Media Coverage of Public Health Epidemics: Linking Framing and Issue Attention Cycle Toward an Integrated Theory of Print News Coverage of Epidemics

REFERENCES

• Ball-Rokeach , R. and DeFleur , C. 1976 . Dependency model . Communication Research , 3 : 6 – 17 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bennett , L. W. 2001 . News: The politics of illusion , New York : Addison Wesley Longman .
   Google Scholar
• Brossard , D. , Shanahan , J. and McComas , K. 2004 . Are issue-cycles culturally constructed? A Comparison of French and American coverage of global climate change . Mass Communication and Society , 7 ( 3 ) : 359 – 377 .
   Google Scholar
• Cappella , J. N. and Jamieson , K. H. 1996 . News frames, political cynicism, and media cynicism . Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science , 546 : 71 – 84 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cappella , J. N. and Jamieson , K. H. 1997 . The spiral of cynicism: The press and the public good , New York : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2005a). About BSE. Atlanta, GA: Author. Retrieved December 8, 2005, from http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvrd/bse/
   Google Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2005b). Avian influenza. Atlanta, GA: Author. Retrieved December 8, 2005, from http://www.cdc.gov/flu/avian/
   Google Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2007). Chapter 4–Prevention of specific infectious diseases. Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy and Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Atlanta, GA: Author. Retrieved May 23, 2007, from http://www2.ncid.cdc.gov/travel/yb/utils/ybGet.asp?sec tion=dis&obj=madcow.htm
   Google Scholar
• Clarke , J. N. , McLellan , L. and Hoffman-Goetz , L. 2006 . The portrayal of HIV/AIDS in two popular African American magazines . Journal of Health Communication , 11 ( 5 ) : 495 – 507 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Downs , A. 1972 . Up and down with ecology–The “issue-attention cycle.” . The Public Interest , 28 : 38 – 51 .
   Google Scholar
• Entman , R. M. 1993 . Framing: Toward clarification of a fractured paradigm . Journal of Communication , 43 ( 4 ) : 51 – 58 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gamson , W. and Modigliani , A. 1989 . Media discourse and public opinion on nuclear power: A constructionist approach . American Journal of Sociology , 95 : 1 – 37 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gans , H. J. 1979 . Deciding what's news: A study of CBS evening news, NBC nightly news, Newsweek and Time , New York : Vintage .
   Google Scholar
• Gitlin , T. 1980 . The whole world is watching: Mass media in the making and unmaking of the new left , Berkeley : University of California Press .
   Google Scholar
• Graber , D. 1988 . Processing the news: How people tame the information tide , New York : Longman .
   Google Scholar
• Griffin , R. J. , Dunwoody , S. and Gehrmann , C. 1995 . The effects of community pluralism on press coverage of health risks from local environmental contamination . Risk Analysis , 15 : 449 – 458 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hansen , A. 1991 . The media and the social construction of the environment . Media, Culture, and Society , 13 : 443 – 458 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hilgartner , S. and Bosk , C. L. 1988 . The rise and fall of social problems: A public arenas model . American Journal of Sociology , 94 ( 1 ) : 53 – 78 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iyengar , S. 1991 . Who is responsible? , Chicago : The University of Chicago Press .
   Google Scholar
• Luther , C. A. and Zhou , X. 2005 . Within the boundaries of politics: News framing of SARS in China and the United States . Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly , 82 ( 4 ) : 857 – 872 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malek , A. 1997 . News media and foreign relations , Norwood, NJ : Ablex .
   Google Scholar
• McComas , K. and Shanahan , J. E. 1999 . Telling stories about global climate change: Measuring the impact of narratives on issue cycles . Communication Research , 1 : 30 – 57 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCombs , M. , Einsiedel , E. and Weaver , D. 1991 . Contemporary public opinion: Issues and the news , Hillsdale, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum .
   Google Scholar
• Nisbet , M. C. , Brossard , D. and Kroepsch , A. 2003 . Framing science: The stem cell controversy in an age of press/politics . Harvard International Journal of Press/Politics , 8 ( 2 ) : 36 – 70 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nisbet , M. C. and Huge , M. 2006 . Attention cycles and frames in the Plant Biotechnology Debate: managing power and participation through the press/policy connection . Harvard International Journal of Press/Politics , 11 ( 2 ) : 3 – 40 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nisbet , M. C. and Huge , M. 2007 . “ Where do science debates come from? Understanding attention cycles and framing ” . In The media, the public, and agricultural biotechnology , Edited by: Brossard , D. , Nesbitt , C. and Shanahan , J. 193 – 230 . Oxford, , UK : CABI. .
   Google Scholar
• Price , V. and Tewksbury , D. 1997 . “ News values and public opinion: A theoretical account of media priming and framing ” . In Progress in communication science , Edited by: Barnett , G. A. and Boster , F. J. Vol. 13 , 173 – 212 . Greenwich, CT : Ablex. .
   Google Scholar
• Price , V. , Tewksbury , D. and Powers , E. 1997 . Switching trains of thought: The impact of news frames on readers' cognitive responses . Communication Research , 24 : 481 – 506 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scott , W. A. 1955 . Reliability of content analysis: The case of nominal scale coding . Public Opinion Quarterly , 19 : 321 – 325 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scheufele , D. A. 1999 . Framing as a theory of media effects . Journal of Communication , 29 : 103 – 123 .
   Google Scholar
• Scheufele , D. A. 2000 . Agenda-setting, priming, and framing revisited: Another look at cognitive effects of political communication . Mass Communication & Society , 3 : 297 – 316 .
   Google Scholar
• Scheufele , D. and Lewenstein , B. 2005 . The public and naotechnology: How citizens make sense of emerging technologies . Journal of Nanoparticle Research , 7 ( 6 ) : 659 – 667 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singer , E. and Endreny , P. M. 1994 . Reporting on risk: How the mass media portray accidents, diseases, disasters and other hazards . Risk: Health, Safety, and Environment , 5 ( 3 ) : 261 – 270 .
   Google Scholar
• Tian , Y. and Stewart , C. M. 2005 . Framing the SARS crisis: A computer-assisted text analysis of CNN and BBC online news reports of SARS . Asian Journal of Communication , 15 ( 3 ) : 289 – 301 .
   Google Scholar
• Ungar , S. 1992 . The rise and (relative) decline of global warming as a social problem . The Sociological Quarterly , 33 : 483 – 501 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ungar , S. 1995 . Social scares and global warming: Beyond the Rio convention . Society and Natural Resources , 8 : 443 – 456 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wallis , P. and Nerlich , B. 2005 . Disease metaphors in new epidemics: The UK media framing of the 2003 SARS epidemic . Social Science & Medicine , 60 ( 11 ) : 2629 – 2639 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wimmer , R. D. and Dominick , J. R. 1994 . Mass media research: An introduction , 5th , Belmont, CA : Wadsworth .
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. (2002a). Epidemic and pandemic alert and response–West Nile Virus. Geneva, Switzerland: Author. Retrieved December 12, 2005, from http://www.who.int/csr/don/2002_11_27/en/index.html
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. (2002b). Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (Fact Sheet No. 180). Geneva, Switzerland: Author. Retrieved December 10, 2005, from http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs180/en/
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. (2006). Epidemic and pandemic alert and response–Avian influenza. Geneva, Switzerland: Author. Retrieved September 10, 2006, from http://www.who.int/csr/disease/avian_influenza/en/
   Google Scholar
• Wu , M. 2006 . Framing AIDS in China: A comparative analysis of US and Chinese wire news coverage of HIV/AIDS in China . Asian Journal of Communication , 16 ( 3 ) : 251 – 272 .
   Google Scholar