Simulated productivity of conceptual, multi-headed tree planting devices

References

• Åhlund J. 1995. Mekaniserad plantering med ECO-Planter 2000 - en prestationsstudie samt systemjämförelse med Silva Nova och manuell plantering [Mechanised forest planting - a study of ECO-Planter 2000 planting machine and a comparison with Silva Nova planting machine and manual planting systems]. Institutionen för skogsteknik, SLU, Garpenberg. Studentuppsatser nr 29.
   Google Scholar
• Andersson P-O, Berglund H, Bäckström P-O. 1977. Simulering av maskinella planteringsorgans arbete [Simulating the operation of mechanized planting units]. Forskningsstiftelsen Skogsarbeten. Redogörelse nr 7.
   Google Scholar
• Asikainen A. 1995. Discrete-event simulation of mechanized wood-harvesting systems [dissertation]. Faculty of Forestry, University of Joensuu.
   Google Scholar
• Bäckström PO. 1978. Mechanized planting - basic conditions, techniques, productivity and costs. Stockholm, Sweden: Forskningstiftelsen Skogsarbeten. Meddelande.
   Google Scholar
• Berg S. 1982. Terrängtypschema [Terrain classification system for forestry work]. Stockholm: Forskningsstiftelsen Skogsarbeten.
   Google Scholar
• Davidsson A. 2002. Utvärdering av granplantering i rektangelförband jämfört med kvadratförband [Evaluation of spruce planting in rectangular spacing compared to square spacing]. Umeå: Institutionen för skogsskötsel, SLU. Examensarbeten 2002–2.
   Google Scholar
• Engqvist M, Moretoft M. 1993. Tidsstudie och produktionsuppföljning på Öje-Planter sommaren 1993 [Time study and production follow-up of an Öje-Planter during summer 1993]. Bispgården: Norra Skogsinstitutet, SLU. Fördjupningsuppgift.
   Google Scholar
• Eriksson T. 2013. Silviculture and environmental consideration. In: Christiansen L, editor. Skogsstatistisk Årsbok [Swedish statistical yearbook of forestry]. Jönköping: Skogsstyrelsen [Swedish Forest Agency]; p. 112–148.
   Google Scholar
• Ersson BT. 2010. Possible concepts for mechanized tree planting in southern Sweden - an introductory essay on forest technology. Umeå: Department of Forest Resource Management, SLU. Arbetsrapport 269. ISSN 1401–1204. ISRN SLU-SRG-AR-269-SE.
   Google Scholar
• Ersson BT, Bergsten U, Lindroos O. 2014. Reloading mechanized tree planting devices faster using a seedling tray carousel. Silva Fennica. 48(2):article id 1064.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ersson BT, Junden L, Bergsten U, Servin M. 2013. Simulated productivity of one- and two-armed tree planting machines. Silva Fennica. 47(2):article id 958.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ersson BT, Petersson M. 2013a. Uppföljning av planteringsmaskinen 2013 - färska planteringar [Follow-up of the planting machine year 2013- freshly planted seedlings]. Växjö: Skoglig Service, Södra Skog. Rapport S50.
   Google Scholar
• Ersson BT, Petersson M. 2013b. Återinventering av 2010 års maskinplanteringar – 3-års uppföljning [Three-year follow-up of 2010’s mechanically planted seedlings]. Växjö: Skoglig Service, Södra Skog. Rapport S048.
   Google Scholar
• Granhus A, Brække FH, Hanssen KH, Haveraaen O. 2003. Effects of partial cutting and scarification on planted Picea abies at mid-elevation sites in south-east Norway. Scand J For Res. 18:237–246.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hallonborg U. 1997. Aspects of mechanized tree planting. SLU. Acta Universitatis Agriculturae Sueciae Silvestria 29.
   Google Scholar
• Hallonborg U, von Hofsten H, Mattson S, Hagberg J, Thorsén Å, Nyström C, Arvidsson H. 1995. Maskinell plantering med Silva Nova -nuvarande status samt utvecklingsmöjligheter i jämförelse med manuell plantering [Mechanized planting with the Silva Nova tree planter -recent state and feasibility compared with manual planting]. Uppsala: Skogforsk. Redogörelse nr 6.
   Google Scholar
• Hallonborg U, von Hofsten H, Mattsson S, Thorsén Å. 1997. Forestry planting machines - a description of the methods and the machines. Uppsala: Skogforsk. Redogörelse nr 7.
   Google Scholar
• Hallongren H, Laine T, Rantala J, Saarinen V-M, Strandström M, Hämäläinen J, Poikela A. 2014. Competitiveness of mechanized tree planting in Finland. Scand J For Res. 29:144–151.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hallsby G, Örlander G. 2004. A comparison of mounding and inverting to establish Norway spruce on podzolic soils in Sweden. Forestry. 77:107–117.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Härkönen M. 2008. M-Planter- ja Bräcke-istutuskoneiden työn laatu [Work quality of M-Planter and Bräcke forest planting machines] [M.Sc. thesis]. Faculty of Forest Sciences, University of Joensuu.
   Google Scholar
• Heiskanen J, Saksa T, Luoranen J. 2013. Soil preparation method affects outplanting success of Norway spruce container seedlings on till soils susceptible to frost heave. Silva Fenn. 47(1):article id 893. doi:10.14214/sf.893
   Google Scholar
• Herlitz A. 1975. Typbestånd i slutavverkning [Typestands for clear cutting]. Institutionen för skogsteknik. Skogshögskolan. Rapport Nr 81.
   Google Scholar
• Huuri O. 1972. The effect of deviating planting techniques on initial development of seedlings of Scots pine and Norway spruce. Communicationes Instituti Forestalis Fenniae. 75:6.
   Google Scholar
• Johansson K, Nilsson U, Örlander G. 2013. A comparison of long-term effects of scarification methods on the establishment of Norway spruce. Forestry. 86:91–98. doi:10.1093/forestry/cps062
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jundén L. 2011. Discrete event simulations in forest technology. Department of Physics/UMIT Research Lab, Umeå University. Master’s Thesis.
   Google Scholar
• Jundén L, Bergström D, Servin M, Bergsten U. 2013. Simulation of boom-corridor thinning using a double-crane system and different levels of automation. Int J For Eng. 24:16–23. doi:10.1080/14942119.2013.798131
   Google Scholar
• Juntunen M-L, Herrala-Ylinen H. 2013. Silviculture. In: Ylitalo E, editor. Metsätilastollinen vuosikirja [Finnish statistical yearbook of forestry]. Sastamala: Metla [Finnish Forest Research Institute]; p. 103–146.
   Google Scholar
• Laine T, Rantala J. 2013. Mechanized tree planting with an excavator-mounted M-Planter planting device. Int J For Eng. 24:183–193. doi:10.1080/14942119.2013.844884
   Google Scholar
• Larsson T. 1976. Blockförekomst i skogsmark [Occurence of stones in forest soils]. Stockholm: Forskningsstiftelsen Skogsarbeten. Ekonomi nr 4.
   Google Scholar
• Lindman J, Näslund B-Å, Olsson P, Samuelsson H. 1985. Radförband [Rectangular line planting]. Stockholm: Forskningsstiftelsen Skogsarbeten. Redogörelse nr 8.
   Google Scholar
• Löf M, Dey DC, Navarro RM, Jacobs DF. 2012. Mechanical site preparation for forest restoration. New For. 43:825–848. doi:10.1007/s11056-012-9332-x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lundqvist L, Elfving B. 2010. Influence of biomechanics and growing space on tree growth in young Pinus sylvestris stands. For Ecol Manage. 260:2143–2147. doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2010.09.006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luoranen J, Rikala R, Smolander H. 2011. Machine planting of Norway spruce by Bracke and Ecoplanter: an evaluation of soil preparation, planting method and seedling performance. Silva Fenn. 45:341–357. doi:10.14214/sf.107
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mattson S. 1997. EcoPlanter, planteringsmaskin med fräs [The EcoPlanter: a mounder-equipped planting machine]. Uppsala: Skogforsk. Resultat nr 4.
   Google Scholar
• Mattsson S, Larsson-Stern M. 2009. Instruktion för plantering [Planting instructions]. Sveaskog.
   Google Scholar
• Nieuwenhuis M, Egan D. 2002. An evaluation and comparison of mechanised and manual tree planting on afforestation and reforestation sites in Ireland. Int J For Eng. 13:11–23.
   Google Scholar
• Nilsson U, Luoranen J, Kolström T, Örlander G, Puttonen P. 2010. Reforestation with planting in northern Europe. Scand J For Res. 25:283–294. doi:10.1080/02827581.2010.498384
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Normark E. 2011. Riktlinjer för uthålligt skogsbruk [Guidelines for sustainable forest management]. Örnsköldsvik, Sweden: Holmen Skog.
   Google Scholar
• Normark E, Norr M. 2002. EcoPlanter - sammanställning av ett utvecklingsprojekt [EcoPlanter - a compilation of the development project]. Örnsköldsvik: Skogsvårdsavdelningen, Holmen Skog.
   Google Scholar
• Olsson MT, Erlandsson M, Lundin L, Nilsson T, Nilsson Å, Stendahl J. 2009. Organic carbon stocks in Swedish Podzol soils in relation to soil hydrology and other site characteristics. Silva Fenn. 43:209–222. doi:10.14214/sf.207
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Örlander G, Gemmel P, Wilhelmsson C. 1991. Effects of scarification, planting depth and planting spot on seedling establishment in a low humidity area in southern Sweden. Umeå: Institutionen för skogsskötsel, SLU. Rapport nr 33.
   Google Scholar
• Rantala J, Harstela P, Saarinen V-M, Tervo, L. 2009. A techno-economic evaluation of Bracke and M-Planter tree planting devices. Silva Fenn. 43(4):659–667. doi:10.14214/sf.186
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rantala J, Laine T. 2010. Productivity of the M-Planter tree-planting device in practice. Silva Fenn. 44:859–869. doi:10.14214/sf.125
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rummukainen A, Kautto K, Tervo L. 2003. Estimating the theoretical development potential of a boom-tip forest planting machine. Balt For. 9:81–86.
   Google Scholar
• Saarinen V-M. 2006. The effects of slash and stump removal on productivity and quality of forest regeneration operations - preliminary results. Biomass Bioenergy. 30:349–356. doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2005.07.014
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saarinen V-M, Hyyti H, Laine T, Strandström M. 2013. Kohti jatkuvatoimista koneistutusta [Towards continuously operating planting machines]. Metsätehon raportti 227.
   Google Scholar
• Saksa T, Heiskanen J, Miina J, Tuomola J, Kolström T. 2005. Multilevel modelling of height growth in young Norway spruce plantations in southern Finland. Silva Fenn. 39:143–153. doi:10.14214/sf.403
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saksa T, Tervo L, Kautto K. 2002. Forest regeneration and slash. Metla [Finnish Forest Research Institute]. Research Papers 851. ISBN 951-40-1831–1.
   Google Scholar
• Salminen H, Varmola M. 1993. Influence of initial spacing and planting design on the development of young Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands. Silva Fenn. 27:21–28. doi:10.14214/sf.a15656
   Google Scholar
• Sängstuvall L, Bergström D, Lämås T, Nordfjell T. 2012. Simulation of harvester productivity in selective and boom-corridor thinning of young forests. Scand J For Res. 27:56–73. doi:10.1080/02827581.2011.628335
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SCA. 2013. Så här ska du plantera [This is how you should plant]. Sundsvall: SCA Skog.
   Google Scholar
• Sjunnesson S. 1970. Simulation as a tool for analysis of man/machine systems for thinning. Institutionen för skogsteknik, Skogshögskolan. Rapporter och Uppsatser 42.
   Google Scholar
• Skogsstyrelsen. 2014. Skogsvårdslagstiftningen [The forestry act]. Jönköping, Sweden: Skogsstyrelsen [The Swedish Forest Agency]. Swedish Forest Agency.
   Google Scholar
• Sønsteby F, Kohmann K. 2003. Forsøk med maskinell planting på Østlandet [Mechanized Planting Trials in Østlandet]. Norsk Institutt for Skogforskning. Oppdragsrapport. 3/03.
   Google Scholar
• St-Amour M. 2009. Reforestation trials with the Bräcke P11.a planter. FPInnovations-FERIC. Advantage Report Vol. 11, No. 19.
   Google Scholar
• Stendahl J, Lundin L, Nilsson T. 2009. The stone and boulder content of Swedish forest soils. Catena. 77:285–291. doi:10.1016/j.catena.2009.02.011
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stiell WM. 1982. Growth of clumped vs. equally spaced trees. For Chron. 58:23–25. doi:10.5558/tfc58023-1
   Google Scholar
• Sundblad L-G. 2009. Grävmaskinburet aggregat klarar både inversmarkberedning och högläggning [A new unit available for mechanized inverting]. Uppsala: Skogforsk. Resultat nr 11.
   Google Scholar
• Sutton RF. 1993. Mounding site preparation: a review of European and North American experience. New For. 7:151–192. doi:10.1007/BF00034198
   Google Scholar
• Ståndortskarteringen [Internet]. 2014. Uppsala: Department of Soil and Environment, SLU; [cited 2014-04-04]. Available from: http://www-markinfo.slu.se/.
   Google Scholar
• Talbot B, Suadicani K. 2005. Analysis of two simulated in-field chipping and extraction systems in spruce thinnings. Biosyst Eng. 91:283–292. doi:10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2005.04.014
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• von der Gönna MA. 1992. Excavator attachments for site preparation in British Columbia. Vancouver (BC): Forest Engineering Research Institute of Canada. Technical Note. TN-180.
   Google Scholar
• von Hofsten H. 1993. Hög kvalitet även på högkvaliteten med Öje-Planter [The Öje Planter machine - good performance at a competitive cost]. Uppsala: Skogforsk. Resultat nr 3.
   Google Scholar