Production of sediment from the running surface of unpaved legacy roads in southeast Ohio, USA

References

• Al-Amoudi O S B, Asi IM, Wahhab HIA, Khan ZA. 2002. Clegg hammer - California-bearing ratio correlations. J Mater Civil Eng. 14(6):512–523.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arnáez J, Larrea V, Ortigosa L. 2004. Surface runoff and soil erosion on unpaved forest roads from rainfall simulation tests in northeastern Spain. Catena. 57(1):1–14.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bilby R E, Sullivan K, Duncan SH. 1989. The generation and fate of road-surface sediment in forested watershed in southwestern Washington. For Sci. 35(2):453–468.
   Google Scholar
• Bloser S, Sheetz B. 2012. Sediment production from unpaved oil well access road in the allegheny national forest. University Park (PA): Center for Dirt and Gravel Road Studies, The Pennsylvania State University. Report prepared for United States Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory through URS Corporation and USDA Northern Research Station.
   Google Scholar
• Coker R J, Fahey BD, Payne JJ. 1993. Fine sediment production from truck traffic, Queen Charlotte forest, Marlborough sounds, New Zealand. J Hydrol. 31(1):56–64.
   Google Scholar
• Cornish P M. 2001. The effects of roading, harvesting and and forest regeneration on streamwater turbidity levels in a moist eucalypt forest. For Ecol Manage. 152:293–312.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Croke J C, Hairsine PB. 2006. Sediment delivery in managed forests: a review. Environ Rev. 14(1):59–87.
   Google Scholar
• Dubé K, Shelly A, Black J, Kuzis K. 2010. Washington road sub-basin scale effectiveness monitoring first sampling event (2006–2008) report. Department of Natural Resources, State of Washington, 102; [accessed 2019 Jan 26]. http://file.dnr.wa.gov/publications/fp_cmer_08_801.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Egan A F. 1999. Forest roads: where soil and water don’t mix. J For. 97(8):18–21.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foltz R, Burroughs E 1990. Sediment production from forest roads with wheel ruts. In: Riggins R, Burce JE, Ranvir E, Rechard S P eds. Watershed planning and analysis in action: proceedings of the symposium, Durango, Colorado: American Society of Civil Engineers. p. 266–275.
   Google Scholar
• Foltz R B, Copeland NS, Eliot WJ. 2009. Reopening abandoned forest roads in northern Idaho, USA: quantification of runoff, sediment concentration, infiltration, and interrill erosion parameters. J Environ Manage. 90:2542–2550.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Froehlich W. 1991. Sediment production from unmetalled road surfaces. In: Peters NE, Walling DE, editors. Sediment and stream water quality in a changing environment: trends and explanation. Wallingford,UK: IAHS Publication; p. 21–29.
   Google Scholar
• Furniss M J, Roelofs TD, Yee CS. 1991. Road construction and maintenance. In: Meehan W, editor. Influences of forest and rangeland manage- ment on salmonid fishes and their habitats. Bethesda (Maryland): Special Publication 18, American Fisheries Society; p. 297–324.
   Google Scholar
• Gruszowski K E, Foster IDL, Lees JA, Charlesworth SM. 2003. Sediment sources and transport pathways in a rural catchment, Herefordshire, UK. Hydrol Process. 17(13):2665–2681.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huntington G, Ksaibati K. 2009. Method for assessing heavy traffic impacts on gravel roads serving oil- and gas-drilling operations. Transp Res Rec. 2101:17–24.
   Google Scholar
• Luce C H, Black TA. 1999. Sediment production from forest roads in western Oregon. Water Resour Res. 35(8):2561–2570.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MacDonald L H, Coe DBR 2008. Road Sediment Production and Delivery: processes and Management. Proceedings of the first World Landslide Forum; Nov 18–21; United Nations University, Tokyo, Japan: The International Programme on Landslides (IPL). p. 385–388.
   Google Scholar
• MacDonald L H, Ramos-Scharrón CE, Coe DBR, Stafford A, Welsh M, Korte A, Libohova Z, Brown E, James C. 2013. Road sediment production and delivery: processes, rates, and possible improvements. In: Geophysical research abstracts. European Geosciences Union (EGU); 15(EGU2013-6606-1).
   Google Scholar
• MacDonald L H, Sampson RW, Anderson DM. 2001. Runoff and road erosion at the plot and road segment scales, St. John, U.S. Virgin Islands. Earth Surf Process Landf. 26:251–272.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marquis P. 2005. Turbidity and suspended sediment as measures of water quality. Streamline Watershed Manage Bull. 9(1):21–23.
   Google Scholar
• Mohajerani A, Nguyen BT, Glavacevic F. 2016. Estimation of resilient modulus of unbound granular materials using Clegg impact value and field stress levels. Transp Geotech. 7:115–129.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• National Council for Air and Stream Improvement, Inc. (NCASI). 2009. Compendium of forestry best management practices for con- trolling nonpoint source pollution in North America. Tech. Bull. No. 966. Research Triangle Park, NC. 230 p; [accessed 2019 Jan 17]. https://www.ncasi.org/Downloads/Download.ashx?id=10204
   Google Scholar
• National Oecanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). 2017. Hydrometeorological design studies center, precipitation frequency data server. Silver Spring (MD): National Weather Service, Office of Water Prediction; [accessed 2017 Jul 4]. https://hdsc.nws.noaa.gov/hdsc/pfds.
   Google Scholar
• Nelson E J, Booth DB. 2002. Sediment sources in an urbanizing, mixed land-use watershed. J Hydrol. 264(1–4):51–68.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Newcombe C P. 2003. Impact assessment model for clear water fishes exposed to excessively cloudy water. J Am Water Resour Assoc. 39(3):529–544.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Orndorff A 2017. Evaluating the effects of sedimentation from forest roads: a review. University of Florida; [accessed 2019 Jan 22]. https://soils.ifas.ufl.edu/media/soilsifasufledu/sws-main-site/pdf/technical-papers/Orndorff_Adam_Immediate_Release.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Pattison J, Boston K, Pyles M. 2010. Development of a correlation model between a 20-kg Clegg hammer and field CBR for measuring subgrade strength in forest roads in western Oregon. Int J For Eng. 21(1):12–19.
   Google Scholar
• Ramos-Scharrón C E. 2010. Sediment production from unpaved roads in a sub-tropical dry setting – southwestern Puerto Rico. Catena. 82(3):146–158.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramos-Scharrón C E, MacDonald LH. 2005. Measurement and prediction of sediment production from unpaved roads, St John, US Virgin Islands. Earth Surf Process Landf. 30:1283–1304.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramos-Scharrón C E, MacDonald LH. 2007. Runoff and suspended sediment yields from unpaved road segment, St John, US Virgin Islands. Hydrol Process. 21(1):35–50.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reid L M, Dunne T. 1984. Sediment production from forest road surfaces. Water Resour Res. 20(11):1753–1761.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rodrigues M F, Reichert JM, Burrow RA, Flores EMM, Minella JPG, Rodrigues LA, Oliveira JSS, Cavalcante RBL. 2018. Coarse and fine sediment sources in nested watersheds with eucalyptus forest. Land Degrad Dev. 29:2237–2253.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sheridan G J, Noske PJ. 2007a. A quantitative study of sediment delivery and stream pollution from different forest road types. Hydrol Process. 21(3):387–398.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sheridan G J, Noske PJ. 2007b. Catchment-scale contributions of forest roads to stream exports of sediment, phosphorus and nitrogen. Hydrol Process. 21(23):3107–3122.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Skaugset A E, Allen MM. 1998. Forest road sediment and drainage monitoring project report for private and state lands in Western Oregon. Salem (Oregon): Oregon Department of Forestry.
   Google Scholar
• Skaugset A E, Reeves GH, Keim RF. 2002. Landslides, Surface Erosion, and Forest Operations in the Oregon Coast Range. In: Hobbs SD, Hayes JP, Johnson RL, Reeves GH, Spies TA, Tappeiner JC, Wells GE, editors. Forest and stream management in the Oregon Coast range. Corvallis, Oregon, USA: Oregon State University Press; p. 213–241.
   Google Scholar
• Sugden B D. 2018. Estimated sediment reduction with forestry best management practices implementation on a legacy forest road network in the northern rocky mountains. For Sci. 64(2):214–224.
   Google Scholar
• Toman E M, Skaugset AE. 2011. Reducing sediment production from forest roads during wet-weather hauling. Transportation Research Record. J Transp Res Board. 2203:13–19.
   Google Scholar
• U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service (USFS). 2009. FY 2008 legacy roads and trails accomplishment report, Pacific Northwest Region; [accessed 2019 Jan 17]. https://www.fs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_DOCUMENTS/stelprdb5318185.pdf
   Google Scholar
• U.S. Environmental Protection (USEPA). 2016. Decision not to regulate forest road discharges under the Clean Water Act; Notice of Decision. Fed Reg. 81(128):43492–43510. [accessed 2019 Jan24]. www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2016-07-05/pdf/2016-15844.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). 1999. Method #160.2: residue, non-filterable (Gravimetric, Dried at 103-105°C) methods for the chemical analysis of water and wastes. (EPA/600/4-79/020); [accessed 2017 Jul 4]. http://www.epa.gov/cincl.
   Google Scholar
• Wemple B C, Jones JA, Grant GE. 1996. Channel network extension by logging roads in two basins, western Cascades, Oregon. Water Resour Bulletin. 32(6):1195–1207.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ziegler A D, Sutherland RA, Giambelluca TW. 1999. Runoff generation and sediment production on unpaved roads, footpaths, and agricultural land surfaces in Northern Thailand. Earth Surf Process Landf. 25:519–534.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ziegler A D, Sutherland RA, Giambelluca TW. 2001. Interstorm surface preparation and sediment detachment by vehicle traffic on unpaved mountain roads. Earth Surf Process Landf. 26:235–250.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar