The modification of the characteristics of nanocrystalline ZnO thin films by variation of Ta doping content

References

• E.F. Keskenler, S. Doğan, G. Turgut, and B. Gürbulak, Evaluation of structural and optical properties of Mn-doped ZnO thin films synthesized by sol–gel technique, Metall. Mater. Trans. A 43 (2012), pp. 5088–5095.10.1007/s11661-012-1365-4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• L. Znaidi, T. Touam, D. Vrel, N. Souded, S.B. Yahia, O. Brinza, A. Fischer, and A. Boudrioua, AZO thin films by sol–gel process for ıntegrated optics, Coatings 3 (2013), pp. 126–139.10.3390/coatings3030126
   Google Scholar
• Z.R. Khan, M.S. Khan, M. Zulfequar, and M.S. Khan, Optical and structural properties of ZnO thin films fabricated by sol-gel method, Materials Sciences and Applications 2(05) (2011), pp. 340–345.
   Google Scholar
• S. Kumar and R. Thangavel, Structural and optical properties of Na doped ZnO nanocrystalline thin films synthesized using sol–gel spin coating technique, J. Sol–Gel Sci. Technol. 67 (2013), pp. 50–55.10.1007/s10971-013-3049-y
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Y.K. Tseng, G. Gao, and S.-C. Chien, Synthesis of c-axis preferred orientation ZnO: Al transparent conductive thin films using a novel solvent method, Thin Solid Films 518 (2010), pp. 6259–6263.10.1016/j.tsf.2010.03.143
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• E.J. Luna-Arredondo, A. Maldonado, R. Asomoza, D.R. Acosta, M.A. Melendez-Lira, and M.D.L.L. Olvera, Indium-doped ZnO thin films deposited by the sol–gel technique, Thin Solid Films 490 (2005), pp. 132–136.10.1016/j.tsf.2005.04.043
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• M. Yilmaz, Investigation of characteristics of ZnO: Ga nanocrystalline thin films with varying dopant content, Mater. Sci. Semicond. Process 40 (2015), pp. 99–106.10.1016/j.mssp.2015.06.031
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• S. Mridha and D. Basak, Aluminium doped ZnO films: electrical, optical and photoresponse studies, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 40 (2007), p. 6902.10.1088/0022-3727/40/22/008
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• J. Xu, S. Shi, X. Zhang, Y. Wang, M. Zhu, and L. Li, Structural and optical properties of (Al, K)-co-doped ZnO thin films deposited by a sol–gel technique, Mater. Sci. Semicond. Process 16 (2013), pp. 732–737.10.1016/j.mssp.2012.12.016
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Y. Cheng, L. Cao, G. He, G. Yao, X. Song, and Z. Sun, Preparation, microstructure and photoelectrical properties of Tantalum-doped zinc oxide transparent conducting films, J. Alloys Compd. 608 (2014), pp. 85–89.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• K. Mahmood, D. Songand S.B. Park, Effects of thermal treatment on the characteristics of boron and tantalum-doped ZnO thin films deposited by the electrospraying method at atmospheric pressure, Surf. Coat. Technol. 206 (2012), pp. 4730–4740.10.1016/j.surfcoat.2012.01.047
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• T. Narushima, K. Ueda, T. Goto, H. Masumoto, T. Katsube, H. Kawamura, C. Ouchi, and Y. Iguchi, Preparation of calcium phosphate films by radiofrequency magnetron sputtering, Mater. Trans. 46 (2005), pp. 2246–2252.10.2320/matertrans.46.2246
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• N.M. Sin, S. Ahmad, M.Z. Musa, M.H. Mamat, and M. Rusop, Structure transformation of ZnO thin films properties influenced by substrate temperature deposited by magnetron sputtering. IEEE Symposium on Humanities, Science and Engineering Research (SHUSER), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 2012.
   Google Scholar
• T. Nakajima and G. Henri (eds.), Fluorinated Materials for Energy Conversion, Elsevier, Oxford, 2005.
   Google Scholar
• M.D. Blešić, Z.V. Šaponjić, J.M. Nedeljković, and D.P. Uskoković, TiO2 films prepared by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis of nanosize precursor, Mater. Lett. 54 (2002), pp. 298–302.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• E. Sennik, S. Kerli, U. Alver, and Z.Z. Ozturk, Effect of fluorine doping on the NO2-sensing properties of ZnO thin films, Sens. Actuators B: Chem. 216 (2015), pp. 49–56.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• M. Wu, Z.H. Yang, Y.H. Jiang, J.J. Zhang, S.Q. Liu, and Y.M. Sun, Improvement of dye-sensitized solar cell performance through electrodepositing a close-packed TiO2 film, J. Solid State Electrochem 14 (2010), pp. 857–863.10.1007/s10008-009-0866-6
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Q. Bao, C. Chen, D. Wang, Q. Ji, and T. Lei, Pulsed laser deposition and its current research status in preparing hydroxyapatite thin films, Appl. Surf. Sci. 252 (2005), pp. 1538–1544.10.1016/j.apsusc.2005.02.127
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• M.T. Yurtcan, O. Simsek, M. Yilmaz, U.C. Hasar, M. Ertugrul, and O.S. Bayram, Influence of deposition pressure (O2) on the YBCO (Y123) thin films prepared by pulsed laser deposition, J. Supercond. Novel Magn. 26 (2013), pp. 1873–1877.10.1007/s10948-012-1838-0
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• J.T. Cheung, History and fundamentals of pulsed laser deposition, in Pulsed Laser Deposition of Thin Films, D.B. Chrisey and G.H. Hubler, eds., Wiley, New York, 1994, pp. 1–22.
   Google Scholar
• Y. Liu, Y. Li, and H. Zeng, ZnO-based transparent conductive thin films: Doping, performance, and processing, J. Nanomater. 2013 (2013), pp. 1–9. doi:10.1155/2013/196521.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• P.S. Sidky and M.G. Hocking, Review of inorganic coatings and coating processes for reducing wear and corrosion, Br. Corros. J. 34 (1999), pp. 171–183.10.1179/000705999101500815
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• F. Clarysse, W. Lauwerens, and M. Vermeulen, Tribological properties of PVD tool coatings in forming operations of steel sheet, Wear 264 (2008), pp. 400–404.10.1016/j.wear.2006.08.031
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• M. Yilmaz, Characteristic properties of spin coated ZnO thin films: The effect of Ni doping, Phys. Scr. 89 (2014), p. 095802.10.1088/0031-8949/89/9/095802
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• N. Sahu, B. Parija, and S. Panigrahi, Fundamental understanding and modeling of spin coating process: A review, Indian J. Phys. 83 (2009), pp. 493–502.10.1007/s12648-009-0009-z
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Y. Sheng, L. Liang, Y. Xu, D. Wu, and Y. Sun, Low-temperature deposition of the high-performance anatase-titania optical films via a modified sol–gel route, Opt. Mater. 30 (2008), pp. 1310–1315.10.1016/j.optmat.2007.06.010
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• M. Yilmaz and S. Aydoğan, The effect of Pb doping on the characteristic properties of spin coated ZnO thin films: Wrinkle structures, Mater. Sci. Semicond. Process. 40 (2015), pp. 162–170.10.1016/j.mssp.2015.06.064
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• H. Yoon, B.N. Joshi, S.H. Na, J.Y. Choi, and S.S. Yoon, Photodegradation of methylene blue of niobium-doped zinc oxide thin films produced by electrostatic spray deposition, Ceram. Int. 40 (2014), pp. 7567–7571.10.1016/j.ceramint.2013.11.041
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• S.M. Salaken, E. Farzana, and J. Podder, Effect of Fe-doping on the structural and optical properties of ZnO thin films prepared by spray pyrolysis, J. Semicond. 34 (2013), p. 073003.10.1088/1674-4926/34/7/073003
   Google Scholar
• A. Enesca, A. Duta, and J. Schoonman, Influence of tantalum dopant ions (Ta 5+ ) on the efficiency of the tungsten trioxide photoelectrode, Phys. Status Solidi A 205 (2008), pp. 2038–2041.10.1002/pssa.v205:8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• M. Yilmaz and S. Aydoğan, The effect of Mn ıncorporation on the structural, morphological, optical, and electrical features of nanocrystalline ZnO thin films prepared by chemical spray pyrolysis technique, Metall. Mater. Trans. A 46 (2015), pp. 2726–2735.10.1007/s11661-015-2875-7
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• S. Ilican, M. Caglar, and Y. Caglar, Determination of the thickness and optical constants of transparent indium-doped ZnO thin films by the envelope method, Mater. Sci. Poland 25 (2007), pp. 709–718.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• B.M. Han, S. Chang, and S.Y. Kim, Chopping effect on the crystallinity of ZnO films prepared by a r.f. planar magnetron sputtering method, Thin Solid Films 338 (1999), pp. 265–268.10.1016/S0040-6090(98)01080-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• A.R. Babar, S.S. Shinde, A.V. Moholkar, C.H. Bhosale, J.H. Kim, and K.Y. Rajpure, Physical properties of sprayed antimony doped tin oxide thin films: The role of thickness, J. Semicond. 32 (2011), p. 053001.10.1088/1674-4926/32/5/053001
   Google Scholar
• E. Asikuzun, O. Ozturk, L. Arda, A.T. Tasci, F. Kartal, and C. Terzioglu, High-quality c-axis oriented non-vacuum Er doped ZnO thin films, Ceram. Int. 42 (2016), pp. 8085–8091.10.1016/j.ceramint.2016.02.008
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• M. Bedir, M. Öztaş, O.F. Bakkaloğlu, and R. Ormanci, Investigations on structural, optical and electrical parameters of spray deposited ZnSe thin films with different substrate temperature, Eur. Phys. J. B 45 (2005), pp. 465–471.10.1140/epjb/e2005-00207-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• L.B. Freund and S. Suresh, Thin Film Materials: Stress, Defect Formation and Surface Evolution, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2004.10.1017/CBO9780511754715
   Google Scholar
• X.J. Liu, C. Song, F. Zeng, F. Pan, B. He, and W.S. Yan, Strain-induced ferromagnetism enhancement in Co:ZnO films, J. Appl. Phys. 103 (2008), p. 093911.10.1063/1.2919065
   Google Scholar
• Y. Liu, S. Yang, G. Wei, J. Pan, Y. Yuan, and C. Cheng, Influence of substrate temperature on stress and morphology characteristics of Co doped ZnO films prepared by laser-molecular beam epitaxy, J. Mater. Sci. Technol. 29 (2013), pp. 1134–1138.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• M. García-Méndez, A. Bedoya-Calle, R.R. Segura, and V. Coello, Investigation of the annealing effects on the structural and optoelectronic properties of RF-sputtered ZnO films studied by the Drude-Lorentz model, Appl. Phys. A 120 (2015), pp. 1375–1382.10.1007/s00339-015-9318-6
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• B.D. Viezbicke, S. Patel, B.E. Davis, and D.P. Birnie, Evaluation of the Tauc method for optical absorption edge determination: ZnO thin films as a model system, Phys. Status Solidi B 252 (2015), pp. 1700–1710. doi:10.1002/pssb.201552007.
   Google Scholar
• J.H. Lee and B.-O. Park, Characteristics of Al-doped ZnO thin films obtained by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis: Effects of Al doping and an annealing treatment, Mater. Sci. Eng. B 106 (2004), pp. 242–245.10.1016/j.mseb.2003.09.040
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Z.R. Khan, A. Mohd, and S. Arun, Development and study of the structural and optical properties of hexagonal ZnO nanocrystals, Int. Nano Lett. 2 (2012), pp. 1–5.
   Google Scholar
• M. Rusu, G.G. Rusu, M. Girtan, and S.D. Seignon, Structural and optical properties of ZnO thin films deposited onto ITO/glass substrates, J. Non-Cryst. Solids 354 (2008), pp. 4461–4464.10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2008.06.070
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• J.Z. Kong, A.D. Li, H.F. Zhai, Y.P. Gong, H. Li, and D. Wu, Preparation, characterization of the Ta-doped ZnO nanoparticles and their photocatalytic activity under visible-light illumination, J. Solid State Chem. 182 (2009), pp. 2061–2067.10.1016/j.jssc.2009.03.022
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• K. Lovchinov, M. Petrov, O. Angelov, H. Nichev, V. Mikli, and D. Dimova-Malinovska, Structural, Optical and Electrical Properties of ZnO Thin Films doped with Al, V and Nb, Deposited by RF Magnetron Sputtering, in Nanoscience Advances in CBRN Agents Detection, Information and Energy Security, Springer, Dordrecht 2015, pp. 289–301.
   Google Scholar
• N.M. Ravindra, G. Preethi, and C. Jinsoo, Energy gap–refractive index relations in semiconductors – An overview, Infrared Phys. Technol. 50 (2007), pp. 21–29.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• K.L. Foo, U. Hashim, K. Muhammad, and C.H. Voon, Sol–gel synthesized zinc oxide nanorods and their structural and optical investigation for optoelectronic application, Nanoscale Res. Lett. 9 (2014), pp. 1–10.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• P. Chand, A. Gaur, and A. Kumar, Effect of Cr and Fe doping onthe structural and optical properties of ZnO nanostructures, Int. J. Chem. Nucl. Mater. Metall. Eng. 8 (2014), pp. 1238–1241.
   Google Scholar
• M.A. Yıldırım, The effect of copper concentration on structural, optical and dielectric properties of Cu x Zn 1 − x S thin films, Opt. Commun. 285 (2012), pp. 1215–1220.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• C.Q. Sun, Size dependence of nanostructures: Impact of bond order deficiency, Progr. Solid State Chem. 35 (2007), pp. 1–159.10.1016/j.progsolidstchem.2006.03.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• R.G. Heideman, P.V. Lambeck, and J.G.E. Gardeniers, High quality ZnO layers with adjustable refractive indices for integrated optics applications, Opt. Mater. 4 (1995), pp. 741–755.10.1016/0925-3467(95)00028-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar