VOT production by Spanish heritage speakers in a trilingual context

References

• Alarcón, I. (2011). Spanish gender agreement under complete and incomplete acquisition: Early and late bilinguals’ linguistic behavior within the noun phrase. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 14, 332–350. doi: 10.1017/S1366728910000222
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amengual, M. (2012). Interlingual influence in bilingual speech: Cognate status effect in a continuum of bilingualism. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 15, 517–530. doi: 10.1017/S1366728911000460
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Au, T. K., Oh, J. S., Knightly, L. M., Jun, S.-A., & Romo, L. F. (2008). Salvaging a childhood language. Journal of Memory and Language, 58, 998–1011. doi: 10.1016/j.jml.2007.11.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bardel, C. (2006). La connaissance d’une langue étrangère romane favorise-t-elle l’acqusition d’une autre langue romane? Influences translinguistiques dans la syntaxe d’une L3. Acquisition et Interaction en Langue Étrangère, 24, 149–180.
   Google Scholar
• Bardel, C., & Falk, Y. (2007). The role of the second language in third language acquisition: The case of Germanic syntax. Second Language Research, 23, 459–484. doi: 10.1177/0267658307080557
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blank, C. A., & Zimmer, M. C. (2009). A transferência fonético-fonológica L2 (francês) – L3 (inglês): um estudo de caso. Revista de Estudos da Linguagem, 17, 207–233. doi: 10.17851/2237-2083.17.1.207-233
   Google Scholar
• Boersma, P., & Weenink, D. (2014). Praat, a system for doing phonetics by computer. Version 5.3.78. Retrieved from http://www.praat.org
   Google Scholar
• Cabrelli Amaro, J. (2012). L3 phonology: An understudied domain. In J. Cabrelli Amaro, S. Flynn, & J. Rothman (Eds.), Third language acquisition in adulthood (pp. 33–60). Philadelphia, PA: John Benjamins.
   Google Scholar
• Cabrelli Amaro, J., & Rothman, J. (2010). On L3 acquisition and phonological permeability: A new test case for debates on the mental representation of non-native phonological systems. IRAL, International Review of Applied Linguistics in Language Teaching, 48, 275–296.
   Google Scholar
• Caramazza, A., Yeni-Komshian, G. H., Zurif, E. B., & Carbone, E. (1973). The acquisition of a new phonological contrast: The case of stop consonants in French-English bilinguals. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 54, 421–428. doi: 10.1121/1.1913594
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Prada Pérez, A., & Pascual y Cabo, D. (2011). Invariable gusta in the Spanish of heritage speakers in the US. In J. Hershenschon & D. Tanner (Eds.), Proceedings of the 11th generative approaches to second language acquisition (pp. 110–120). Somerville, MA: Cascadilla Proceedings Project.
   Google Scholar
• Falk, Y. (2010). Gingerly studied transfer phenomena in L3 German syntax. The role of the second language in third language acquisition. Utrecht: LOT Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Fellbaum, M. L. (1996). The acquisition of voiceless stops in the interlanguage of second language learners of English and Spanish. Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Spoken Language Processing (pp. 1648–1651). Washington, DC: IEEE Computer Society.
   Google Scholar
• Flege, J. E. (1987). A critical period for learning to pronounce foreign languages? Applied Linguistics, 8, 162–177. doi: 10.1093/applin/8.2.162
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flege, J. E. (1991). Age of learning affects the authenticity of voice-onset time (VOT) in stop consonants produced in a second language. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 89, 395–411. doi: 10.1121/1.400473
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flege, J. E., & Eefting, W. (1987). Production and perception of English stops by native Spanish speakers. Journal of Phonetics, 15, 67–83.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flynn, S., Foley, C., & Vinnitskaya, I. (2004). The cumulative-enhancement model for language acquisition: Comparing adult’s and children’s patterns of development in first, second and third language acquisition of relative clauses. International Journal of Multilingualism, 1, 3–16. doi: 10.1080/14790710408668175
   Google Scholar
• Gut, U. (2010). Cross-linguistic influence in L3 phonological acquisition. International Journal of Multilingualism, 7, 19–38. doi: 10.1080/14790710902972248
   Google Scholar
• Håkansson, G., Pienemann, M., & Sayehli, S. (2002). Transfer and typological proximity in the context of second language processing. Second Language Research, 18, 250–273. doi: 10.1191/0267658302sr206oa
   Google Scholar
• Hammarberg, B., & Hammarberg, B. (1993). Articulatory re-setting in the acquisition of new languages. Phonum, 2, 61–67.
   Google Scholar
• Hoffmann, C. (2001). Towards a description of trilingual competence. The International Journal of Bilingualism, 5, 1–17. doi: 10.1177/13670069010050010101
   Google Scholar
• Knightly, L., Jun, S., Oh, J., & Au, T. K. (2003). Production benefits of childhood overhearing. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 114, 465–474. doi: 10.1121/1.1577560
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kopečková, R. (2014). Crosslinguistic influence in Instructed L3 child phonological acquisition. In M. Pawlak & L. Aronin (Eds.), Essential topics in applied linguistics and multilingualism (pp. 205–224). Cham: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Laufer, C. (1996). The acquisition of a complex phonological contrast: Voice timing patterns of English initial stops by native French speakers. Phonetica, 53, 86–110. doi: 10.1159/000262190
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lisker, L., & Abramson, A. S. (1964). A cross-language study of voicing in initial stops: Acoustical measurements. Word, 20, 384–422. doi: 10.1080/00437956.1964.11659830
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Llama, R., Cardoso, W., & Collins, L. (2010). The influence of language distance and language status on the acquisition of L3 phonology. International Journal of Multilingualism, 7, 39–57. doi: 10.1080/14790710902972255
   Google Scholar
• Martínez Adrián, M. (2005). La hipótesis de la transferencia de la L2 y la adquisición del orden de palabras. RESLA, 17/18, 187–208.
   Google Scholar
• Marx, N. (2002). Never quite a ‘native speaker’: Accent and identity in the L2 and the L1. The Canadian Modern Language Review, 59, 264–281. doi: 10.3138/cmlr.59.2.264
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McLeod, A. A. N., & Stoel-Gammon, C. (2005). Are bilinguals different? What VOT tells us about simultaneous bilinguals. Journal of Multilingual Communication Disorders, 3, 118–127. doi: 10.1080/14769670500066313
   Google Scholar
• Miller, L., & Cuza, A. (2013). On the status of tense and aspect morphology in child heritage Spanish: An analysis of accuracy levels. In J. Cabrelli Amaro, T. Judy, & D. Pascual y Cabo (Eds.), Proceedings of the 12th Generative Approaches to Second Language Acquisition Conference (pp. 117–129). Somerville, MA: Cascadilla Proceedings Project.
   Google Scholar
• Montrul, S. (2010). How similar are adult second language learners and Spanish heritage speakers? Spanish clitics and word order. Applied Psycholinguistics, 31, 167–207. doi: 10.1017/S014271640999021X
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Montrul, S. (2015). The acquisition of heritage languages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Montrul, S., Dias, R., & Santos, H. (2011). Clitics and object expression in the L3 acquisition of Brazilian Portuguese: Structural similarity matters for transfer. Second Language Research, 27, 21–58. doi: 10.1177/0267658310386649
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Montrul, S., & Potowski, P. (2007). Command of gender agreement in school-age Spanish-English bilingual children. International Journal of Bilingualism, 11, 301–328. doi: 10.1177/13670069070110030301
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nearey, T. M., & Rochet, B. L. (1994). Effects of articulation and vowel context on VOT production and perception for French and English stops. Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 24, 1–19. doi: 10.1017/S0025100300004965
   Google Scholar
• Polinsky, M., & Kagan, O. (2007). Heritage languages in the wild and in the classroom. Language and Linguistics Compass, 1, 368–395. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-818X.2007.00022.x
   Google Scholar
• Rao, R. (2014). On the phoneme /b/ in heritage speakers of Spanish. Sintagma, 26, 37–54.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rao, R., & Ronquest, R. (2015). The heritage Spanish phonetic/phonological system: Looking back and moving forward. Studies in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics, 8, 403–414. doi: 10.1515/shll-2015-0016
   Google Scholar
• Rast, R. (2010). The use of prior linguistic knowledge in the early stages of L3 acquisition. IRAL, International Review of Applied Linguistics in Language Teaching, 48, 159–183. doi: 10.1515/iral.2010.008
   Google Scholar
• Ringbom, H. (1987). The role of the first language in foreign language learning. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.
   Google Scholar
• Rosner, B. S., López-Bascuas, L. E., García-Albea, J. E., & Fahey, R. P. (2000). Voice-onset times for Castilian Spanish initial stops. Journal of Phonetics, 28, 217–224. doi: 10.1006/jpho.2000.0113
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sypiańska, J. (2013). Quantity and quality of language use and attrition of L1 Polish due to L2 Danish and L3 English (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań.
   Google Scholar
• Tremblay, M. C. (2007, August). L2 influence on L3 pronunciation: Native-like VOT in the L3 Japanese of English-French bilinguals. Paper presented at the Satellite Workshop of ICPhS XVI, Freiburg, Germany.
   Google Scholar
• Wrembel, M. (2011). Cross-linguistic influence in third language acquisition of voice onset time. In L. Wai-Sum, & E. Zee (Eds.), Proceedings of the 17^th International Congress of Phonetic Sciences (pp. 2157–2160). Hong Kong: City University of Hong Kong.
   Google Scholar
• Wrembel, M. (2014). VOT patterns in the acquisition of third language phonology. Concordia Working Papers in Applied Linguistics, 5, 750–770.
   Google Scholar
• Wrembel, M. (2015). Cross-linguistic influence in second vs. third language acquisition of phonology. In U. Gut, R. Fuchs, & E. M. Wunder (Eds.), Universal or diverse paths to English phonology (pp. 41–70). Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
   Google Scholar
• Wunder, E. M. (2011). Crosslinguistic influence in multilingual language acquisition: Phonology in third or additional language acquisition. In G. de Angelis & J. M. Dewaele (Eds.), New trends in crosslinguistic influence and multilingualism research (pp. 105–128). Clevendon: Multilingual Matters.
   Google Scholar
• Yavaş, M. (2009). Factors influencing the VOT of English long lag stops and interlanguage phonology. In M. A. Watkins, A. S. Rauber, & B. O. Baptista (Eds.), Recent research in second language phonetics/phonology: Perception and production (pp. 244–256). Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
   Google Scholar