Increase in cochlear implant electrode impedances with the use of electrical stimulation

References

• Busby, P. A., K. L. Plant, and L. A. Whitford. 2002. “Electrode Impedance in Adults and Children Using the Nucleus 24 Cochlear Implant System.” Cochlear Implants International 3 (2): 87–103. doi:10.1179/cim.2002.3.2.87.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Choi, J., M. R. Payne, L. J. Campbell, C. W. Bester, C. Newbold, H. Eastwood, and S. J. O’Leary. 2017. “Electrode Impedance Fluctuations as a Biomarker for Inner Ear Pathology after Cochlear Implantation.” Otology & Neurotology: Official Publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [and] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology 38 (10): 1433–1439. doi:10.1097/MAO.0000000000001589.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clark, G. M., S. A. Shute, R. K. Shepherd, and T. D. Carter. 1995. “Cochlear Implantation: Osteoneogenesis, Electrode-Tissue Impedance, and Residual Hearing.” The Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology. Supplement 166: 40–42.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dixon, J. F., J. B. Shinn, M. Adkins, B. D. Hardin, and M. L. Bush. 2014. “Middle Ear Disease and Cochlear Implant Function: A Case Study.” Hearing, Balance and Communication 12 (3): 155–158. doi:10.3109/21695717.2014.918757.
   Google Scholar
• Dorman, M. F., L. M. Smith, K. Dankowski, G. McCandless, and J. L. Parkin. 1992. “Long-Term Measures of Electrode Impedance and Auditory Thresholds for the Ineraid Cochlear Implant.” Journal of Speech and Hearing Research 35 (5): 1126–1130. doi:10.1044/jshr.3505.1126.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Henkin, Y., R. Kaplan-Neeman, C. Muchnik, J. Kronenberg, and M. Hildesheimer. 2003. “Changes over Time in Electrical Stimulation Levels and Electrode Impedance Values in Children Using the Nucleus 24M Cochlear Implant.” International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology 67 (8): 873–880. doi:10.1016/S0165-5876(03)00131-9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hey, M., B. Boehnke, N. Dillier, U. Hoppe, G. Eskilsson, K. Löwgren, H. Cullington, H. Mauch, and J. Mueller-Deile. 2015. “The Intra-Cochlear Impedance-Matrix (IIM) Test for the Nucleus (R) cochlear Implant.” Biomedical Engineering 60 (2): 123–133.
   Google Scholar
• Itayem, D. A., D. Sladen, C. L. W. Driscoll, B. A. Neff, C. W. Beatty, and M. L. Carlson. 2017. “Cochlear Implant Associated Labyrinthitis: A Previously Unrecognized Phenomenon with a Distinct Clinical and Electrophysiological Impedance Pattern.” Otology & Neurotology: Official Publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [and] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology 38 (10): e445–e450. doi:10.1097/MAO.0000000000001615.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neuburger, J., T. Lenarz, A. Lesinski-Schiedat, and A. Büchner. 2009. “Spontaneous Increases in Impedance following Cochlear Implantation: Suspected Causes and Management.” International Journal of Audiology 48 (5): 233–239. doi:10.1080/14992020802600808.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Newbold, C., R. Richardson, C. Q. Huang, D. Milojevic, R. Cowan, and R. Shepherd. 2004. “An in Vitro Model for Investigating Impedance Changes with Cell Growth and Electrical Stimulation: Implications for Cochlear implants.” Journal of Neural Engineering 1 (4): 218–227. doi:10.1088/1741-2560/1/4/005.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Newbold, C., R. Richardson, R. Millard, C. Huang, D. Milojevic, R. Shepherd, and R. Cowan. 2010. “Changes in Biphasic Electrode Impedance with Protein Adsorption and Cell Growth.” Journal of Neural Engineering 7 (5): 056011. doi:10.1088/1741-2560/7/5/056011.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Newbold, C., R. Richardson, R. Millard, P. Seligman, R. Cowan, and R. Shepherd. 2011. “Electrical Stimulation Causes Rapid Changes in Electrode Impedance of Cell-Covered Electrodes.” Journal of Neural Engineering 8 (3): 036029. doi:10.1088/1741-2560/8/3/036029.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Newbold, C., S. Mergen, R. Richardson, P. Seligman, R. Millard, R. Cowan, and R. Shepherd. 2014. “Impedance Changes in Chronically Implanted and Stimulated Cochlear Implant Electrodes.” Cochlear Implants International 15 (4): 191–199. doi:10.1179/1754762813Y.0000000050.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Saunders, E., L. T. Cohen, A. Aschendorff, W. Shapiro, M. Knight, M. Stecker, B. Richter, et al. 2002. “Threshold, Comfortable Level and Impedance Changes as a Function of Electrode-Modiolar Distance.” Ear and Hearing 23 (1 Suppl): 28S–40S. doi:10.1097/00003446-200202001-00004.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shaul, C., C. W. Bester, S. Weder, J. Choi, H. Eastwood, K. V. Padmavathi, A. Collins, and S. J. O’Leary. 2019. “Electrical Impedance as a Biomarker for Inner Ear Pathology following Lateral Wall and Peri-Modiolar Cochlear Implantation.” Otol Neurotol 40 (5): e518–e526. doi:10.1097/MAO.0000000000002227.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shepherd, R. K., J. Matsushima, R. L. Martin, and G. M. Clark. 1994. “Cochlear Pathology following Chronic Electrical Stimulation of the Auditory Nerve: II. Deafened Kittens.” Hearing Research 81 (1–2): 150–166. doi:10.1016/0378-5955(94)90162-7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tykocinski, M., L. T. Cohen, and R. S. Cowan. 2005. “Measurement and Analysis of Access Resistance and Polarization Impedance in Cochlear Implant Recipients.” Otol Neurotol 26 (5): 948–956. doi:10.1097/01.mao.0000185056.99888.f3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wolfe, J., E. Schafer, A. Parkinson, A. John, M. Hudson, J. Wheeler, and A. Mucci. 2013. “A. Effects of Input Processing and Type of Personal Frequency Modulation System on Speech-Recognition Performance of Adults with Cochlear Implants.” Ear and Hearing 34 (1): 52–62. doi:10.1097/AUD.0b013e3182611982.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu, J., R. K. Shepherd, R. E. Millard, and G. M. Clark. 1997. “Chronic Electrical Stimulation of the Auditory Nerve at High Stimulus Rates: A Physiological and Histopathological Study.” Hearing Research 105 (1–2): 1–29. doi:10.1016/S0378-5955(96)00193-1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar