Psychosis and Homicide in Sweden—A Time Trend Analysis 1987—2006

REFERENCES

• Appleby , L. , Kapur , N. , Shaw , J. , Hunt , I. , While , D. , Flynn , S. , Windfuhr , K. and Williams , A. 2013 . National Confidential Inquiry into Suicide and Homicide by People with Mental Illness. Annual Report: England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales . Retrieved from www.bbmh.manchester.ac.uk/cmhr/research/centreforsuicideprevention/nci/reports/
   Google Scholar
• Bennett , D. J. , Ogloff , J. R. P. , Mullen , P. E. , Thomas , S. D. M. , Wallace , C. and Short , T. 2011 . Schizophrenia disorders, substance abuse and prior offending in a sequential series of 435 homicides . Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica , 124 (3) : 226 – 233 . doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.2011.01731.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coid , J. 2003 . “ Formulating strategies for the primary prevention of adult antisocial behaviour: “High risk” or “population” strategies? ” . In Early Prevention of Adult Antisocial Behaviour (pp. 32–78) , Edited by: Farrington , D. and Coid , J. Cambridge , , England : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Danielsson , M. and Talbäck , M. 2012 . Health in Sweden: The National Public Health Report 2012. Chapter 1 . Scandinavian Journal of Public Health , 40 : 6 – 22 . doi: 10.1177/1403494812459457
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fazel , S. and Grann , M. 2004 . Psychiatric morbidity among homicide offenders: a Swedish population study . American Journal of Psychiatry , 161 : 2129 – 2131 . doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.161.11.2129
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fazel , S. , Långström , N. , Hjern , A. , Grann , M. and Lichtenstein , P. 2009 . Schizophrenia, substance abuse, and violent crime . Journal of American Medical Association , 301 ( 19 ) : 2016 – 2023 . doi: 10.1001/jama.2009.675
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jörgensen , L. , Ahlbom , A. , Allebeck , P. and Dalman , C. 2010 . The Stockholm non-affective psychoses study (snaps): the importance of including out-patient data in incidence studies . Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica , 121 : 389 – 392 . doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.2009.01500.x,
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Large , M. , Smith , G. and Nielsen , O. 2009 . The relationship between the rate of homicide by those with schizophrenia and the overall homicide rate: A systematic review and meta-analysis . Schizophrenia Research , 112 : 123 – 129 . doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2009.04.004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Large , M. , Smith , G. , Swinson , N. , Shaw , J. and Nielssen , O. 2007 . Homicide due to mental disorder in England and Wales over 50 years . British Journal of Psychiatry , 193 : 130 – 133 . doi: 10.1192/bjp.bp.107.046581
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lindqvist , P. and Gustafsson , L. 1995 . Homicide followed by the offenders suicide in northern Sweden . Nordic Journal of Psychiatry , 49 : 17 – 24 . doi: 10.3109/08039489509011879
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lund , C. and Forsman , A. 2005 . Intended effects and actual outcome of the Forensic Mental Care Act of 1992: A study of 367 cases of forensic psychiatric investigation in Sweden . Nordic Journal of Psychiatry , 59 : 381 – 387 . doi:10.1080/08039480500319571
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meehan , J. , Flynn , S. , Hunt , I. , Robinson , J. , Bickley , H. , Parsons , R. , Amos , T. , Kapur , N. , Appleby , L. and Shaw , J. 2006 . Perpetrators of homicide with schizophrenia: a national clinical survey in England and Wales . Psychiatric Services , 11 : 1648 – 1651 . doi: 10.1176/appi.ps.57.11.1648
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moskowitz , A. , Simpson , A. , McKenna , B. , Skipworth , J. and Barry-Walsh , J. 2006 . The role of mental illness in homicide-suicide in New Zealand, 1991-2000 . Journal of Forensic Psychiatry and Psychology , 17 : 417 – 430 . doi: 10.1080/14789940600761410
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mullen , P. E. 2009 . Facing up to the unpalatable evidence for the sake of our patients . PLOS Medicine , 6 (8) : e1000112 doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1000112
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mulvey , E. , Odgers , C. , Skeem , J. , Gardner , W. , Schubert , C. and Lidz , C. 2006 . Substance use and community violence among high risk psychiatric patients: A test of the relationship at the daily level . Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , 74 : 743 – 754 . doi: 10.1037/0022-006X.74.5.967
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• National Council for Crime Prevention . 2011 . Det dödliga våldets utveckling. [The trend of lethal violence]. Original in Swedish , Stockholm , , Sweden : The National Council for Crime and Crime Prevention .
   Google Scholar
• Nielsen , O. and Large , M. 2010 . Rates of homicide during first episode of psychosis and after treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis . Schizophrenia Bulletin , 36 : 702 – 712 . doi: 10.1093/schbul/sbn144
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Official Report of the Swedish Government . 2006 . Ambition och ansvar [Ambition and responsibility SOU 2006:100]. Original in Swedish Retrieved from http://www.riksdagen.se/sv/Dokument-Lagar/Utredningar/Statens-offentliga-utredningar/Ambition-och-ansvar-Nationell-_GUB3100/
   Google Scholar
• Ösby , U. , Hammar , N. , Brandt , L. , Wicks , S. , Thinsz , Z. , Ekbom , A. and Sparén , P. 2001 . Time trends in first admissions for schizophrenia and paranoid psychosis in Stockholm County, Sweden . Schizophrenia Research , 41 : 247 – 254 . doi: org/10.1016/S0920-9964(00)00124-9
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Petursson , H. and Gudjonsson , G. 1981 . Psychiatric aspects of homicide . Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica , 64 : 363 – 372 . doi: 10.1097/00001504-199911000-00015
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prison and Probation Services . 2013 . Riskbedömning inför fängelsepåföljd. [Risk assessment before prison sentence] Original in Swedish , Norrköping , , Sweden : Prison and Probation Services .
   Google Scholar
• Saleva , O. , Putkonen , H. , Kiviruusu , O. and Lönnqvist , J. 2007 . Homicide-suicide. An event hard to prevent and separate from homicide or suicide . Forensic Science International , 166 : 204 – 208 . doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2006.05.032
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salize , H. and Dressing , H. 2007 . Admission of mentally disordered offenders to specialized forensic care in fifteen European Union member state . Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology , 42 : 336 – 342 . doi: 10.1007/s00127-007-0159-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Short , T. , Thomas , S. , Mullen , P. and Ogloff , J. 2012 . Comparing violence in schizophrenia patients with and without comorbid substance-use disorders to community controls . Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica , : 1 – 8 . doi: 10.1111/acps.12066
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Simpson , A. , McKenna , B. , Moskowitz , A. , Skipworth , J. and Barry-Walsh , J. 2004 . Homicide and mental illness in New Zealand, 1970-2000 . British Journal of Psychiatry , 185 : 394 – 398 . doi: 10.1192/bjp.185.5. 394
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Skeem , J. , Schubert , C. , Odgers , C. , Mulvey , E. , Gardner , W. and Lidz , C. 2006 . Psychiatric symptoms and community violence among high-risk patients: A test of the relationship at the weekly level . Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , 74 : 967 – 979 . doi: 10.1037/0022-006X.74.5.967
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sturup , J. and Lindqvist , P. in press . Homicide offenders 32 years later – A Swedish population-based study on recidivism . Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health , E-Pub ahead of print, doi: 10.1002/cbm. 1896
   Google Scholar
• Swinson , N. , Flynn , S. , While , D. , Roscoe , A. , Kapur , N. , Appleby , L. and Shaw , J. 2011 . Trends in rates of mental illness in homicide perpetrators . British Journal of Psychiatry , 198 : 485489 doi: 10.1192/bjp.bp.110.085357
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taylor , P. and Gunn , J. 1999 . Homicides by people with mental illness: myth and reality . British Journal of Psychiatry , 174 : 9 – 14 . doi: 10.1192/bjp.174.1.9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Volavka , J. and Swanson , J. 2010 . Violent behaviour in mental illness: the role of substance abuse . Journal of the American Medical Association , 304 : 563 – 564 . doi: 10.1001/jama.2010.1097
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar