581
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Risk-Increasing and Risk-Reducing Factors for Violence: A Qualitative Study of Forensic Patients’ Perceptions

, , &

References

  • American Psychological Association. (2020). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (7th ed.). https://doi.org/10.1037/0000165-000
  • Bowers, L., Stewart, D., Papadopoulos, C., Dack, C., Ross, J., Khanom, H., & Jeffery, D. (2011). Inpatient violence and aggression: A literature review. Report from the Conflict and Containment Reduction Research Programme. Section of Mental Health Nursing, Health Service and Population Research, Institute of Psychiatry.
  • Buch Gudde, C., Möller Olsö, T., Whittington, R., & Vatne, S. (2015). Service users' experiences and views of aggressive situations in mental health care: A systematic review and thematic synthesis of qualitative studies. Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare, 8, 449–462. https://doi.org/10.2147/JMDH.S89486
  • Chaplin, R., McGeorge, M., & Lelliott, P. (2006). Violence on inpatient units for people with learning disabilities and mental illness: The experience of service users and staff. The British Journal of Development Disabilities, 52(103), 109–116. https://doi.org/10.1179/096979506799103532
  • Chiringa, J., Robinson, J. E., & Clancy, C. (2014). Reasons for recall following conditional discharge: Explanations given by male patients suffering from dual diagnosis in a London forensic unit. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 21(4), 336–344. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpm.12083
  • Coffey, M. (2012). A risk worth taking? Value differences and alternative risk constructions in accounts given by patients and their community workers following conditional discharge from forensic mental health services. Health, Risk & Society, 14(5), 465–482. https://doi.org/10.1080/13698575.2012.682976
  • Cusack, P., McAndrew, S., Cusack, F., & Warne, T. (2016). Restraining good practice: Reviewing evidence of the effects of restraint from the perspective of service users and mental health professionals in the United Kingdom (UK). Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 24, 681–698. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpm.12410
  • de Vogel, V., Ruiter, C., Bouman, Y. H. A., & de Vries Robbé, M. (2012). SAPROF structured Assessment of PROtective Factors for violence risk. Utrecht.
  • de Vries, M. G., Brazil, I. A., Tonkin, M., & Bulten, B. H. (2016). Ward climate within a high secure forensic psychiatric hospital: Perceptions of patients and nursing staff and the role of patient characteristics. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 30(3), 342–349. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2015.12.007
  • Deering, K., Pawson, C., Summers, N., & Williams, J. (2019). Patient perspectives of helpful risk management practices within mental health services. A mixed studies systematic review of primary research. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 26(5–6), 185–197. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpm.12521
  • Department of Health. (2007). Best practice in managing risk: Principles and guidance for best practice in the assessment and management of risk to self and others in mental health services. Department of Health.
  • Dickens, G., Piccirillo, M., & Alderman, N. (2013). Causes and management of aggression and violence in a forensic mental health service: Perspectives of nurses and patients. International Journal of Mental Health Nursing, 22(6), 532–544. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1447-0349.2012.00888.x
  • Dixon, J. (2012). Mentally disordered offenders’ view of “their” risk assessment and management plans. Health, Risk & Society, 14(7–8), 667–680. https://doi.org/10.1080/13698575.2012.720965
  • Douglas, K. S., Hart, S. D., Webster, C. D., & Belfrage, H. (2013). HCR-20 V3 assessing risk for violence. Mental Health, Law, and Policy Institute, Simon Fraser University.
  • Duxbury, J., & Whittington, R. (2005). Causes and management of patient aggression and violence: Staff and patient perspectives. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 50(5), 469–478.
  • Eidhammer, G., Fluttert, F. A. J., & Björkly, S. (2014). User involvement in structured violence risk management within forensic mental health facilities - a systematic literature review. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 23(19-20), 2716–2724. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.12571
  • Ghio, L., Zanelli, E., Gotelli, S., Rossi, P., Natta, W., & Gabrielli, F. (2011). Involving patients who attempt suicide in suicide prevention: A focus groups study. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 18(6), 510–518. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2850.2011.01697.x
  • Gillig, P. M., Markert, R., Barron, J., & Coleman, F. (1998). A comparison of staff and patient perceptions of the causes and cures of physical aggression on a psychiatric unit. Psychiatric Quarterly, 69(1), 45–60. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022133323566
  • Graneheim, U. H., & Lundman, B. (2004). Qualitative content analysis in nursing research: Concepts, procedures and measures to achieve trustworthiness. Nurse Education Today, 24(2), 105–112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2003.10.001
  • Hallet, N., Huber, J. W., & Dickens, G. L. (2014). Violence prevention in inpatient psychiatric settings: Systematic review of studies about the perceptions of care staff and patients. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 19(5), 502–514. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2014.07.009
  • Hart, S. D., & Logan, C. (2011). Formulation of violence risk using evidence-based assessments: The structured professional judgment approach. In P. Sturmey & M. McMurran (Eds.), Forensic case formulation (pp. 118–126). Wiley-Blackwell.
  • Ilkiw, O., & Grenyer, B. F. S. (2003). Differences between patient and staff perceptions of aggression in mental health units. Psychiatric Services (Washington, D.C.), 54(3), 389–393.
  • Jeffs, L., Rose, D., Macrae, C., Maione, M., & Macmillan, K. M. (2012). What near misses tell us about risk and safety in mental health care. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 19(5), 430–437. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2850.2011.01812.x
  • Kamorowski, J., de Ruiter, C., Schreuder, M., Ask, K., & Jelícic, M. (2021). Forensic mental health practitioners’ use of structured risk assessment instruments, views about bias in risk evaluations, and strategies to counteract it. International Journal of Forensic Mental Health, 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/14999013.2021.1895377
  • Kashiwagi, H., Yamada, Y., Umegaki, Y., Takeda, K., & Hirabayashi, N. (2020). The perspective of forensic inpatients with psychotic disorder on protective factors against risk of violent behavior. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 11, 575529. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.575529
  • Katsakou, C., Rose, D., Amos, T., Bowers, L., McCabe, R., Oliver, D., Wykes, T., & Priebe, S. (2012). Psychiatric patients' views on why their involuntary hospitalisation was right or wrong: A qualitative study. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 47(7), 1169–1179. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-011-0427-z
  • Kontio, R., Anttila, M., Lantta, T., Kauppi, K., Joffe, G., & Välimäki, M. (2014). Toward a safer working environment on psychiatric wards: Service users' delayed perspectives of aggression and violence-related situations and development ideas . Perspectives in Psychiatric Care, 50(4), 271–279. https://doi.org/10.1111/ppc.12054
  • Kroner, D. G. (2012). Service user involvement in risk assessment and management: The transition inventory. Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health : CBMH, 22(2), 136–147. https://doi.org/10.1002/cbm.1825
  • Lamsma, J., Cahn, W., & Fazel, S. (2020). Cognition and violent behavior in psychotic disorders: A nationwide case-control study. Schizophrenia Research. Cognition, 19, 100166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scog.2019.100166
  • Langan, J. (2010). Challenging assumptions about risk factors and the role of screening for violence risk in the field of mental health. Health, Risk & Society, 12(2), 85–100. https://doi.org/10.1080/13698571003632429
  • Langan, J., & Lindow, V. (2004). Living with risk – Mental health service user involvement in risk assessment and management. The Policy Press.
  • Levin, S. K., Nilsen, P., Bendtsen, P., & Bülow, P. (2019). Adherence to planned risk management interventions in Swedish forensic care: What is said and done according to patient records. Int J Law Psychiatry, 64, 71–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijlp.2019.02.003
  • Livingston, J. D., Nijdam-Jones, A., & Team, P. E. E. R. (2013). Perceptions of treatment planning in a forensic mental health hospital: A qualitative, participatory action research study. International Journal of Forensic Mental Health, 12, 42–52. https://doi.org/10.1080/14999013.2013.763390
  • Lockertsen, Ø., Procter, N., Vatnar, S. K. B., Faerden, A., Eriksen, B. M. S., Roaldset, J. O., & Varvin, S. (2018). Screening for risk of violence using service users' self-perceptions: A prospective study from an acute mental health unit. International Journal of Mental Health Nursing, 27(3), 1055–1065. https://doi.org/10.1111/inm.12413
  • Markham, S. (2020). Collaborative risk assessment in secure and forensic mental health settings in the UK. General Psychiatry, 33(5), e100291. https://doi.org/10.1136/gpsych-2020-100291
  • Marshall, L. A., & Adams, E. A. (2018). Building from the ground up: Exploring forensic mental health staff’s relationships with patients. The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology, 29(5), 744–761. https://doi.org/10.1080/14789949.2018.1508486
  • Meehan, T., McIntosh, W., & Bergen, H. (2006). Aggressive behaviour in the high secure forensic setting: The perception of patients. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 13(1), 19–25. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2850.2006.00906.x
  • Nice, G. N. (2015). Violence and Aggression Short-term management in mental health, health and community settings. Updated edition. National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health, The British Psychological Society and The Royal College of Psychiatrists.
  • Nijdam-Jones, A., García-López, E., Aparcero, M., & Rosenfeld, B. (2020). How do Latin American professionals approach violence risk assessment? A qualitative exploratory study. International Journal of Forensic Mental Health, 19(3), 227–240. https://doi.org/10.1080/14999013.2019.1707330
  • Olsson, H., Audulv, Å., Strand, S., & Kristiansen, L. (2015). Reducing or increasing violence in forensic care: A qualitative study of inpatient experiences. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 29(6), 393–400. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2015.06.009
  • Olsson, H., & Schön, U.-K. (2016). Reducing violence in forensic care - how does it resemble the domains of a recovery-oriented care? Journal of Mental Health (Abingdon, England), 25(6), 506–511. https://doi.org/10.3109/09638237.2016.1139075
  • Omérov, M., Edman, G. & Wistedt, B. (2004). Violence and threats of violence within psychiatric care – a comparison of staff and patient experience of the same incident. Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 58(5), 363–369. https://doi.org/10.1080/08039480410005918
  • Papapietro, D. (2019). Involving forensic patients in treatment planning increases cooperation and may reduce violence risk. The Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law, 47(1), 35–41. https://doi.org/10.29158/JAAPL.003815-19
  • Peterson, J., Skeem, J., & Manchak, S. (2011). If you want to know, consider asking: How likely is it that patients will hurt themselves in the future? Psychological Assessment, 23(3), 626–634. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0022971
  • Polacek, M. J., Allen, D. E., Damin-Moss, R. S., Schwartz, A. J. A., Sharp, D., Shattell, M., Souther, J., & Delaney, K. R. (2015). Engagement as an element of safe inpatient psychiatric environments. Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association, 21(3), 181–190. https://doi.org/10.1177/1078390315593107.
  • Pulsford, D., Crumpton, A., Baker, A., Wilkins, T., Wright, K., & Duxbury, J. (2013). Aggression in a high secure hospital: Staff and patient attitudes. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 20(4), 296–304. https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1365-2850.2012.01908.X
  • Ray, I., & Simpson, A. I. F. (2019). Shared risk formulation in forensic psychiatry. The Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law, 47(1), 22–28. https://doi.org/10.29158/JAAPL.003813-19
  • Rimondini, M., Buch, I. M., Mazzi, M. A., Donisi, V., Poli, A., Bovolenta, E., & Moretti, F. (2019). Patient empowerment in risk management: A mixed-method study to explore mental health professionals´ perspective. BMC Health Service Research, 19, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-019-4215-x
  • Roaldset, J. O., & Björkly, S. (2010). Patients' own statements of their future risk for violent and self-harm behaviour: A prospective inpatient and post-discharge follow-up study in an acute psychiatric unit. Psychiatry Research, 178(1), 153–159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2010.04.012
  • Skeem, J. L., Manchak, S. M., Lidz, C. W., & Mulvey, E. P. (2013). The utility of patients' self-perceptions of violence risk: Consider asking the person who may know best . Psychiatric Services (Washington, D.C.), 64(5), 410–415. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.001312012
  • Smith, K. J., Macpherson, G., O’Rourke, S., & Kelly, C. (2020). The relationship between insight and violence in psychosis: A systematic literature review. The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology, 31(2), 183–221. https://doi.org/10.1080/14789949.2019.1706760
  • Statens offentliga utredningar. (2004). Riskbedömningar inom den specialiserade psykiatriska vården – En kartläggning. Socialstyrelsen.
  • Statens offentliga utredningar. (2006). Nationell Psykiatrisamordning, Slutrapport och Förslag (2016.91). Socialstyrelsen.
  • Statens offentliga utredningar. (2017). Kunskapsbaserad och jämlik vård – Förutsättningar för en lärande hälso- och sjukvård. Socialstyrelsen.
  • Tingleff, E. B., Bradley, S. K., Gildberg, F. A., Munksgaard, G., & Hounsgaard, L. (2017). “Treat me with respect”. A systematic review and thematic analysis of psychiatric patients' reported perceptions of the situations associated with the process of coercion. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 24(9–10), 681–698. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpm.12410
  • Webster, C. D., Martin, M. L., Brink, J., Nicholls, T. L., & Middleton, C. (2004). Manual for the short-term assessment of risk and treatability (START) (version 1.0). Forensic Psychiatric Services Commission.
  • Winship, G. (2014). A qualitative study into the attitudes of patients and staff towards violence and aggression in a high security hospital. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 21, 184–188. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpm.12108
  • Witt, K., van Dorn, R., & Fazel, S. (2013). Risk factors for violence in psychosis: Systematic review and meta-regression analysis of 110 studies. PLoS One., 8(9), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.055942

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.