Physical culture and Irish modernity, 1893 to 1918

References

• Addison, H. (2003). Hollywood and the rise of physical culture. London: Psychology Press.
   Google Scholar
• Andreasson, J., & Johansson, T. (2014). The fitness revolution. Historical transformations in the global gym and fitness culture. Sport Science Review, 23(3–4), 91–111.
   Google Scholar
• Athletic and Cycling Union. (1905). Gymnastic section rules. Gymnastic Material. (GDB/C004.06/0049.09.11), Guinness Brewery Archives, Dublin, Ireland.
   Google Scholar
• Barker, A. H. C. (1909). The drilling of boys. Gymnastic Material. (GDB/C004.06/0050), Guinness Brewery Archives, Dublin, Ireland.
   Google Scholar
• Bayly, C. A. (2003). The birth of the modern world, 1780-1914. London: Wiley-Blackwell.
   Google Scholar
• Bluma, L. (2013). The hygienic movement and German mining 1890–1914. European Review of History: Revue Europeenne D’histoire, 20(2), 177–196.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bonde, H. (2013). The politics of the male body in global sport: The Danish involvement. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Bourke, J. (1996). Dismembering the male: Men’s bodies, Britain, and the Great War. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Bowman, T. (2007). Carson’s Army: The Ulster Volunteer Force, 1910-22. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Braun, L. (2014). Breathing race into the machine: The surprising career of the spirometer from plantation to genetics. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.
   Google Scholar
• Bright, D. (1998). The passionate camera: Photography and bodies of desire. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Bromhead, J. (2000). George Cadbury’s contribution to sport. Sports Historian, 20(1), 97–117.
   Google Scholar
• Brown, L. (2003). Fables of modernity: Literature and culture in the English eighteenth century. Cornell: Cornell University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Brown, M. (2017). Cold steel, weak flesh: Mechanism, masculinity and the anxieties of late Victorian empire. Cultural and Social History, 14(2) 1–27.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buckland, P. (1973). Irish Unionism, 1885 – 1923: A documentary history. Belfast: Public Records Office of Northern Ireland.
   Google Scholar
• Budd, M. A. (1997). The sculpture machine. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK.
   Google Scholar
• Campbell, J. D. (2000). Training for sport is training for war: Sport and the transformation of the British army, 1860–1914. The International Journal of the History of Sport, 17(4), 21–58.
   Google Scholar
• Campbell, J. D. (2016). ‘The army isn’t all work’: Physical culture and the evolution of the British Army, 1860–1920. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Chapman, D. L. (1994). Sandow the magnificent: Eugen Sandow and the beginnings of bodybuilding. Chicago, IL: University of Illinois Press.
   Google Scholar
• Cleary, J. (2006). Introduction: Ireland and modernity. In J. Cleary & C. Connolly (Eds.), The Cambridge companion to modern Irish culture (pp. 1–22). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Congáil, R. N. (2013). “Looking on for centuries from the sideline”: Gaelic feminism and the rise of Camogie. Éire-Ireland, 48(1), 168–190.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Connell, R. (2005). Masculinities. Berkley, CA: University of California Press.
   Google Scholar
• Crook, T. (2016). Governing systems: Modernity and the making of public health in England, 1830-1910. Berkley, CA: University of California Press.
   Google Scholar
• Daley, C. (2000). Selling Sandow: Modernity and leisure in early twentieth-century New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of History, 34(2), 241–261.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davenport, P. (2016). Remaking the fighting man. Martial masculinity and the British Army’s command depots, 1915-1918. Contemporary British History, 30(3), 349–367.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de la Peña, C. T. (2003). The body electric: How strange machines built the modern American. New York: New York University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Dellheim, C. (1987). The creation of a company culture: Cadburys, 1861-1931. The American Historical Review, 92(1), 13–44.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dowd, D. L. (1890). Physical culture for home and school: Scientific and practical. New York: Fowler & Wells Co.
   Google Scholar
• Drilling by Civilians in Ulster. (1913). War Office (WO 141/26), National Archive, London, England.
   Google Scholar
• Dublin Working Girls at Drill. (1914, April 25). Weekly Irish Times, 13.
   Google Scholar
• Dublin Working Girls Drilling Association. (1911, May 06). Weekly Irish Times, 06.
   Google Scholar
• Dyer, L., & Day, D. (2017). The industrial middle class and the development of sport and in a railway town. Sport in History, 37(2), 164–182.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fanning, R. (2013). Fatal path: British government and Irish revolution, 1910-1922. London: Faber & Faber.
   Google Scholar
• Farrell, M. (1983). Arming the Protestants: The formation of the Ulster Special Constabulary and the Royal Ulster Constabulary, 1920-7. Ontario: Longwood Press.
   Google Scholar
• Finn, H. (1906, November 03). St. James Gate Gymnasium. Weekly Irish Times. 22.
   Google Scholar
• Finn, H. (1908a, November 28). Physical Culture Notes. Weekly Irish Times, 18.
   Google Scholar
• Finn, H. (1908b, November 07). Physical Culture Notes. Weekly Irish Times, 18.
   Google Scholar
• Finn, H. (1909a, March 06). Physical Culture Notes. Weekly Irish Times, 23.
   Google Scholar
• Finn, H. (1909b, November 13). Physical Culture Notes. Weekly Irish Times, 23.
   Google Scholar
• Finn, H. (1909c, November 13). Physical Culture Notes. Weekly Irish Times, 23.
   Google Scholar
• Finn, H. (1909d, December 18). Physical Culture Notes. Weekly Irish Times, 23.
   Google Scholar
• Finn, H. (1909e, February 20). Physical Culture Notes. Weekly Irish Times, 18.
   Google Scholar
• Finn, H. (1909f, November 27). Physical Culture Notes. Weekly Irish Times, 23.
   Google Scholar
• Finn, H. (1910a, February 19). Physical Culture Notes. Weekly Irish Times. 23.
   Google Scholar
• Finn, H. (1910b, February 12). Physical Culture Notes. Weekly Irish Times, 21.
   Google Scholar
• Fitzsimmons, R. (1901). Physical culture and self defence. London: D. Biddle.
   Google Scholar
• Galbraith, A. M. (1895). Hygiene and physical culture for women. New York: Richard K. Fox.
   Google Scholar
• Garnham, N. (2004). Association football and society in pre-partition Ireland. Belfast: Ulster Historical Foundation.
   Google Scholar
• Griffin, B. (2006). Cycling and gender in Victorian Ireland. Éire-Ireland, 41(1), 213–241.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grob-Fitzgibbon, B. (2007). Turning points of the Irish Revolution: The British government, intelligence, and the cost of indifference, 1912-1921. London: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Gymnastic Notes. (1907a, April 27). Weekly Irish Times, 23.
   Google Scholar
• Gymnastic Notes. (1907b, May 05). Weekly Irish Times, 23.
   Google Scholar
• Hau, M. (2003). The Cult of health and beauty in Germany: A social history, 1890-1930. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Heffernan, C. (2017). Strength peddlers: Eddie O’Callaghan and the selling of Irish strength. Sport in History, 38(1) 1–23.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heggie, V. (2007). Lies, damn lies, and Manchester’s recruiting statistics: Degeneration as an “urban legend” in Victorian and Edwardian Britain. Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences, 63(2), 178–216.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hochstadt, S. (1999). Mobility and modernity: Migration in Germany, 1820-1989. East Lansing, MI: University of Michigan Press.
   Google Scholar
• Holt, R. (2006). The amateur body and the middle-class man: Work, health and style in Victorian Britain. Sport in History, 26(3), 352–369.
   Google Scholar
• Holt, R. (2014). Historians and the History of Sport. Sport in History, 34(1), 1–33.
   Google Scholar
• Hughes, D. (2006). A bottle of Guinness please”. The colourful history of Guinness. Dublin, IE: Phimboy.
   Google Scholar
• Jackson, N. (1902). The Irish Sandow School. London: Reynolds & Co.
   Google Scholar
• Jacob’s Factory. (1913). Industry and welfare. Dublin, IE: Jacob’s Biscuit Factory.
   Google Scholar
• Jacobs’ Factory. (1951). A century of welfarework in industry. Dublin, IE: Jacobs Factory.
   Google Scholar
• Jordan, T. E. (1993). The degeneracy crisis and Victorian youth. New York: SUNY Press.
   Google Scholar
• Judd, J. R. (1889). Manual for physical culture and muscular development. New York: Judd.
   Google Scholar
• Kreis, S. (1995). Early experiments in British scientific management: The health of munitions workers′ committee, 1915-1920. Journal of Management History, 1(2), 65–78.
   Google Scholar
• Lee, J. (1989). Ireland, 1912-1985: Politics and Society. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Leed, E. J. (1979). No man’s land: Combat and identity in World War 1. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Long, V. (2010). The rise and fall of the healthy factory: The politics of industrial health in Britain, 1914-60. London: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Long, V. (2014). Situating the factory canteen in discourses of health and industrial work in Britain (1914-1939). Le Mouvement social, 2(247), 65–83.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lumden, J. (1908). St. Jame’s Gate Cycling and Athletic Union. Gymnastic Material. (GDB/C004.06/0049.09.11), Guinness Brewery Archives, Dublin, Ireland.
   Google Scholar
• MacFadden, B. (1912). MacFadden’s Encyclopedia of physical culture (Vol. 3). New York: Physical Culture Publishing Company.
   Google Scholar
• MacLaren, A. (1869). A system of physical education: Theoretical and practical. London: Macmillan & Co.
   Google Scholar
• Maitiú, S. Ó. (2001). W & R Jacob: Celebrating 150 Years of Irish biscuit making. Dublin, IE: Woodfield Press.
   Google Scholar
• Marks, P. (2015). Bicycles, bangs, and bloomers: The new woman in the popular press. Lousiville. : University Press of Kentucky.
   Google Scholar
• Mason, T., & Riedi, E. (2010). Sport and the military: The British armed forces 1880-1960. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• McAnallen, D. (2014). The radicalisation of the Gaelic Athletic Association in Ulster, 1912-1923: The role of Owen O’Duffy. The International Journal of the History of Sport, 31(7), 704–723.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCrone, K. E. (1988). Playing the game: Sport and the physical emancipation of English women, 1870-1914. Louisville, KY: Kentucky Press.
   Google Scholar
• McDevitt, P. (2004). May the best man win: Sport, masculinity, and nationalism in Great Britain and the Empire, 1880-1935. London: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Minutes of Kingstown and District Unionist. (1911). Unionist Material. (D950/1/147), Public Records Office, Belfast, Northern Ireland.
   Google Scholar
• Morais, D. G. (2013). Branding iron: Eugen Sandow’s ‘modern’ marketing strategies, 1887-1925. Journal of Sport History, 40(2), 193–214.
   Google Scholar
• Moran, J. (2013). The role of the military in the development of physical education in Irish Schools from 1922 to 1973. Unpublished thesis, University College Dublin, Dublin, IE.
   Google Scholar
• Morris, A. D. (2004). Marrow of the nation: A history of sport and physical culture in Republican China. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
   Google Scholar
• Murphy, L. (1947). Witness statement. Bureau of Military History (Witness Statement, 19), Bureau of Military History, Dublin, Ireland.
   Google Scholar
• Neilly, J. M. (1924, January 30). The Irish Times, 07.
   Google Scholar
• O hAonghusa, T. (1923). An Gaedheal óg. Drogheda: Drogheda Independent Co.
   Google Scholar
• O’Buachalla, S. (1980). The letters of PH Pearse. Gerrards Cross: Colin Smythe.
   Google Scholar
• O’Flaherty, L. (1937). The short stories of Liam O’Flaherty. London: Jonathan Cape.
   Google Scholar
• Oldfield, E. A. L. (1955). History of the Army Physical Training Corps. Aldershot: Gale and Polden.
   Google Scholar
• Pearse, P. (1914). At last – An Irish army. The Irish Volunteer, 4(July), 12.
   Google Scholar
• Physical Training in the Army. (1906, April 07). Dublin Daily Express, 7.
   Google Scholar
• Porter, D. (1999). Health, civilization, and the state: A history of public health from ancient to modern times. London: Psychology Press.
   Google Scholar
• Portrait Gallery. (1902). Sandow’s Magazine of Physical Culture, Vol. IX, July to December (1902). London: Gale and Polden.
   Google Scholar
• Programme of Athletic Sports. (1909). Gymnastic section rules. Gymnastic Material. (GDB/C004.06/0049.07), Guinness Brewery Archives, Dublin, Ireland.
   Google Scholar
• Putney, C. (2009). Muscular Christianity: Manhood and sports in Protestant America, 1880-1920. Harvard, MA: Harvard University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Rains, S. (2007). Modernity and consumption in nineteenth century Ireland. Early Popular Visual Culture, 5(3), 285–300.
   Google Scholar
• Rains, S. (2014). “Do you ring? Or are you rung for?”: Mass media, class, and social aspiration in Edwardian Ireland. New Hibernia Review, 18(4), 17–35.
   Google Scholar
• Reader’s Responses. (1903). Sandow’s Magazine of Physical Culture, Vol. X, January to June (1903). London: Gale and Polden.
   Google Scholar
• Roundtable, A. H. R. (2011). Historians and the question of modernity. American Historical Review, 116(3), 631–751.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rouse, P. (2015). Sport and Ireland: A history. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Rutherford, V. (2016). Muscles and morals: Children’s playground culture in Ireland, 1836-1918. In L. Lane & W. Murphy (Eds.), Leisure and the Irish in the nineteenth century (pp. 61–79). Liverpool: Liverpool University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Sandow, E. (1897). Strength and how to obtain it. London: Gale and Polden.
   Google Scholar
• Sandow, E. (1901). Strength and how to obtain it. London: Gale and Polden.
   Google Scholar
• Sandow, E. (1902). The gospel of strength according to Sandow. Melbourne, AU: T. Shaw Fitchett.
   Google Scholar
• Shprintzen, A. D. (2013). The vegetarian crusade: The rise of an American reform movement, 1817-1921. Chapel Hill, NC: UNC Press Books.
   Google Scholar
• Silk, M., Andrews, D., & Thorpe, H. (2017). Introduction. In M. Silk, D. Andrews, & H. Thorpe (Eds.), The Routledge handbook of physical cultural studies (pp. 1–12). London: Routledge,.
   Google Scholar
• Smith, C., Child, J., & Rowlinson, M. (1990). Reshaping work: The Cadbury experience. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• The Police Service. (1909, January 9). Weekly Irish Times, 22.
   Google Scholar
• Todd, J. (1999). Physical culture and the body beautiful: Purposive exercise in the lives of American women, 1800-1870. Macon, GA: Mercer University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Tosh, J. (2005). Manliness and Masculinities in Nineteenth-Century Britain: Essays on gender, family, and empire. London: Pearson Education.
   Google Scholar
• Tumblety, J. (2012). Remaking the male body: Masculinity and the uses of physical culture in interwar and Vichy France. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Turse, N. (2008). Prometheus unbound: The technology of bodybuilding in the nervous age. Past Imperfect (Edmonton, Alta.), 8, 35–44.
   Google Scholar
• Verbrugge, M. H. (2012). Active bodies: A history of women’s physical education in twentieth-century America. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Waller, D. (2011). The perfect man: The muscular life and times of Eugen Sandow, Victorian strongman. London: Victorian Secrets.
   Google Scholar
• Walvin, J. (1975). The people’s game: A social history of British football. London: Allen Lane.
   Google Scholar
• Watt, C. A. (2016). Cultural exchange, appropriation and physical culture: strongman eugen sandow in colonial india, 1904–1905. The International Journal Of The History Of Sport, 33(16), 1921-1942. doi:10.1080/09523367.2017.1283306
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Webster, D., & Gillon, D. (1979). Barbells and beefcake: Illustrated history of bodybuilding. Glasgow, SC: DP Webster.
   Google Scholar
• White, C. (2014). Work and leisure in late nineteenth-century French literature and visual culture: Time, politics and class. London: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Whorton, J. C. (1982). Crusaders for fitness: The history of American health reformers. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Women’s Work & Interests. (1918, April 13). Weekly Irish Times, 04.
   Google Scholar
• Yeates, P. (2000). Lockout Dublin 1913: The most famous labour dispute in Irish history. Dublin, IE: Gill & Macmillan Ltd.
   Google Scholar
• Zweiniger-Bargielowska, I. (2005). The culture of the abdomen: Obesity and reducing in Britain, circa 1900-1939. The Journal of British Studies, 44(2), 239–273.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zweiniger-Bargielowska, I. (2010). Managing the body. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar