Ward Climate in a High-Secure Forensic Psychiatric Setting: Comparing Two Instruments

References

• American Psychiatric Association (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed., text revision DSM–IV–TR). Arlington, VA: Author.
   Google Scholar
• Beazley, P., & Gudjonsson, G. (2011). Motivating inpatients to engage with treatment: The role of depression and ward atmosphere. Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 65(2), 95–100.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bell, N., Tonkin, M., Chester, V., & Craig, L. (2017). Adapting measures of social climate for use with individuals with intellectual developmental disability in forensic settings. Psychology, Crime & Law, 24, 362–378.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boone, M., Althoff, M., & Koenraadt, F. (2016). Het leefklimaat in justitiële inrichtingen. Den Haag: Boom.
   Google Scholar
• Bressington, D., Stewart, B., Beer, D., & MacInnes, D. (2011). Levels of service user satisfaction in secure settings a survey of the association between perceived social climate, perceived therapeutic relationship and satisfaction with forensic services. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 48(11), 1349–1356.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bulten, B. H., & Fluttert, F. A. J. (2007). Essen Climate Evaluation Schema (EssenCES-NL). Germany: Institute of Forensic Psychiatry.
   Google Scholar
• Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioural sciences. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
   Google Scholar
• Day, A., Casey, S., Vess, J., & Huisy, G. (2011). Assessing the social climate of Australian prisons. Trends and Issues in Crime and Criminal Justice, 427, 1–6.
   Google Scholar
• De Decker, A., Lemmens, L., van der Helm, P., Bruckers, L., Molenberghs, G., & Tremmery, S. (2018). The relation between aggression and the living group climate in a forensic treatment unit for adolescents: A pilot study. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 62(7), 1821–1837.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Valk, S., Kuiper, C., van der Helm, G. H. P., Maas, A. J. J. A., & Stams, G. J. J. M. (2016). Repression in residential youth care: A scoping review. Adolescent Research Review, 1(3), 195–216.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Vries, M. G., Brazil, I. A., Tonkin, M., & Bulten, B. H. (2016). Ward climate within a high secure forensic psychiatric hospital: Perceptions of patients and nursing staff and the role of patient characteristics. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 30(3), 342–349.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dickens, G. L., Suesse, M., Snyman, P., & Picchioni, M. (2014). Associations between ward climate and patient characteristics in a secure forensic mental health service. The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology, 25(2), 195–211.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doyle, P., Quayle, e., & Newman, E. (2017). Social climate in forensic mental health settings: A systematic review of qualitative studies. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 36, 118–136.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Helmstadte, G. (1964). Principles of psychological measurement. New York: Appleton–Century–Crofts.
   Google Scholar
• Heynen, E., van der Helm, G., H., P., Cima, M., Stams, G., J., J., M., & Korebrits, A. (2016). The relation between living group climate, aggression and callous-unemotional traits in delinquent boys in detention. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 1, 1–18.
   Google Scholar
• Heynen, E. J. E., van der Helm, G. H. P., Stams, G. J. J. M., & Korebrits, A. M. (2014). Measuring group climate in a German youth prison: A German validation of the Prison Group Climate Instrument. Journal of Forensic Psychology Practice, 14(1), 45–54.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Howells, K., & Day, A. (2003). Readiness for anger management: Clinical and theoretical issues. Clinical Psychology Review, 23(2), 319–337.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Howells, K., Tonkin, M., Milburn, C., Lewis, J., Draycot, S., Cordwell, J., … Schalast, N. (2009). The EssenCES measure of social climate: A preliminary validation and normative data in UK high secure hospital settings. Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health, 19(5), 308–320.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kline, R. B. (2005). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Guilford.
   Google Scholar
• Livingston, J. D., & Rossiter, K. R. (2011). Stigma as perceived and experienced by people with mental illness who receive compulsory community treatment: A qualitative study. Stigma Research & Action, 1, 1–8.
   Google Scholar
• Long, C. G., Anagnostakis, K., Fox, E., Silaule, P., Somers, J., West, R., & Webster, A. (2011). Social climate along the pathway of care in women’s secure mental health service: Variation with level of security, patient motivation, therapeutic alliance and level of disturbance. Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health, 21(3), 202–214.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Milsom, S. A., Freestone, M., Duller, R., Bouman, M., & Taylor, C. (2014). Factor structure of the Essen Climate Evaluation Schema measure of social climate in a UK medium security setting. Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health, 24(2), 86–99.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moos, R. H. (1989). Ward Atmosphere Scale manual (2nd ed.). Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press.
   Google Scholar
• Muthén, L. K., & Muthén, B. O. (1998–2011). Mplus user’s guide (6th ed.). Los Angeles, CA: Muthén & Muthén.
   Google Scholar
• Neimeijer, E.G., Roest, J., van der Helm, G.H.P., & Didden, R. (2018). Psychometric properties of the Group Climate Instrument (GCI) in clients with mild intellectual disability or borderline intellectual functioning. Manuscript submitted for publication.
   Google Scholar
• Ros, N., Van der Helm, G. H. P., Wissink, I., Stams, G. G. J. M., & Schaftenaar, P. (2013). Institutional climate and aggression in a secure psychiatric setting. The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology, 24(6), 713–727.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schalast, N., & Laan, J. M. (2017). Measuring social climate in German prisons using the Essen Climate Evaluation Schema. The Prison Journal, 97(2), 166–180.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schalast, N., Redies, M., Collins, M., Stacey, J., & Howells, K. (2008). EssenCES, a short questionnaire for assessing the social climate of forensic psychiatric wards. Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health, 18(1), 49–58.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Schalast, N., & Tonkin, M. (2016). The Essen climate evaluation schema EssenCES: A manual and more. Göttingen, Germany: Hogrefe Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Schubert, C. A., Mulvey, E. P., Loughran, T. A., & Losoya, S. H. (2012). Perceptions of institutional experience and community outcomes for serious adolescent offenders. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 39(1), 71–93.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stams, G. J. J. M., & Van der Helm, G. H. P. (2017). What works in residential programs for aggressive and violent youth? Treating youth at risk for aggressive and violent behavior in (secure) residential care. In P. Sturmey (Eds.), The Wiley handbook of violence and aggression. New Jersey, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
   Google Scholar
• Tonkin, M. (2015). A review of questionnaire measures for assessing the social climate in prisons and forensic psychiatric hospitals. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 60(12), 1–30.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tonkin, M., Howells, K., Ferguson, E., Clark, A., Newberry, M., & Schalast, N. (2012). Lost in translation? Psychometric properties and construct validity of the English Essen Climate Evaluation Schema (EssenCES) social climate questionnaire. Psychological Assessment, 24(3), 573–580.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van der Helm, G. H. P., Beunk, L., Stams, G. J., & van der Laan, P. H. (2014). The relationship between detention length, living group climate, coping, and treatment motivation among juvenile delinquents in a youth correctional facility. The Prison Journal, 94(2), 260–275.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van der Helm, G. H. P., Stams, G. J. J. M., & van der Laan, P. H. (2011). Measuring group climate in prison. The Prison Journal, 91(2), 158–176.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van der Helm, P., Stams, G. J., van Genabeek, M., & van der Laan, P. (2012). Climate, personality, and self-reported aggression in incarcerated male youth. The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology, 23(1), 23–39. Group
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ward, T., Day, A., Howells, K., & Birgden, A. (2004). The multifactor offender readiness model. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 9(6), 645–673.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• World Health Organization (1953). Expert committee on mental health: 3rd report. Geneva, Switzerland: Author.
   Google Scholar
• World Medical Association (2013). World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki: Ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects. Bulletin of the World Heath Organization, 79, 373–374.
   Google Scholar