Recidivist criminal behaviour and executive functions: a comparative study

References

• Alcázar-Córcoles, M. A., Verdejo-García, A., Bouso-Saiz, J. C., & Bezos-Saldaña, L. (2010). Neuropsicología de la agresión impulsiva [Neuropsychology of impulsive aggression]. Revista de Neurologia, 50, 291–299.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alink, L. R. A., & Egeland, B. (2013). The roles of antisocial history and emerging adulthood developmental adaptation in predicting adult antisocial behavior. Aggressive Behavior, 39, 131–140.10.1002/ab.21464
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anckarsäter, H. (2006). Central nervous changes in social dysfunction: Autism, aggression, and psychopathy. Brain Research Bulletin, 69, 259–265.10.1016/j.brainresbull.2006.01.008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barbosa, M. F. S., & Monteiro, L. M. C. (2008). Recurrent criminal behavior and executive dysfunction. The Spanish Journal of Psychology, 11, 259–265.10.1017/S1138741600004297
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barker, E. D., Séguin, J. R., White, H. R., Bates, M. E., Lacourse, É., Carbonneau, R., & Tremblay, R. E. (2007). Developmental trajectories of male physical violence and theft. Archives of General Psychiatry, 64, 592–599.10.1001/archpsyc.64.5.592
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brill, M. (1937). The validity of the Porteus Maze test. Journal of Educational Psychology, 28, 481–493.10.1037/h0056715
   Google Scholar
• Brower, M. C., & Price, B. H. (2001). Neuropsychiatry of frontal lobe dysfunction in violent and criminal behaviour: A critical review. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, 71, 720–726.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cacioppo, J. T., Amaral, D. G., Blanchard, J. J., Cameron, J. L., Carter, C. S., Crews, D., … Quinn, K. J. (2007). Social neuroscience: Progress and implications for mental health. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 2, 99–123.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Bellis, M. D. (2005). The psychobiology of neglect. Child Maltreatment, 10, 150–172.10.1177/1077559505275116
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Brito, S. A., & Hodgins, S. (2009). Executive functions of persistent violent offenders: A critical review of the literature. In S. Hodgins, E. Viding, & A. Plodowski (Eds.), Persistent violent offenders: Neurobiology and rehabilitation (pp. 167–199). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Dein, K., & Woodbury-Smith, M. (2010). Asperger syndrome and criminal behaviour. Advances in Psychiatric Treatment, 16, 37–43.10.1192/apt.bp.107.005082
   Google Scholar
• Docter, R. F., & Winder, C. L. (1954). Delinquent vs nondelinquent performance on the Porteus Qualitative Maze test. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 18, 71–73.10.1037/h0054124
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Farrington, D. P. (2004). O Estudo de Desenvolvimento da Delinquência de Cambridge: principais resultados dos primeiros 40 anos [Key results from the first forty years of the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development]. In A. C. Fonseca (Ed.), Comportamento antisocial e crime: da infância à idade adulta (pp. 1–10). (S. M. Nogueira, A. C. Fonseca, & M. Oliveira, Trans.) Coimbra: Almedina.
   Google Scholar
• Fernandes, S. (2009). Adaptación del test de Colores y Palabras de Stroop en una Muestra Portuguesa – Influencia de la Reserva Cognitiva en la Función Ejecutiva de Sujetos Sanos y con Enfermedad Tipo Alzheimer de Inicio Tardio [Adaptation of the stroop color and word test to a Portuguese sample: The influence of the cognitive reserve on the executive functions of patients with early-onset Alzheimer’s disease]. Doctoral Thesis presented in Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca.
   Google Scholar
• Fonseca, A. C., & Simões, M. C. T. (2004). Comportamento Antisocial: Técnicas e Instrumentos de Avaliação [Antisocial behavior: Assessment instruments and techniques]. In A. C. Fonseca (Ed.), Comportamento antisocial e crime: da infância à idade adulta (pp. 1–10). Coimbra: Almedina.
   Google Scholar
• Friedman, N. P., Miyake, A., Corley, R. P., Young, S. E., DeFries, J. C., & Hewitt, J. K. (2006). Not all executive functions are related to intelligence. Psychological Science, 17, 172–179.10.1111/j.1467-9280.2006.01681.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fritz, C. O., Morris, P. E., & Richler, J. J. (2012). Effect size estimates: Current use, calculations, and interpretation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 141, 2–18.10.1037/a0024338
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fuster, J. (2000). Executive frontal functions. Experimental Brain Research, 133, 66–70.10.1007/s002210000401
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fuster, J. (2001). The prefrontal cortex – An update: Time is of the essence. Neuron, 30, 319–333.10.1016/S0896-6273(01)00285-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garamszegi, L. Z. (2006). Comparing effect sizes across variables: Generalization without the need for Bonferroni correction. Behavioral Ecology, 17, 682–687.10.1093/beheco/ark005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Giancola, P. (1995). Evidence for dorsolateral and orbital prefrontal cortical involvement in the expression of aggressive behavior. Aggressive Behavior, 21, 431–450.10.1002/(ISSN)1098-2337
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Giancola, P. R., Mezzich, A. C., & Tarter, R. E. (1998). Executive cognitive functioning, temperament, and antisocial behavior in conduct-disordered adolescent females. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 107, 629–641.10.1037/0021-843X.107.4.629
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goldberg, E. (2001). The executive brain: Frontal lobes and the civilized mind. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Golden, C. J. (1978). Stroop color and word test manual. Chicago, IL: Stoelting.
   Google Scholar
• Gunter, T. G., Arndt, S., Wenman, G., Allen, J., Loveless, P., Sieleni, B., & Black, D. W. (2008). Frequency of mental and addictive disorders among 320 men and women entering the Iowa prison system: Use of the MINI-plus. Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law, 36, 27–34.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hancock, M., Tapscott, J. L., & Hoaken, N. S. (2010). Role of executive dysfunction in predicting frequency and severity of violence. Aggressive Behavior, 36, 338–349.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hiatt, K. D., Schmitt, W. A., & Newman, J. P. (2004). Stroop tasks reveal abnormal selective attention among psychopathic offenders. Neuropsychology, 18, 50–59.10.1037/0894-4105.18.1.50
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoaken, P. N. S., Shaughnessy, V. K., & Pihl, R. O. (2003). Executive cognitive functioning and aggression: Is it an issue of impulsivity? Aggressive Behavior, 29, 15–30.10.1002/(ISSN)1098-2337
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Joseph, R. (1999). Environmental influences on neural plasticity, the limbic system, emotional development and attachment: A review. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 29, 189–208.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jurado, M. B., & Rosselli, M. (2007). The elusive nature of executive functions: A review of our current understanding. Neuropsychology Review, 17, 213–233.10.1007/s11065-007-9040-z
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kagan, J. (2004). Comportamento anti-social: Contributos culturais, vivenciais e temperamentais [Antisocial behaviour: Cultural, experiential and temperamental contributions]. In A. C. Fonseca (Ed.), Comportamento anti-social e crime: da infância à idade adulta (pp. 1–10). (L. N. Lima, Trans.). Coimbra: Almedina.
   Google Scholar
• Kortte, K. B., Horner, M. D., & Windham, W. K. (2002). The trail making test, part B: Cognitive flexibility or ability to maintain set? Applied Neuropsychology, 9, 106–109.10.1207/S15324826AN0902_5
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Krikorian, R., & Bartok, J. A. (1998). Developmental data for the Porteus Maze test. The Clinical Neuropsychologist (Neuropsychology, Development and Cognition: Section D), 12, 305–310. 10.1076/clin.12.3.305.1984
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lahey, B. B., & Waldman, I. W. (2004). Predisposição para problemas do comportamento na infância e na adolescência: análise de um modelo desenvolvimentista [A developmental propensity model of the origins of conduct problems during childhood and adolescence]. In A. C. Fonseca (Ed.), Comportamento anti-social e crime: da infância à idade adulta (pp. 161–214). (T. S. Machado, Trans.). Coimbra: Almedina.
   Google Scholar
• Lezak, M. D., Howieson, D. B., & Loring, D. (2004). Neuropsychological Assessment (4th ed). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Mack, J. L., & Patterson, M. B. (1995). Executive dysfunction and Alzheimer's disease: Performance on a test of planning ability, the Porteus Maze test. Neuropsychology, 9, 556–564.10.1037/0894-4105.9.4.556
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McDonald, B. C., Flashman, L. A., & Saykin, J. (2002). Executive dysfunction following traumatic brain injury: Neural substrates and treatment strategies. NeuroRehabilitation, 17, 333–344.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mega, M. S., & Cummings, J. L. (1994). Frontal subcortical circuits and neuropsychiatric disorders. The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 6, 358–370.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meijers, J., Harte, J. M., Jonker, F. A., & Meynen, G. (2015). Prison brain? Executive dysfunction in prisoners. Frontiers in Psychology, 6(43), 1–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller, E. K., & Cohen, J. D. (2001). An integrative theory of prefrontal córtex funcion. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 24, 167–202.10.1146/annurev.neuro.24.1.167
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miyake, A., Friedman, N. P., Emerson, M. J., Witzki, A. H., Howerter, A., & Wager, T. D. (2000). The unity and diversity of executive functions and their contributions to complex “frontal lobe” tasks: A latent variable analysis. Cognitive Psychology, 41, 49–100.10.1006/cogp.1999.0734
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morgan, A., & Lilienfeld, S. (2000). A meta-analytic review of the relation between antisocial behavior and neuropsychological measures of executive function. Clinical Psychology Review, 20, 113–136.10.1016/S0272-7358(98)00096-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murphy, D. (2010). Understanding offenders with autism-spectrum disorders: What can forensic services do? Commentary on ... asperger syndrome and criminal behaviour. Advances in Psychiatric Treatment, 16, 44–46.10.1192/apt.bp.109.006775
   Google Scholar
• Peterson, B. S., Skudlarski, P., Gatenby, J. C., Zhang, H., Anderson, A. W., & Gore, J. C. (1999). An fMRI study of stroop word-color interference: Evidence for cingulate subregions subserving multiple distributed attentional systems. Biological Psychiatry, 45, 1237–1258.10.1016/S0006-3223(99)00056-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pham, T. H., Vanderstukken, O., Philippot, P., & Vanderlinden, M. (2003). Selective attention and executive functions deficits among criminal psychopaths. Aggressive Behavior, 29, 393–405.10.1002/(ISSN)1098-2337
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Porteus, S. D. (1965). Manuel du Test des Labyrinthes de Porteus [Porteus maze test manual]. Paris: Centre de Psychologie Appliquée.
   Google Scholar
• Poythress, N. G., Edens, J. F., Skeem, J. L., Lilienfeld, S. O., Douglas, K. S., Frick, P. J., … Wang, T. (2010). Identifying subtypes among offenders with antisocial personality disorder: A cluster-analytic study. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 119, 389–400.10.1037/a0018611
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raine, A. (2002). Biosocial studies of antisocial and violent behavior in children and adults: A review. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 30, 311–326.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raine, A. (2008). From genes to brain to antisocial behavior. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 17, 323–328.10.1111/cdir.2008.17.issue-5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raine, A., Buchsbaum, M., & Lacasse, L. (1997). Brain abnormalities in murderers indicated by positron emission tomography. Biological Psychiatry, 42, 495–508.10.1016/S0006-3223(96)00362-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raine, A., Meloy, J. R., Bihrle, S., Stoddard, J., Lacasse, L., & Buchsbaum, M. S. (1998). Reduced prefrontal and increased subcortical brain functioning assessed using positron emission tomography in predatory and affective murderers. Behavioral Sciences and the Law, 16, 319–332.10.1002/(ISSN)1099-0798
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raine, A., Moffitt, T. E., Caspi, A., Loeber, R., Stouthamer-Loeber, M., & Lynam, D. (2005). Neurocognitive impairments in boys on the life-course persistent antisocial path. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 114, 38–49.10.1037/0021-843X.114.1.38
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raine, A., & Scerbo, A. (1991). Biological theories of violence. In B. Uzzell (Ed.), Neuropsychology of Aggression (pp. 1–25). Boston, MA: Kluwer Academic.10.1007/978-1-4615-3878-3
   Google Scholar
• Raine, A., & Yang, Y. (2006). Neural foundations to moral reasoning and antisocial behavior. SCAN, 1, 203–213.
   Google Scholar
• Reid, H. M. (2013). Introduction to statistics: Fundamental concepts and procedures of data analysis. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Riddle, M., & Roberts, A. H. (1977). Delinquency, delay of gratification, recidivism, and the Porteus Maze tests. Psychological Bulletin, 84, 417–425.10.1037/0033-2909.84.3.417
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ross, E. H., & Hoaken, P. N. S. (2011). Executive cognitive functioning abilities of male first time and return canadian federal inmates. Canadian Journal of Criminology & Criminal Justice, 377–403.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Slaughter, B., Fann, J. R., & Ehde, D. (2003). Traumatic brain injury in a county jail population: Prevalence, neuropsychological functioning and psychiatric disorders. Brain Injury, 17, 731–741.10.1080/0269905031000088649
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Soloff, P. H., Meltzer, C. C., Becker, C., Greer, P. J., Kelly, T. M., & Constantine, D. (2003). Impulsivity and prefrontal hypometabolism in borderline personality disorder. Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging, 123, 153–163.10.1016/S0925-4927(03)00064-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stiles, J. (2000). Neural plasticity and cognitive development. Developmental Neuropsychology, 18, 237–272.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Strauss, E., Sherman, E. M. S., & Spreen, O. (2006). A compendium of neuropsychological tests: Administration, norms, and commentary. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Stuss, D. T., & Benson, D. F. (1984). Neuropsychological studies of the frontal lobes. Psychological Bulletin, 95, 3–28.10.1037/0033-2909.95.1.3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tuominen, T., Korhonen, T., Hämäläinen, H., Temonen, S., Salo, H., Katajisto, J., & Lauerma, H. (2014). Neurocognitive disorders in sentenced male offenders: Implications for rehabilitation. Criminal Behavior and Mental Health, 24, 36–48.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Willcutt, E. G., Doyle, A. E., Nigg, J. T., Faraone, S. V., & Pennington, B. F. (2005). Validity of the executive function theory of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A meta-analytic review. Biological Psychiatry, 57, 1336–1346.10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.02.006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang, Y., Raine, A., Lencz, T., Bihrle, S., LaCasse, L., & Colletti, P. (2005). Volume reduction in prefrontal gray matter in unsuccessful criminal psychopaths. Biological Psychiatry, 57, 1103–1108.10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.01.021
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Young, S., & Thome, J. (2011). ADHD and offenders. The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry, 12, 124–128.10.3109/15622975.2011.600319
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar