1,623
Views
1
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Psychopathy, the Big Five and empathy as predictors of violence in a forensic sample of substance abusers

ORCID Icon, , , , , , , & show all
Pages 882-900 | Received 10 Oct 2017, Accepted 09 Feb 2018, Published online: 15 Feb 2018

References

  • Alpers, G. W. , & Eisenbarth, H. (2008). Psychopathic Personality Inventory-Revised: PPI-R: German version; Manual . Göttingen: Hogrefe.
  • American Psychiatric Association . (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.
  • Ardelt, M. (2000). Still Stable after all these years? Personality stability theory revisited. Social Psychology Quarterly , 63 (4), 392–405.10.2307/2695848
  • Babiak, P. , Neumann, C. S. , & Hare, R. D. (2010). Corporate psychopathy: Talking the walk. Behavioral Sciences & the Law , 28 (2), 174–193.
  • Barlett, C. P. , & Anderson, C. A. (2012). Direct and indirect relations between the Big 5 personality traits and aggressive and violent behavior. Personality and Individual Differences , 52 (8), 870–875.10.1016/j.paid.2012.01.029
  • Bateman, A. W. , & Fonagy, P. (2004). Mentalization-based treatment of BPD. Journal of Personality Disorders , 18 (1), 36–51.10.1521/pedi.18.1.36.32772
  • Benning, S. D. , Patrick, C. J. , Hicks, B. M. , Blonigen, D. M. , & Krueger, R. F. (2003). Factor structure of the Psychopathic Personality Inventory: Validity and implications for clinical assessment. Psychological Assessment , 15 (3), 340–350.10.1037/1040-3590.15.3.340
  • Benning, S. D. , Patrick, C. J. , Blonigen, D. M. , Hicks, B. M. , & Iacono, W. G. (2005). Estimating facets of psychopathy from normal personality traits: A step toward community epidemiological investigations. Assessment , 12 (1), 3–18.10.1177/1073191104271223
  • Blair, R. , Mitchell, D. , Peschardt, K. S. , Colledge, E. , Leonard, R. A. , Shine, J. H. , … Perrett, D. I. (2004). Reduced sensitivity to others’ fearful expressions in psychopathic individuals. Personality and Individual Differences , 37 (6), 1111–1122.10.1016/j.paid.2003.10.008
  • Bock, E. M. , & Hosser, D. (2014). Empathy as a predictor of recidivism among young adult offenders. Psychology, Crime & Law , 20 (2), 101–115.10.1080/1068316X.2012.749472
  • Costa, P. T. , & McCrae, R. R. (1992). Professional manual: Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) and NEO five-factor inventory (NEO-FFI) . Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.
  • Crawford, V. , Crome, I. B. , & Clancy, C. (2003). Co-existing problems of mental health and substance misuse (dual diagnosis): A literature review. Drugs: Education, Prevention and Policy , 10 (1), 1–74.
  • Cuomo, C. , Sarchiapone, M. , Di Giannantonio, M. , Mancini, M. , & Roy, A. (2008). Aggression, impulsivity, personality traits, and childhood trauma of prisoners with substance abuse and addiction. The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse , 34 (3), 339–345.10.1080/00952990802010884
  • Davis, M. H. (1980). A multidimensional approach to individual differences in empathy. JSAS Catalog of Selected Documents in Psychology , 10 , 85. Retrieved from http://www.uv.es/~friasnav/Davis_1980.pdf
  • Davis, M. H. (1983). Measuring individual differences in empathy: Evidence for a multidimensional approach. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 44 (1), 113–126.10.1037/0022-3514.44.1.113
  • Derefinko, K. J. , & Lynam, D. R. (2007). Using the FFM to conceptualize psychopathy: A test using a drug abusing sample. Journal of Personality Disorders , 21 (6), 638–656.10.1521/pedi.2007.21.6.638
  • Domes, G. , Hollerbach, P. , Vohs, K. , Mokros, A. , & Habermeyer, E. (2013). Emotional empathy and psychopathy in offenders: An experimental study. Journal of Personality Disorders , 27 (1), 67–84.10.1521/pedi.2013.27.1.67
  • Douglas, K. S. , Lilienfeld, S. O. , Skeem, J. L. , Poythress, N. G. , Edens, J. F. , & Patrick, C. J. (2008). Relation of antisocial and psychopathic traits to suicide-related behavior among offenders. Law and Human Behavior , 32 (6), 511–525.10.1007/s10979-007-9122-8
  • Dudeck, M. , Sosic-Vasic, Z. , Otte, S. , Rasche, K. , Leichauer, K. , Tippelt, S. , … Streb, J. (2016). The association of adverse childhood experiences and appetitive aggression with suicide attempts and violent crimes in male forensic psychiatry inpatients. Psychiatry Research , 240 , 352–357.10.1016/j.psychres.2016.04.073
  • Edens, J. F. , & McDermott, B. E. (2010). Examining the construct validity of the psychopathic Personality Inventory–Revised: Preferential correlates of fearless dominance and self-centered impulsivity. Psychological Assessment , 22 (1), 32–42.10.1037/a0018220
  • Edens, J. F. , Poythress, N. G. , Lilienfeld, S. O. , Patrick, C. J. , & Test, A. (2008). Further evidence of the divergent correlates of the Psychopathic Personality Inventory factors: Prediction of institutional misconduct among male prisoners. Psychological Assessment , 20 (1), 86–91.10.1037/1040-3590.20.1.86
  • Eisenbarth, H. , & Alpers, G. W. (2007). Validierung der deutschen Übersetzung des Psychopathy Personality Inventory (PPI) [Validation of the German translation of the Psychopathy Personality Inventory (PPI)]. Zeitschrift für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie , 36 (3), 216–224.
  • Ferrari, V. , Smeraldi, E. , Bottero, G. , & Politi, E. (2014). Addiction and empathy: A preliminary analysis. Neurological Sciences , 35 (6), 855–859.10.1007/s10072-013-1611-6
  • Frazier, S. N. , & Vela, J. (2014). Dialectical behavior therapy for the treatment of anger and aggressive behavior: A review. Aggression and Violent Behavior , 19 (2), 156–163.10.1016/j.avb.2014.02.001
  • Gaughan, E. T. , Miller, J. D. , Pryor, L. R. , & Lynam, D. R. (2009). Comparing two alternative measures of general personality in the assessment of psychopathy: A test of the NEO PI-R and the MPQ. Journal of Personality , 77 (4), 965–996.10.1111/jopy.2009.77.issue-4
  • German Federal Statistical Office . (2015). Strafvollzugsstatistik: Im psychiatrischen Krankenhaus und in der Entziehungsanstalt aufgrund strafrichterlicher Anordnung Untergebrachte (Maßregelvollzug) – 2013/2014 [Penitentiary statistics: Inpatients in mandatory treatment in psychiatric clinics – 2013/2014]. Wiesbaden. Retrieved from https://www.destatis.de/DE/Publikationen/Thematisch/Rechtspflege/StrafverfolgungVollzug/KrankenhausMassregelvollzug5243202149004.pdf?__blob=publicationFile
  • Grann, M. , & Fazel, S. (2004). Substance misuse and violent crime: Swedish population study. BMJ , 328 (7450), 1233–1234.10.1136/bmj.328.7450.1233
  • Gudonis, L. C. , Derefinko, K. , & Giancola, P. R. (2009). The treatment of substance misuse in psychopathic individuals: Why heterogeneity matters. Substance Use & Misuse , 44 (9–10), 1415–1433.10.1080/10826080902961625
  • Hampson, S. E. , & Goldberg, L. R. (2006). A first large cohort study of personality trait stability over the 40 years between elementary school and midlife. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 91 (4), 763–779.10.1037/0022-3514.91.4.763
  • Hare, R. D. (1985). Comparison of procedures for the assessment of psychopathy. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , 53 (1), 7–16.10.1037/0022-006X.53.1.7
  • Hare, R. D. (1991). The Hare Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R) . Toronto, ON: Multi-Health Systems.
  • Hare, R. D. (2003). Manual for the revised psychopathy checklist (2nd ed.). Toronto: Multi-Health Systems.
  • Henry, B. , Caspi, A. , Moffitt, T. E. , & Silva, P. A. (1996). Temperamental and familial predictors of violent and nonviolent criminal convictions: Age 3 to age 18. Developmental Psychology , 32 (4), 614–623.10.1037/0012-1649.32.4.614
  • Hepper, E. G. , Hart, C. M. , Meek, R. , Cisek, S. , & Sedikides, C. (2014). Narcissism and empathy in young offenders and non-offenders. European Journal of Personality , 28 (2), 201–210.10.1002/per.v28.2
  • Hoaken, P. N. S. , & Stewart, S. H. (2003). Drugs of abuse and the elicitation of human aggressive behavior. Addictive Behaviors , 28 , 1533–1554.10.1016/j.addbeh.2003.08.033
  • Hoaken, P. N. , Allaby, D. B. , & Earle, J. (2007). Executive cognitive functioning and the recognition of facial expressions of emotion in incarcerated violent offenders, non-violent offenders, and controls. Aggressive Behavior , 33 , 1–10.
  • Hopley, A. A. , & Brunelle, C. (2012). Personality mediators of psychopathy and substance dependence in male offenders. Addictive Behaviors , 37 (8), 947–955.10.1016/j.addbeh.2012.03.031
  • Jolliffe, D. (2013). Exploring the relationship between the Five-Factor model of personality, social factors and self-reported delinquency. Personality and Individual Differences , 55 (1), 47–52.10.1016/j.paid.2013.01.014
  • Jolliffe, D. , & Farrington, D. P. (2004). Empathy and offending: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Aggression and Violent Behavior , 9 (5), 441–476.10.1016/j.avb.2003.03.001
  • Jones, S. E. , Miller, J. D. , & Lynam, D. R. (2011). Personality, antisocial behavior, and aggression: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Criminal Justice , 39 (4), 329–337.10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2011.03.004
  • Kimonis, E. R. , Tatar, J. R. , & Cauffman, E. (2012). Substance-related disorders among juvenile offenders: What role do psychopathic traits play? Psychology of Addictive Behaviors , 26 (2), 212–225.10.1037/a0028047
  • Kraanen, F. L. , Scholing, A. , & Emmelkamp, P. M. G. (2012). Substance use disorders in forensic psychiatry: Differences among different types of offenders. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology , 56 (8), 1201–1219.10.1177/0306624X11420252
  • Krueger, R. F. , Hicks, B. M. , Patrick, C. J. , Carlson, S. R. , Iacono, W. G. , & McGue, M. (2002). Etiologic connections among substance dependence, antisocial behavior and personality: Modeling the externalizing spectrum. Journal of Abnormal Psychology , 111 (3), 411–424.10.1037/0021-843X.111.3.411
  • Lackner, N. , Unterrainer, H.-F. , & Neubauer, A. C. (2013). Differences in Big Five personality traits between alcohol and polydrug abusers: Implications for treatment in the therapeutic community. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction , 11 (6), 682–692.10.1007/s11469-013-9445-2
  • Lai, V. , Zeng, G. , & Chu, C. M. (2016). Violent and nonviolent youth offenders. Preliminary evidence on group subtypes. Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice , 14 (3), 313–329.10.1177/1541204015615193
  • Laurell, J. , Belfrage, H. , & Hellström, Å. (2010). Facets on the psychopathy checklist screening version and instrumental violence in forensic psychiatric patients. Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health , 20 (4), 285–294.10.1002/cbm.v20:4
  • Lauterbach, O. , & Hosser, D. (2007). Assessing empathy in prisoners – A shortened version of the interpersonal reactivity index. Swiss Journal of Psychology , 66 (2), 91–101.10.1024/1421-0185.66.2.91
  • Leygraf, N.  (2007). Die Maßregeln der Besserung und Sicherung – Anmerkungen aus psychiatrischer Sicht [Mandatory treatment in forensic psychiatry – comments from a psychiatric perspective]. In H.-L. Kröber , D. Dölling , N. Leygraf , & H. Sass (Eds.), Handbuch der Forensischen Psychiatrie. Band 1: Strafrechtliche Grundlagen der Forensischen Psychiatrie (pp. 289–298). Darmstadt: Steinkopff.
  • Lilienfeld, S. O. , & Widows, M. R. (2005). Psychopathic Personality Inventory-Revised (PPI-R) professional manual . Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.
  • Lilienfeld, S. O. , Waldman, I. D. , Landfield, K. , Watts, A. L. , Rubenzer, S. , & Faschingbauer, T. R. (2012). Fearless dominance and the U.S. presidency: Implications of psychopathic personality traits for successful and unsuccessful political leadership. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 103 (3), 489–505.10.1037/a0029392
  • Longato-Stadler, E. , Knorring, L. v. , & Hallman, J. (2009). Mental and personality disorders as well as personality traits in a Swedish male criminal population. Nordic Journal of Psychiatry , 56 (2), 137–144.
  • Lynam, D. R. , Caspi, A. , Moffitt, T. E. , Raine, A. , Loeber, R. , & Stouthamer-Loeber, M. (2005). Adolescent psychopathy and the Big Five: Results from two samples. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology , 33 (4), 431–443.10.1007/s10648-005-5724-0
  • Magyar, M. S. , Edens, J. F. , Lilienfeld, S. O. , Douglas, K. S. , & Poythress, N. G. (2011). Examining the relationship among substance abuse, negative emotionality and impulsivity across subtypes of antisocial and psychopathic substance abusers. Journal of Criminal Justice , 39 (3), 232–237.10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2011.02.013
  • Malterer, M. B. , Lilienfeld, S. O. , Neumann, C. S. , & Newman, J. P. (2010). Concurrent validity of the Psychopathic Personality Inventory with offender and community samples. Assessment , 17 , 3–15.10.1177/1073191109349743
  • McCann, R. A. , Ivanoff, A. , Schmidt, H. , & Beach, B. (2007). Implementing dialectical behavior therapy in residential forensic settings with adults and juveniles. In L. A. Dimeff , K. Koerner , & M. Linehan (Eds.), Dialectical behavior therapy in clinical practice. Applications across disorders and settings (pp. 37–68). New York, NY : Guilford Press.
  • Meijers, J. , Harte, J. , Meynen, G. , & Cuijpers, P. (2017). Differences in executive functioning between violent and non-violent offenders. Psychological Medicine , 47 (10), 1784–1793.10.1017/S0033291717000241
  • Miller, J. D. , & Lynam, D. R. (2003). Psychopathy and the Five-Factor model of personality: A replication and extension. Journal of Personality Assessment , 81 (2), 168–178.10.1207/S15327752JPA8102_08
  • Miller, J. D. , & Lynam, D. R. (2012). An examination of the Psychopathic Personality Inventory’s nomological network: A meta-analytic review. Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment , 3 (3), 305–326.10.1037/a0024567
  • Mullins-Nelson, J. L. , Salekin, R. T. , & Leistico, A.-M. R. (2006). Psychopathy, empathy, and perspective – Taking ability in a community sample: Implications for the successful psychopathy concept. International Journal of Forensic Mental Health , 5 (2), 133–149.10.1080/14999013.2006.10471238
  • National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia University . (2010). Behind bars II: Substance abuse and America’s prison population . Retrieved from http://www.centeronaddiction.org/download/file/fid/487
  • Neumann, C. S. , Malterer, M. B. , & Newman, J. P. (2008). Factor structure of the Psychopathic Personality Inventory (PPI): Findings from a large incarcerated sample. Psychological Assessment , 20 , 169–174.10.1037/1040-3590.20.2.169
  • Ostendorf, F. , & Angleitner, A. (2004). NEO-Persönlichkeitsinventar nach Costa und McCrae, revidierte Fassung (NEO-PI-R) [German version of the NEO Personality Inventory Revised from costa and mccrae]. Göttingen: Hogrefe.
