Factors associated with self-harm in community-based young offenders: the importance of psychological variables

References

• Anderson , L. , Vostanis , P. and Spencer , N. 2004 . Health needs of young offenders . Journal of Child Health Care , 8 : 149 – 164 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bailey , S. 2003 . Young offenders and mental health . Current Opinion in Psychiatry , 16 : 581 – 591 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barrett , B. , Byford , S. , Chitsabesan , P. and Kenning , C. 2006 . Mental health provision for young offenders: Service use and cost . British Journal of Psychiatry , 188 : 541 – 546 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baumeister , R. F. 1990 . Suicide as escape from self . Psychological Review , 97 ( 1 ) : 90 – 113 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Biggam , F. H. and Power , K. G. 2002 . A controlled, problem-solving, group-based intervention with vulnerable incarcerated young offenders . International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology , 46 : 678 – 698 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bonner , R. L. and Rich , A. R. 1990 . Psychosocial vulnerability, life stress, and suicide ideation in a jail population – A cross-validation study . Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior , 20 : 213 – 224 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carswell , K. , Maughan , B. , Davis , H. , Davenport , F. and Goddard , N. 2004 . The psychosocial needs of young offenders and adolescents from an inner city area . Journal of Adolescence , 27 : 415 – 428 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chitsabesan , P. , Kroll , L. , Bailey , S. , Kenning , C. , Sneider , S. , MacDonald , W. and Theodosiou , L. 2006 . Mental health needs of young offenders in custody and in the community . British Journal of Psychiatry , 188 : 534 – 540 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cooper , C. and Berwick , S. 2001 . Factors affecting psychological well-being of three groups of suicide-prone prisoners . Current Psychology , 20 : 169 – 182 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Department of Health. 1999 . Saving lives: Our healthier nation Available from http://www.dh.gov.uk/en/Publicationsandstatistics/Publications/PublicationsPolicyAndGuidance/DH_4118614
   Google Scholar
• Department of Health. 2002 . National suicide prevention strategy for England Available from http://www.dh.gov.uk/en/Publicationsandstatistics/Publications/PublicationsPolicyAndGuidance/DH_4009474
   Google Scholar
• Field , A. 2005 . Discovering statistics using SPSS , London : Sage .
   Google Scholar
• Hawton , K. , Rodham , K. , Evans , E. and Weatherall , R. 2002 . Deliberate self-harm in adolescents: Self report survey in schools in England . British Medical Journal , 325 : 1207 – 1211 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klonsky , E. D. 2009 . The functions of self-injury in young adults who cut themselves: Clarifying the evidence for affect-regulation . Psychiatry Research , 166 : 260 – 268 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klonsky , E. D. and Glenn , C. R. 2009 . Assessing the functions of non-suicidal self-injury: Psychometric properties of the inventory of statements about self-injury (ISAS) . Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment , 31 : 215 – 219 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knight , J. R. , Shrier , L. A. , Bravender , T. D. , Farrell , M. , Vander Bilt , J. and Shaffer , H. J. 1999 . A new brief screen for adolescent substance abuse . Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine , 153 : 591 – 596 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knowles , S. , Townsend , E. and Anderson , M. 2006 . Using ASSET data for mental health research on young offenders: Issues and implications for researchers . Educational & Child Psychology , 23 : 54 – 64 .
   Google Scholar
• Koplin , B. and Agathen , J. 2002 . Suicidality in children and adolescents: A review . Current Opinion in Pediatrics , 14 : 713 – 717 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lader , D. , Singleton , N. and Meltzer , H. 2000 . Psychiatric morbidity among young offenders in England and Wales , London : Office for National Statistics .
   Google Scholar
• Laye-Gindhu , A. and Schonert-Reichl , K. A. 2005 . Nonsuicidal self-harm among community adolescents: Understanding the ‘Whats’ and ‘Whys’ of self-harm . Journal of Youth and Adolescence , 34 : 447 – 457 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morgan , J. and Hawton , K. 2004 . Self-reported suicidal behaviour in juvenile offenders in custody: Prevalence and associated factors . Crisis , 25 : 8 – 11 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Nock , M. K. , Prinstein , M. J. and Sterba , S. K. 2009 . Revealing the form and function of self-injurious thoughts and behaviors: A real-time ecological assessment study among adolescents and young adults . Journal of Abnormal Psychology , 118 : 816 – 827 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O'Connor , R. C. , Rasmussen , S. , Miles , J. and Hawton , K. 2009 . Self-harm in adolescents: Self-report survey in schools in Scotland . British Journal of Psychiatry , 194 ( 1 ) : 68 – 72 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parkin , A. 2000 . Computers in clinical practice: Applying experience from child psychiatry . British Medical Journal , 321 : 615 – 618 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Plutchik , R. and Van Praag , H. 1989 . The measurement of suicidality, aggressivity and impulsivity . Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry , 13 : S23 – S34 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• POST. 2008 . Postnote: Alternatives to custodial sentencing , Milbank, London : Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology .
   Google Scholar
• Power , K. G. and Moodie , E. 1997 . Characteristics and management of prisoners at risk of suicide behaviour . Archives of Suicide Research , 3 : 109 – 123 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rodham , K. , Hawton , K. and Evans , E. 2004 . Reasons for deliberate self-harm: Comparison of self-poisoners and self-cutters in a community sample of adolescents . Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry , 43 ( 1 ) : 80 – 87 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosenberg , M. 2002 . Rosenberg self-esteem scale Available from http://www.bsos.umd.edu/socy/Research/rosenberg.htm
   Google Scholar
• Royal College of Psychiatrists. 2010 . College report CR158: Self-harm, suicide and risk: Helping people who self-harm. Final report of a working group , London : Royal College of Psychiatrists .
   Google Scholar
• Stallard , P. , Thomason , J. and Churchyard , S. 2003 . The mental health of young people attending a youth offending team: A descriptive study . Journal of Adolescence , 26 ( 1 ) : 33 – 43 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Townsend , E. , Hawton , K. , Altman , D. G. , Arensman , E. , Gunnell , D. , Hazell , P. , House , A. and van Heeringen , K. 2001 . The efficacy of problem-solving treatments after deliberate self-harm: Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials with respect to depression, hopelessness and improvement in problems . Psychological Medicine , 31 : 979 – 988 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Townsend , E. , Walker , D. M. , Sargeant , S. , Vostanis , P. , Hawton , K. , Stocker , O. and Sithole , J. 2010 . Systematic review and meta-analysis of interventions relevant for young offenders with mood disorders, anxiety disorders, or self-harm . Journal of Adolescence , 33 ( 1 ) : 9 – 20 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wasserman , G. A. and McReynolds , L. S. 2006 . Suicide risk at juvenile justice intake . Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior , 36 ( 2 ) : 239 – 249 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Youth Justice Board. 2000 . ASSET – Young offender assessment profile: Introduction , London : Youth Justice Board for England and Wales .
   Google Scholar
• Zigmond , A. S. and Snaith , R. P. 1983 . The hospital anxiety and depression scale . Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica , 67 : 361 – 370 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar