References
- Abbott, H. P. (2002). The Cambridge introduction to narrative. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
- Alter, A. L., Oppenheimer, D. M., Epley, N., & Eyre, R. N. (2007). Overcoming intuition: Metacognitive difficulty activates analytic reasoning. Journal of Experimental Psychology. General, 136(4), 569–576. doi:10.1037/0096-3445.136.4.569
- Alter, A. L., & Oppenheimer, D. M. (2009). Uniting the tribes of fluency to form a metacognitive nation. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 13(3), 219–235. doi:10.1177/1088868309341564
- Appel, M., Gnambs, T., & Maio, G. (2012). A short measure of the need for affect. Journal of Personality Assessment, 94(4), 418–426. doi:10.1080/00223891.2012.666921
- Appel, M., Gnambs, T., Richter, T., & Green, M. C. (2015). The transportation scale–short form (TS–SF). Media Psychology, 18(2), 243–266. doi:10.1080/15213269.2014.987400
- Appel, M., Marker, C., & Gnambs, T. (2020). Are social media ruining our lives? A review of meta-analytic evidence. Review of General Psychology, 24(1), 60–74. doi:10.1177/1089268019880891
- Appel, M., & Richter, T. (2010). Transportation and need for affect in narrative persuasion: A mediated moderation model. Media Psychology, 13(2), 101–135. doi:10.1080/15213261003799847
- Appel, M., Schreiner, C., Haffmans, M.-B., & Richter, T. (2019). The mediating role of event-congruent emotions in narrative persuasion. Poetics, 77, 101385. doi:10.1016/j.poetic.2019.101385
- Bababekova, Y., Rosenfield, M., Hue, J. E., & Huang, R. R. (2011). Font size and viewing distance of handheld smart phones. Optometry and Vision Science, 88(7), 795–797. doi:10.1097/OPX.0b013e3182198792
- Bellman, S., Schweda, A., & Varan, D. (2009). Viewing Angle Matters-Screen Type Does Not. Journal of Communication, 59(3), 609–634. doi:10.1111/j.1460-2466.2009.01441.x
- Bilandzic, H., Sukalla, F., Schnell, C., Hastall, M. R., & Busselle, R. W. (2019). The Narrative Engageability Scale: A multidimensional trait measure for the propensity to become engaged in a story. International Journal of Communication, 13, 801–832.
- Black, J., & Barnes, J. L. (2015). Fiction and social cognition: The effect of viewing award-winning television dramas on theory of mind. Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts, 9(4), 423–429. doi:10.1037/aca0000031
- Bracken, C. C., & Pettey, G. (2007). It is REALLY a smaller (and smaller) world: Presence and small screens. Paper presented at the 10th International Workshop on Presence, Barcelona, Spain.
- Busselle, R., & Bilandzic, H. (2008). Fictionality and perceived realism in experiencing stories: A model of narrative comprehension and engagement. Communication Theory, 18(2), 255–280. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2885.2008.00322.x
- CARE Norway (Producer). (2015). Lieber Papa [Dear Daddy] [ short film]. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2yFJpTemg0M, English version https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dP7OXDWof30
- Charness, N., Dijkstra, K., Jastrzembski, T., Weaver, S., & Champion, M. (2008, September). Monitor viewing distance for younger and older workers. In Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting (Vol. 52, No. 19, pp. 1614–1617). Sage CA, Los Angeles, CA: SAGE Publications.
- Chateau, D., & Moure, J. (2016). Screens: From materiality to spectatorship–a historical and theoretical reassessment. Amsterdam, NL: Amsterdam University Press.
- Clark, D. (2018). More than 75% of worldwide video viewing is mobile. https://www.emarketer.com/newsroom/index.php/threequarters-video-viewing-mobile/
- Cohen, J. (1992). A power primer. Psychological Bulletin, 112(1), 155–159. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.112.1.155
- Cohen, J. (2001). Defining identification: A theoretical look at the identification of audiences with media characters. Mass Communication and Society, 4(3), 245–264. doi:10.1207/S15327825MCS0403_01
- Cummings, J. J., & Bailenson, J. N. (2016). How immersive is enough? A meta-analysis of the effect of immersive technology on user presence. Media Psychology, 19(2), 272–309. doi:10.1080/15213269.2015.1015740
- Dessart, L. (2018). Do ads that tell a story always perform better? The role of character identification and character type in storytelling ads. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 35(2), 289–304. doi:10.1016/j.ijresmar.2017.12.009
- Dienes, Z. (2014). Using Bayes to get the most out of non-significant results. Frontiers in Psychology, 5, 781. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00781
- Dill-Shackleford, K. E., Vinney, C., & Hopper-Losenicky, K. (2016). Connecting the dots between fantasy and reality: The social psychology of our engagement with fictional narrative and its functional value. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 10(11), 634–646. doi:10.1111/spc3.12274
- Dunaway, J., & Soroka, S. (2021). Smartphone-size screens constrain cognitive access to video news stories. Information, Communication & Society, 24(1), 69–84. doi:10.1080/1369118X.2019.1631367
- Flanagan, L. (2014). Mind the gap [short film]. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e56GqgMFp9A
- Gebbers, T., De Wit, J. B. F., & Appel, M. (2017). Health communication - transportation into narrative worlds and the motivation to change health-related behavior. International Journal of Communication, 11, 4886–4906.
- Gerrig, R. J. (1993). Experiencing narrative worlds: On the psychological activities of reading. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
- Godard, J.-L. (1997). Miniature pleasures: On watching films on an iPhone. In J. Geiger & K. Littau (Eds.), Cinematicity in media history (pp. 196–210). Edinburgh, UK: University of Edinburgh Press.
- Goh, J. X., Hall, J. A., & Rosenthal, R. (2016). Mini meta-analysis of your own studies: Some arguments on why and a primer on how. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 10(10), 535–549. doi:10.1111/spc3.12267
- Gottschall, J. (2013). The storytelling animal: How stories make us human. New York: Mariner Books.
- Grabe, M. E., Lombard, M., Reich, R. D., Capanella Bracken, C., & Ditton, T. B. (1999). The role of screen size in viewer experiences of media content. Visual Communication Quarterly, 6(2), 4–9. doi:10.1080/15551399909363403
- Graesser, A. C., Millis, K. K., & Zwaan, R. A. (1997). Discourse comprehension. Annual Review of Psychology, 48(1), 163–189. doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.48.1.163
- Green, M. C., Brock, T. C., & Kaufman, G. F. (2004). Understanding media enjoyment: The role of transportation into narrative worlds. Communication Theory, 14(4), 311–327. 10.1111/j.1468-2885.2004.tb00317.x
- Green, M. C., & Brock, T. C. (2000). The role of transportation in the persuasiveness of public narratives. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 79(5), 701–721. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.79.5.701
- Green, M. C., & Brock, T. C. (2002). In the mind’s eye. Transportation-imagery model of narrative persuasion. In M. C. Green, J. J. Strange, & T. C. Brock (Eds.), Narrative impact. Social and cognitive foundations (pp. 315–342). Mahwah: Erlbaum.
- Green, M. C., Kass, S., Carrey, J., Herzig, B., Feeney, R., & Sabini, J. (2008). Transportation across media: Repeated exposure to print and film. Media Psychology, 11(4), 512–539. doi:10.1080/15213260802492000
- Green, M., Bilandzic, H., Fitzgerald, K., & Paravati, E. (2020). Narrative effects. In M. B. Oliver, A. A. Raney, & J. Bryant (Eds.), Media effects. Advances in theory and research New York: Routledge. doi:10.4324/9780429491146-9
- Hamby, A., Brinberg, D., & Jaccard, J. (2018). A conceptual framework of narrative persuasion. Journal of Media Psychology, 30(3), 113–124. doi:10.1027/1864-1105/a000187
- Harcup, T., & O’Neill, D. (2017). What is news? News values revisited (again). Journalism Studies, 18(12), 1470–1488. doi:10.1080/1461670X.2016.1150193
- Hartmann, T., & Goldhoorn, C. (2011). Horton and wohl revisited: Exploring viewers‘ experience of parasocial interaction. Journal of Communication, 61(6), 1104–1121. doi:10.1111/j.1460-2466.2011.01595.x
- Ho, J., Pointner, R., Shih, H. C., Lin, Y. C., Chen, H. Y., Tseng, W. L., & Chen, M. Y. (2015, August). Eyeprotector: Encouraging a healthy viewing distance when using smartphones. In Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services (pp. 77–85).
- Huff, M., Meitz, T. G. K., & Papenmeier, F. (2014). Changes in situation models modulate processes of event perception in audiovisual narratives. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 40(5), 1377–1388. 10.1037/a0036780
- IJsselsteijn, W., de Ridder, H., Freeman, J., Avons, S. E., & Bouwhuis, D. (2001). Effects of stereoscopic presentation, image motion, and screen size on subjective and objective corroborative measures of presence. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, 10(3), 298–311. doi:10.1162/105474601300343621
- Isberner, M.-B., Richter, T., Schreiner, C., Eisenbach, Y., Sommer, C., & Appel, M. (2019). Empowering stories: Transportation into narratives with strong protagonists increases self-related control beliefs. Discourse Processes, 56(8), 575–598. doi:10.1080/0163853X.2018.1526032
- Jarosz, A., & Wiley, J. (2014). What are the odds? A practical guide to computing and reporting Bayes factors. The Journal of Problem Solving, 7(1), 1–9. doi:10.7771/1932-6246.1167
- Jaschinski, W. (2002). The Proximity-Fixation-Disparity Curve and the Preferred Viewing Distance at a Visual Display as an Indicator of Near Vision Fatigue. Optometry and Vision Science, 79(3), 158–169. doi:10.1097/00006324-200203000-00010
- Johnson, B. K., Udvardi, A., Eden, A., & Rosenbaum, J. E. (2020). Spoilers go bump in the night: Impacts of minor and major reveals on horror film enjoyment. Journal of Media Psychology, 32(1), 14–25. doi:10.1027/1864-1105/a000252
- Kim, K. J., & Sundar, S. S. (2016). Mobile persuasion: Can screen size and presentation mode make a difference to trust?. Human Communication Research, 42(1), 45–70. 10.1111/hcre.12064
- Konijn, E. A., van de Schoot, R., Winter, S. D., & Ferguson, C. J. (2015). Possible solution to publication bias through Bayesian statistics, including proper null hypothesis testing. Communication Methods and Measures, 9(4), 280–302. doi:10.1080/19312458.2015.1096332
- Kosslyn, S. (1994). Image and brain. MIT Press.
- Lee, K. M. (2004). Presence, explicated. Communication Theory, 14(1), 27–50. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2885.2004.tb00302.x
- Lippa, R. A. (2009). Sex differences in sex drive, sociosexuality, and height across 53 nations: Testing evolutionary and social structural theories. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 38(5), 631–651. doi:10.1007/s10508-007-9242-8
- Livingstone, M., & Hubel, D. (1988). Segregation of form, color, movement, and depth: Anatomy, physiology, and perception. Science, 240(4853), 740–749. doi:10.1126/science.3283936
- Lombard, M., & Ditton, T. (1997). At the heart of it all: The concept of presence. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 3, JCMC321. doi:10.1111/j.1083-6101.1997.tb00072.x
- Lombard, M., Reich, R. D., Grabe, M. E., Bracken, C. C., & Ditton, T. B. (2000). Presence and television. The role of screen size. Human Communication Research, 26, 75–98. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2958.2000.tb00750.x
- Mar, R. A. (2018). Stories and the promotion of social cognition. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 27(4), 257–262. doi:10.1177/0963721417749654
- Morris, B. S., Chrysochou, P., Christensen, J. D., Orquin, J. L., Barraza, J., Zak, P. J., & Mitkidis, P. (2019). Stories vs. facts: Triggering emotion and action-taking on climate change. Climatic Change, 154(1–2), 19–36. doi:10.1007/s10584-019-02425-6
- Nielsen, J. H., Escalas, J. E., & Hoeffler, S. (2018). Mental simulation and category knowledge affect really new product evaluation through transportation. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Applied, 24(2), 145–158. doi:10.1037/xap0000169
- Oatley, K. (2016). Fiction: Simulation of social worlds. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 20(8), 618–628. doi:10.1016/j.tics.2016.06.002
- Orben, A., Dienlin, T., & Przybylski, A. K. (2019). Social media’s enduring effect on adolescent life satisfaction. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 116, 10226–10228. Doi: 10.1073/pnas.1902058116
- Paillé, D. (2015). Impact of new digital technologies on posture. Points de Vue - International Review of Ophthalmic Optics, 72, 22–30.
- Pinker, S. (2007). The stuff of thought. New York, NY: Viking.
- Rapp, D. N., Gerrig, R. J., & Prentice, D. A. (2001). Readers‘ Trait-Based Models of Characters in Narrative Comprehension. Journal of Memory and Language, 45(4), 737–750. doi:10.1006/jmla.2000.2789
- Reeves, B., Lang, A., Kim, E. Y., & Tatar, D. (1999). The effects of screen size and message content on attention and arousal. Media Psychology, 1(1), 49–67. doi:10.1207/s1532785xmep0101_4
- Rempel, D., Willms, K., Anshel, J., Jaschinski, W., & Sheedy, J. (2007). The effects of visual display distance on eye accommodation, head posture, and vision and neck symptoms. Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 49(5), 830–838. doi:10.1111/j.1460-2466.2009.01441.x
- Richter, T., Appel, M., & Calio, F. (2014). Stories can influence the self-concept. Social Influence, 9(3), 172–188. doi:10.1080/15534510.2013.799099
- Rosenthal, R. (1979). The file drawer problem and tolerance for null results. Psychological Bulletin, 86(3), 638–641. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.86.3.638
- Rouder, J. N., Morey, R. D., Speckman, P. L., & Province, J. M. (2012). Default Bayes factors for ANOVA designs. Journal of Mathematical Psychology, 56(5), 356–374. doi:10.1016/j.jmp.2012.08.001
- Rübesam, D., & Tsukernyk, A. (2013). Brüder [Brothers] [film]. In F. Baier & A. Maruhn (Eds.), Ludwigsburg: Filmakademie Baden-Württemberg GmbH. Writers.
- Ryan, M.-L. (2012). Narration in various media. In P. Hühn (Eds.), The living handbook of narratology. Hamburg University.
- Schönbrodt, F. D., & Wagenmakers, E.-J. (2018). Bayes factor design analysis: Planning for compelling evidence. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 25(1), 128–142. doi:10.3758/s13423-017-1230-y
- Schreiner, C., Appel, M., Isberner, M.-B., & Richter, T. (2018). Argument strength and the persuasiveness of stories. Discourse Processes, 55(4), 371–386. doi:10.1080/0163853X.2016.1257406
- Shedlosky-Shoemaker, R., Costabile, K. A., DeLuca, H. K., & Arkin, R. M. (2011). The social experience of entertainment media: Effects of others’ evaluations on our experience. Journal of Media Psychology: Theories, Methods, and Applications, 23(3), 111–121. doi:10.1037/aca0000031
- Simmons, J. P., Nelson, L. D., & Simonsohn, U. (2011). False-positive psychology: Undisclosed flexibility in data collection and analysis allows presenting anything as significant. Psychological Science, 22(11), 1359–1366. doi:10.1177/0956797611417632
- Skarbez, R., Brooks, Jr., F. P., Jr, & Whitton, M. C. (2018). A survey of presence and related concepts. ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR), 50(6), 1–39. doi:10.1145/3134301
- Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2013). Using Multivariate Statistics (6 ed. ed.). Harlow: Pearson.
- Tal-Or, N. (2021). The effects of co-viewers on the viewing experience. 31(3) 316–335 . Communication Theory. Communication Theory. 10.1093/ct/qtz012
- Tan, E. S.-H. (1996). Emotion and the structure of narrative film. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
- Tiede, K., & Appel, M. (2020). Reviews, expectations, and the experience of stories. Media Psychology, 23(3), 365–390. doi:10.1080/15213269.2019.1602055
- Troscianko, T., Meese, T. S., & Hinde, S. (2012). Perception while watching movies: Effects of physical screen size and scene type. i-Perception, 3(7), 414–425. doi:10.1068/i0475aap
- Tukachinsky, R. (2014). Experimental manipulation of psychological involvement with media. Communication Methods and Measures, 8(1), 1–33. doi:10.1080/19312458.2013.873777
- Van Kessel, P., Toor, S., & Smith, A. (2019). A week in the life of popular YouTube channels. Pew Research Center. https://www.pewinternet.org/2019/07/25/a-week-in-the-life-of-popular-youtube-channels.
- Van Laer, T., de Ruyter, K., Visconti, L. M., & Wetzels, M. (2014). The extended transportation-imagery model: A meta-analysis of the antecedents and consequences of consumers‘ narrative transportation. Journal of Consumer Research, 40(5), 797–817. doi:10.1086/673383
- Van Laer, T., Edson Escalas, J., Ludwig, S., & Van Den Hende, E. A. (2019). What happens in vegas stays on tripadvisor? A theory and technique to understand narrativity in consumer reviews. Journal of Consumer Research, 46, 267–285. doi:10.1093/jcr/ucy067
- Vermeulen, I., & Hartmann, T. (2015). Questionable research and publication practices in communication science. Communication Methods and Measures, 9(4), 189–192. doi:10.1080/19312458.2015.1096331
- Wagenmakers, E.-J., Love, J., Marsman, M., Jamil, T., Ly, A., Verhagen, J., … Morey, R. D. (2018). Bayesian inference for psychology. Part II: Example applications with JASP. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 25(1), 58–76. doi:10.3758/s13423-017-1323-7
- Wagenmakers, E.-J. (2007). A practical solution to the pervasive problems ofp values. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 14(5), 779–804. doi:10.3758/bf03194105
- Wang, J., & Calder, B. J. (2006). Media transportation and advertising. Journal of Consumer Research, 33(2), 151–162. doi:10.1086/506296
- Wissmath, B., Weibel, D., & Groner, R. (2009). Dubbing or subtitling? Effects on spatial presence, transportation, flow, and enjoyment. Journal of Media Psychology, 21(3), 114–125. doi:10.1027/1864-1105.21.3.114
- Wojcieszak, M., Kim, N., & Igartua, -J.-J. (2020). How to enhance the effects of mediated intergroup contact? Evidence from four countries. Mass Communication and Society, 23(1), 71–106. doi:10.1080/15205436.2019.1630444
- Zacks, J. M. (2013). Constructing event representations during film comprehension. In A. P. Shimamura (Ed.), Psychocinematics: Exploring cognition at the movies (pp. 227–243). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199862139.003.0012
- Zwarun, L., & Hall, A. (2012). Narrative persuasion, transportation, and the role of need for cognition in online viewing of fantastical films. Media Psychology, 15(3), 327–355. doi:10.1080/15213269.2012.700592