  • Pabst, A. , Kraus, L. , Matos, E. G. d. , & Piontek, D. (2013). Substanzkonsum und substanzbezogene Störungen in Deutschland im Jahr2012 [Substance use and substance-related disorders in Germany in 2012]. Sucht , 59 (6), 321–331.
  • Patrick, C. J. , Edens, J. F. , Poythress, N. G. , Lilienfeld, S. O. , & Benning, S. D. (2006). Construct validity of the Psychopathic Personality Inventory two-factor model with offenders. Psychological Assessment , 18 (2), 204–208.10.1037/1040-3590.18.2.204
  • Paulus, C.  (2009). Der Saarbrücker Persönlichkeitsfragebogen, SPF (IRI) zur Messung von Empathie: Psychometrische Evaluation der deutschen Version des Interpersonal Reactivity Index [The SPF as empathy measure: Psychometric evaluation of the German version of the Interpersonal Reactivity Index]. Retrieved from http://psydok.sulb.uni-saarland.de/volltexte/2009/2363/
  • Pedersen, L. , Kunz, C. , Rasmussen, K. , & Elsass, P. (2010). Psychopathy as a risk factor for violent recidivism: Investigating the psychopathy checklist screening version (PCL:SV) and the comprehensive assessment of psychopathic personality (CAPP) in a forensic psychiatric setting. International Journal of Forensic Mental Health , 9 (4), 308–315.10.1080/14999013.2010.526681
  • Pein, A. , Kliemann, A. , Schläfke, D. , Kupke, F. , Wettermann, A. , Tardel, D. , & Fegert, J. M. (2012). Profitieren dissoziale Sucht-patienten von der DBT-F? [Do antisocial substance abusers benefit from the DBT-F?]. Nervenheilkunde , 31 (1), 30–35.
  • Pereira, N. , Huband, N. , & Duggan, C. (2008). Psychopathy and personality: An investigation of the relationship between the NEO-Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) and the Psychopathy checklist-revised (PCL-R) in a hospitalized sample of male offenders with personality disorder. Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health , 18 (4), 216–223.10.1002/cbm.v18:4
  • Preller, K. H. , Hulka, L. M. , Vonmoos, M. , Jenni, D. , Baumgartner, M. R. , Seifritz, E. , … Quednow, B. B. (2014). Impaired emotional empathy and related social network deficits in cocaine users. Addiction Biology , 19 (3), 452–466.10.1111/adb.12070
  • Rasche, K. , Dudeck, M. , Otte, S. , Klingner, S. , Vasic, N. , & Streb, J. (2016). Factors influencing the pathway from trauma to aggression: A current review of behavioral studies. Neurology, Psychiatry and Brain Research . Advance online publication. doi:10.1016/j.npbr.2016.01.009
  • Ross, S. R. , Benning, S. D. , Patrick, C. J. , Thompson, A. , & Thurston, A. (2008). Factors of the Psychopathic Personality Inventory: Criterion-related validity and relationship to the BIS/BAS and five-factor models of personality. Assessment , 16 (1), 71–87.
  • Salekin, R. T. , Leistico, A.-M. R. , Trobst, K. K. , Schrum, C. L. , & Lochman, J. E. (2005). Adolescent psychopathy and personality theory – The interpersonal circumplex: Expanding evidence of a nomological net. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology , 33 (4), 445–460.10.1007/s10802-005-5726-Y
  • Schmitt, M. (1982). Empathiekonzepte, Entwicklung, Quantifizierung [Concepts of empathy, development, quantification]. Trier: PIV.
  • Sellbom, M. , Ben-Porath, Y. S. , Lilienfeld, S. O. , Patrick, C. J. , & Graham, J. R. (2005). Assessing psychopathic personality traits with the MMPI–2. Journal of Personality Assessment , 85 , 334–343.10.1207/s15327752jpa8503_10
  • Silbereisen, R. K. , & Schulz, W. (1977). Prüfung der Testgüte einer Empathie-Skala [Validating the test quality of an empathy scale]. Diagnostica , 23 , 179–187.
  • Smith, S. S. , & Newman, J. P. (1990). Alcohol and drug abuse-dependence disorders in psychopathic and nonpsychopathic criminal offenders. Journal of Abnormal Psychology , 99 (4), 430–439.10.1037/0021-843X.99.4.430
  • Stenason, L. , & Vernon, P. A. (2016). The Dark Triad, reinforcement sensitivity and substance use. Personality and Individual Differences , 94 , 59–63.10.1016/j.paid.2016.01.010
  • Thoma, P. , Friedmann, C. , & Suchan, B. (2013). Empathy and social problem solving in alcohol dependence, mood disorders and selected personality disorders. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews , 37 (3), 448–470.10.1016/j.neubiorev.2013.01.024
  • Tiihonen, J. , Rautiainen, M.-R. , Ollila, H. M. , Repo-Tiihonen, E. , Virkkunen, M. , Palotie, A. , … Paunio, T. (2015). Genetic background of extreme violent behavior. Molecular Psychiatry , 20 , 786–792.10.1038/mp.2014.130
  • van Dam, C. , Janssens, J. M. , & de Bruyn, E. E. (2005). PEN, Big Five, juvenile delinquency and criminal recidivism. Personality and Individual Differences , 39 (1), 7–19.
  • van Langen, M. , Wissink, I. B. , van Vugt, E. S. , Van der Stouwe, T. , & Stams, G. (2014). The relation between empathy and offending: A meta-analysis. Aggression and Violent Behavior , 19 (2), 179–189.10.1016/j.avb.2014.02.003
  • Vaughn, M. G. , Howard, M. O. , & DeLisi, M. (2008). Psychopathic personality traits and delinquent careers: An empirical examination. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry , 31 (5), 407–416.10.1016/j.ijlp.2008.08.001
  • Von der Haar, M.  (2015). Stichtagserhebung im Maßregelvollzug nach § 64 StGB: Ergebnisse der bundesweiten Erhebung, Ausgabe 20122015 [Annual inquiry in forensic psychiatry under Section 64 of the German Criminal Code – Results of a nationwide survey, issue 2012–2015]. Retrieved from http://www.mrvzn-badrehburg.niedersachsen.de/download/101993/Bericht_2015_BRD.pdf.pdf
  • Walsh, Z. , Allen, L. C. , & Kosson, D. S. (2007). Beyond social deviance: Substance use disorders and the dimensions of psychopathy. Journal of Personality Disorders , 21 (3), 273–288.10.1521/pedi.2007.21.3.273
  • Ware, A. , Wilson, C. , Tapp, J. , & Moore, E. (2016). Mentalisation-based therapy (MBT) in a high-secure hospital setting: Expert by experience feedback on participation. The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology , 1–23.
  • Witt, E. A. , Donnellan, M. B. , & Blonigen, D. M. (2009). Using existing self-report inventories to measure the psychopathic personality traits of Fearless Dominance and Impulsive Antisociality. Journal of Research in Personality , 43 (6), 1006–1016.10.1016/j.jrp.2009.06.010

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.