References
- 40 Beautiful Tattoos for Girls – Latest Hottest Tattoo Designs. (2016). Retrieved from http://www.prettydesigns.com/22-beautiful-tattoos-for-girls-2016.
- Aronin, L. (2015). Theoretical Underpinnings of the Material Culture of Multilingualism. Unpublished paper. Israel: Oranim Academic College of Education.
- Aronin, L., & Ơ Laoire, M. (2013). The material culture of multilingualism: Moving beyond the linguistic landscape. International Journal of Multilingualism, 10, 225–235. doi: 10.1080/14790718.2012.679734
- Banda, F., & Jimaima, H. (2015). The semiotic ecology of linguistic landscapes in rural Zambia. Journal of Sociolinguistics, 19(5), 643–670. doi: 10.1111/josl.12157
- Blommaert, J., & Huang, A. (2010). Semiotic and spatial scope: Towards a materialist semiotics. Working Papers in Urban Language & Literacies, 62, 1–15.
- Boden, M. (2009). Computer models of creativity. AI Magazine, 30(3), 23–34. doi: 10.1609/aimag.v30i3.2254
- Bucholtz, M., & Hall, K. (2016). Embodied sociolinguistics. In N. Coupland (Ed.), Sociolinguistics: Theoretical debates (pp. 173–197). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Dia de los Muertos: Lively Mexican holiday honors the dead. (n.d.). Retrieved from www.nationalgeographic.org/media/dia-de-los-muertos.
- Fannin, A., & Martinez, E. (n.d.). 13 Very Feminine Spots for a Tattoo. Retrieved from http://lifestyle.allwomenstalk.com/very-feminine-spots-for-a-tattoo.
- Fisher, J. (2002). Tattooing the body, marking culture. Body & Society, 8(4), 91–107. doi: 10.1177/1357034X02008004005
- Halliday, M. A. K. (1978). Language as social semiotic: The social interpretation of language and meaning. London: Edward Arnold.
- Iedema, R. (2003). Multimodality, resemiotization: Extending the analysis of discourse as multi-semiotic practice. Visual Communication, 2(1), 29–57. doi: 10.1177/1470357203002001751
- Jaworski, A., & Thurlow, C. (2010). Introducing semiotic landscapes. In A. Jaworski, & C. Thurlow (Eds.), Semiotic landscapes: Language, image, space (pp. 1–40). London: Continuum.
- Jewitt, C. (2008). The visual in learning and creativity: A review of the literature. London: Institute of Education, University of London.
- Jones, R. (2009). Technology and sites of display. In C. Jewitt (Ed.), Routledge handbook of multimodal analysis (pp. 114–146). London: Routledge.
- Kang, M., & Jones, K. (2007). Why do people get tattoos? Contexts, 6(1), 42–47. doi: 10.1525/ctx.2007.6.1.42
- Kelly-Holmes, H. (2014). Linguistic fetish: The sociolinguistics of visual multilingualism. In D. Machin (Ed.), Visual communication (pp. 135–151). Berlin: De Gruyter.
- Kress, G. (2010). Multimodality: A social semiotic approach to contemporary communication. New York, NY: Routledge.
- Kress, G., & Van Leeuwen, T. (2006). Reading images: The grammar of visual design. London: Routledge.
- Landry, R., & Bourhis, R. (1997). Linguistic landscape and ethnolinguistic vitality. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 16(1), 23–49. doi: 10.1177/0261927X970161002
- Langlotz, A. (2015). Creating social orientation through language: A socio-cognitive theory of situated social meaning. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
- Lee, S., & Carpenter, R. (2015). Creative thinking for 21st century composing practices: Creativity pedagogies across disciplines [Special issue on the WAC, WID, and the performing and visual arts]. Across the Disciplines, 12(4), 1–21.
- Madfis, E., & Arford, T. (2013). The dilemmas of embodied symbolic representation: Regret in contemporary American tattoo narratives. The Social Science Journal, 50, 547–556. doi: 10.1016/j.soscij.2013.07.012
- Mirzoeff, N. (1999). An introduction to visual culture. London: Routledge.
- Mitchell, W. (1995). Picture theory: Essays on verbal and visual representation. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
- Peck, A., & Banda, F. (2014). Observatory’s linguistic landscape: Semiotic appropriation and the reinvention of space. Social Semiotics, 24(3), 302–323. doi: 10.1080/10350330.2014.896651
- Peck, A., & Stroud, C. (2015). Skinscapes. Linguistic Landscape, 1(1–2), 133–151. doi: 10.1075/ll.1.1-2.08pec
- Peck, A., & Williams, Q. (2018). Skinscapes and frictions: An analysis of Zef Hip-Hop ‘Stoeka-style’ tattoos. In A. Peck, Q. Williams, & C. Stroud (Eds.), People in place: Making sense of linguistic landscapes (pp. 91–106). London: Bloomsbury.
- Prior, P., & Hengst, J. (eds.). (2010). Exploring semiotic remediation as discourse practice. Clevedon: Palgrave Macmillan.
- Prison, Ink. (2008). Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/culture/gallery/2008/sep/05/photography.
- Roux, S. (2016). A multisemiotic analysis of ‘skinscapes’ of female students at three western cape universities. Unpublished Master’s Thesis. Cape Town: University of the Western Cape.
- Steinberg, J. (2004). Nongoloza’s children: Western cape prison gangs during and after apartheid. Braamfontein: Centre for the Study of Violence and Reconciliation.
- Stroud, C., & Mpendukana, S. (2010). Multilingual signage: A multimodal approach to discourses of consumption in a South African township. Social Semiotics, 20(5), 469–493. doi: 10.1080/10350330.2010.513174
- Wohlrab, S., Stahl, J., & Kappeler, P. (2007). Modifying the body: Motivations for getting tattooed and pierced. Body Image, 4, 87–95. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2006.12.001