), 5–25. doi:10.1177/0093854887014001002
  • Kane, T., Saylor, W., & Nacci, P. (1983). Management strategies, morale, and staff turnover. NCJ Document, 089613, 1–9.
  • Kanungo, R. (1982). Work alienation: An integrative approach. New York: Praeger.
  • Kiekbusch, R., Price, W., & Thesis, J. (2003). Turnover predictions: Causes of employee turnover in sheriff-operated jails. Criminal Justice Studies, 16(2), 67–76. doi:10.1080/0888431032000115600
  • Kincade, B. (2016). The Economics of the American Prison System. Retrieved on January 4, 2023, from https://smartasset.com/insights/the-economics-of-the-american-prison-system
  • Lai, Y.L. (2017). The impact of individual and institutional factors on turnover intent among Taiwanese correctional staff. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 61(1), 100–121. doi:10.1177/0306624X15589099
  • Lambert, E. (2003). The impact of organizational justice on correctional staff. Journal of Criminal Justice, 31(2), 155–168. doi:10.1016/S0047-2352(02)00222-2
  • Lambert, E. (2006). I want to leave: A test of a model of turnover intent among correctional staff. Applied Psychology in Criminal Justice, 2(1), 57–83.
  • Lambert, E.G. (2001). To stay or quit: A review of the literature on correctional staff turnover. American Journal of Criminal Justice, 26(1), 61–76. doi:10.1007/BF02886857
  • Lambert, E.G. (2010). The relationship of organizational citizenship behavior with job satisfaction, turnover intent, life satisfaction, and burnout among correctional staff. Criminal Justice Studies, 23(4), 361–380. doi:10.1080/1478601X.2010.516533
  • Lambert, E.G. (2015). A test of a turnover intent model: The issue of correctional staff satisfaction and commitment. In E. Maguire & D. Duffee (Eds.), Criminal Justice Theory, 2nd ed (pp. 325–356). New York: Routledge.
  • Lambert, E.G., Barton-Bellessa, S.M., & Hogan, N.L. (2015). The consequences of emotional burnout among correctional staff. SAGE Open, 5(2), 1–15. doi:10.1177/2158244015590444
  • Lambert, E.G., Berthelot, E., Morrow, W., Block, L., & Hogan, N. (2021). Exploring the effects of organizational structure variables on the organizational justice perceptions of correctional staff. The Prison Journal, 101(5), 553–574. doi:10.1177/00328855211048173
  • Lambert, E., Griffin, M., Hogan, N., & Kelley, T. (2015). The ties that bind: Organizational commitment and its effect on correctional orientation, absenteeism, and turnover intent. The Prison Journal, 95(1), 135–156. doi:10.1177/0032885514563293
  • Lambert, E.G., & Hogan, N.L. (2011). Association between distributive justice and procedural justice and life satisfaction among correctional staff. Professional Issues in Criminal Justice, 6(3/4), 31–41.
  • Lambert, E., & Hogan, N. (2009). The importance of job satisfaction and organizational commitment in shaping turnover intent: A test of a causal model. Criminal Justice Review, 34(1), 96–118. doi:10.1177/0734016808324230
  • Lambert, E.G., Hogan, N.L., & Altheimer, I. (2010). An exploratory examination of the consequences of burnout in terms of life satisfaction, turnover intent, and absenteeism among private correctional staff. The Prison Journal, 90(1), 94–114. doi:10.1177/0032885509357586
  • Lambert, E.G., Hogan, N.L., & Cheeseman, K. (2013). The link between organizational justice and job involvement. Corrections Compendium, 37(2), 9–16.
  • Lambert, E.G., Hogan, N.L., & Cheeseman-Dial, K.C. (2011). The effects of job involvement on private correctional staff: A preliminary study. Journal of Applied Security Research, 6(2), 158–183. doi:10.1080/19361610.2011.552003
  • Lambert, E.G., Hogan, N.L., & Griffin, M.L. (2007). The impact of distributive and procedural justice on correctional staff job stress, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment. Journal of Criminal Justice, 35(6), 644–656. doi:10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2007.09.001
  • Lambert, E.G., Hogan, N.L., Jiang, S., Elechi, O.O., Benjamin, B. … Dupuy, P. (2010). The relationship among distributive and procedural justice and correctional life satisfaction, burnout, and turnover intent: An exploratory study. Journal of Criminal Justice, 38(1), 7–16. doi:10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2009.11.002
  • Lambert, E.G., Hogan, N.L., Keena, L.D., Williamson, L., & Kim, B. (2017). Exploring the association between different types of social support with role stress, work–family conflict, and turnover intent among private prison staff. Journal of Applied Security Research, 12(2), 203–223. doi:10.1080/19361610.2017.1277866
  • Lambert, E.G., Hogan, N.L., Paoline, E.A., & Baker, D.N. (2005). The good life: The impact of job satisfaction and occupational stressors on prison staff life satisfaction – an exploratory study. Journal of Crime & Justice, 28(2), 1–26. doi:10.1080/0735648X.2005.9721636
  • Lambert, E.G., Hogan, N.L., Worley, R.M., & Solinas-Saunders, M. (2023). The effects of justice views on turnover intent, sick-leave views, and sick-leave use among private prison staff. Journal of Applied Security Research, 1–24. Online first at https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/19361610.2022.2161798.10.1080/19361610.2022.2161798.
  • Lambert, E.G., Keena, L.D., Haynes, S.H., May, D., Ricciardelli, R., & Leone, M. (2019). Testing a path model of organizational justice and correctional staff job stress among southern correctional staff. Criminal Justice & Behavior, 46(10), 1367–1384. doi:10.1177/0093854819843336
  • Lambert, E.G., Keena, L.D., Leone, M., May, D., & Haynes, S.H. (2020). The effects of distributive and procedural justice on job satisfaction and organizational commitment of correctional staff. The Social Science Journal, 57(4), 405–415. doi:10.1016/j.soscij.2019.02.002
  • Lambert, E., & Paoline, E. (2010). Take this job and shove it: An exploratory study of turnover intent among jail staff. Journal of Criminal Justice, 38(2), 139–148. doi:10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2010.01.002
  • Landy, F.J., Barnes-Farrell, J.L., & Cleveland, J.N. (1980). Perceived fairness and accuracy of performance evaluation: A follow-up. Journal of Applied Psychology, 65(3), 355–356. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.65.3.355
  • Lazzari, M., Alvarez, J.M., & Ruggieri, S. (2022). Predicting and explaining employee turnover intention. International Journal of Data Science and Analytics, 14(3), 279–292. doi:10.1007/s41060-022-00329-w
  • Leip, L.A., & Stinchcomb, J.B. (2013). Should I stay or should I go? Job satisfaction and turnover intent of jail staff throughout the United States. Criminal Justice Review, 38(2), 226–241. doi:10.1177/0734016813478822
  • Lin, Y. (2017). Is this the right job for me and my children? Turnover intention and parental correctional career endorsement among correctional officers in Taiwan. Asian Journal of Criminology, 12(3), 217–230. doi:10.1007/s11417-017-9243-z
  • Lindsay, R., & Ehrenberg, A. (1993). The design of replicated studies. American Statistician, 47(3), 217–228. doi:10.1080/00031305.1993.10475983
  • Liou, K.T. (1998). Employee turnover intention and professional orientation: A study of detention workers. Public Administration Quarterly, 22(2), 161–175.
  • Lopez-Cabarcos, M.A., Vazquez-Rodriguez, P., & Pineiro-Chousa, J.R. (2016). Combined antecedents of prison employees’ affective commitment. Journal of Business Research, 69(11), 5534–5539. doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2016.04.167
  • Martin, C. L., & Bennett, N. (1996). The role of justice judgments in explaining the relationship between job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Group & Organization Management, 21(1), 84–104.
  • Matz, A.K., Wells, J.B., Minor, K.I., & Angel, E. (2013). Predictors of turnover intention among staff in juvenile correctional facilities: The relevance of job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice, 11(2), 115–131. doi:10.1177/1541204012460873
  • Matz, A.K., Woo, Y., & Kim, B. (2014). A meta-analysis of the correlates of turnover intent in criminal justice organizations: Does agency type matter? Journal of Criminal Justice, 42(3), 233–243. doi:10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2014.02.004
  • Mikytuck, A.M., & Cleary, H. (2016). Factors associated with turnover decision making among juvenile justice employees: Comparing correctional and non-correctional staff. Journal of Juvenile Justice, 5(2), 55–67.
  • Miller, J. (2022). These Private Prisons Have Over 100% Staff Turnover. Will More State Money Help? Retrieved on March 1, 2023, from https://coloradonewsline.com/2022/01/26/these-private-prisons-have-over-100-staff-turnover-will-more-state-money-help/
  • Minor, K.I., Dawson-Edwards, C., Wells, J.B., Griffith, C., & Angel, E. (2009). Understanding staff perceptions of turnover in corrections. Professional Issues in Criminal Justice, 4(2), 43–57.
  • Minor, K., Wells, J., Angel, E., & Matz, A. (2011). Predictors of early job turnover among juvenile correctional facility staff. Criminal Justice Review, 36(1), 58–75. doi:10.1177/0734016810379253
  • Mitchell, O., Mackenzie, D.L., Styve, G.J., & Gover, A.R. (2000). The impact of individual, organizational, and environmental attributes on voluntary turnover among juvenile correctional staff members. Justice Quarterly, 17(2), 333–357. doi:10.1080/07418820000096351
  • Mobley, W., Griffeth, R., Hand, H., & Meglino, B. (1979). Review and conceptual analysis of the employee turnover process. Psychological Bulletin, 86(3), 493–522. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.86.3.493
  • Price, J., & Mueller, C. (1986). Absenteeism and turnover among hospital employees. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
  • Sheppard, K.G., Wilson, M.M., Reddick, L.H., Tucker, G.O., & Schwab, A.H. (2022). Reducing staff burnout and turnover intentions in juvenile justice residential commitment programs: The promise of trauma-informed care. Journal of Criminal Justice, 82(September–October), 1–10. 101979. doi:10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2022.101979
  • Skarlicki, D.P., & Folger, R. (1997). Retaliation in the workplace: The roles of distributive, procedural, and interactional justice. Journal of Applied Psychology, 82(3), 434. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.82.3.434
  • Slate, R.N., & Vogel, R.E. (1997). Participative management and correctional personnel: A study of perceived atmosphere for participation in correctional decision-making and its impact on employee stress and thoughts about quitting. Journal of Criminal Justice, 25(5), 397–408. doi:10.1016/S0047-2352(97)00023-8
  • Statista. (2021). Countries with the Largest Number of Prisoners as of July 2021. Retrieved on December 10, 2022, from https://www.statista.com/statistics/262961/countries-with-the-most-prisoners/#:~:text=As%20of%20July%202021%2C%20the,India%2C%20and%20the%20Russian%20Federation
  • Steel, R.P., & Ovalle, N.K. (1984). A review and meta-analysis of research on the relationship between behavioral intentions and employee turnover. Journal of Applied Psychology, 69(4), 673–686. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.69.4.673
  • Stohr, M.K., Lovrich, N.P., & Wilson, G.L. (1994). Staff stress in contemporary jails: Assessing problem severity and type of progressive personnel practices. Journal of Criminal Justice, 22(4), 313–327. doi:10.1016/0047-2352(94)90079-5
  • Stohr, M., Self, R., & Lovrich, N. (1992). Staff turnover in new generation jails: An investigation of its causes and preventions. Journal of Criminal Justice, 20(5), 455–478. doi:10.1016/0047-2352(92)90080-S
  • Sweeney, P.D., & McFarlin, D.B. (1997). Process and outcome: Gender differences in the assessment of justice. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 18(1), 83–98. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1099-1379(199701)18:1<83:AID-JOB779>3.0.CO;2-3
  • Tabachnick, B.G., & Fidell, L.S. (2013). Using multivariate statistics (6th ed.). Boston: Pearson.
  • Taxman, F., & Gordon, J. (2009). Do fairness and equity matter? An examination of organizational justice among correctional officers in adult prisons. Criminal Justice & Behavior, 36(7), 695–711. doi:10.1177/0093854809335039
  • Thibaut, J.W., & Walker, L. (1975). Procedural justice: A psychological analysis. New York: Erlbaum/Halstead.
  • Tipton, J.A. (2002). Attitudes and perceptions of South Carolina’s juvenile correctional officers, insight into the turnover epidemic. Journal of Crime & Justice, 25(1), 81–98. doi:10.1080/0735648X.2002.9721146
  • Udechukwu, I.I. (2007). The influence of intrinsic and extrinsic satisfaction on organizational exit (voluntary turnover): Evidence from a correctional setting. The Journal of Applied Management and Entrepreneurship, 12(1), 127–141.
  • Udechukwu, I., Harrington, W., Manyak, T., Segal, S., & Graham, S. (2007). The Georgia department of corrections: An exploratory reflection on correctional officer turnover and its correlates. Public Personnel Management, 36(3), 247–268. doi:10.1177/009102600703600305
  • U.S. Bureau of Justice Statistics. (2022). Justice expenditure and employment extracts. Washington, D.C: U.S. Department of Justice.
  • U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2021). Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics - 33-3012 Correctional Officers and Jailers. Retrieved on February 25, 2023, from https://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes333012.htm
  • Van Breukelen, W., Van Der Vlist, R., & Steensma, H. (2004). Voluntary employee turnover: Combining variables from the traditional turnover literature with the theory of planned behavior. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 25(7), 893–914. doi:10.1002/job.281
  • Vickovic, S.G., Morrow, W.J., & Lambert, E. (2022). Examining the effects of job burnout and work-family conflict on correctional officer turnover intent. Criminal Justice Studies, 35(2), 111–131. doi:10.1080/1478601X.2022.2066660
  • Wells, J.B., Minor, K.I., Lambert, E.G., & Tilley, J.L. (2016). A model of turnover intent and turnover behavior among staff in juvenile corrections. Criminal Justice & Behavior, 43(11), 1558–1579. doi:10.1177/0093854816645140
  • Wolfe, S.E., & Lawson, S.G. (2020). The organizational justice effect among criminal justice employees: A meta‐analysis. Criminology, 58(4), 619–644. doi:10.1111/1745-9125.12251
  • World Prison Brief. (2022). United States. Retrieved on March 24, 2024, from https://www.prisonstudies.org/country/united-states-america
  • Wright, T.A. (1993). Correctional employee turnover: A longitudinal study. Journal of Criminal Justice, 21(2), 131–142. doi:10.1016/0047-2352(93)90071-T
  • Wubetie1, A., Taye1, B., & Girma, B. (2020). Magnitude of turnover intention and associated factors among nurses working in emergency departments of governmental hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional institutional based study. BMC Nursing, 19(1), 1–9. doi:10.1186/s12912-020-00490-2

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.