Physiological analyses indicate superoxide dismutase, catalase, and phytochelatins play important roles in Pb tolerance in Eremochloa ophiuroides

References

• Aebi H. 1984. Catalase in vitro. Methods Enzymol 105:121–126.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson ME. 1985. Determination of glutathione and glutathione disulfides in biological samples. Methods Enzymol 113:548–570.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Apel K, Hirt H. 2004. Reactive oxygen species: metabolism, oxidative stress and signal transduction. Annu Rev Plant Biol 55:373–399.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ATSDR. 2011. Priority List of Hazardous Substances. Agency for Toxic Substances and Diseases. Available from: http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/SPL/index.html
   Google Scholar
• Auguy F, Fahr M, Moulin P, Brugel A, Laplaze L, Mzibri ME, Filali-Maltouf A, Doumas P, Smouni A. 2013. Lead tolerance and accumulation in Hirschfeldia incana, a Mediterranean Brassicaceae from metalliferous mine spoils. PLoS One 8:e61932.
   Google Scholar
• Beauchamp C, Fridovich I. 1971. Superoxide dismutase: improved assays and an assay applicable to acrylamide gels. Anal Biochem 44:276–287.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Begonia MT, Begonia GB, Ighoavodha M, Gilliard D. 2005. Lead accumulation by tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) grown on a lead-contaminated soil. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2:228–233.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bhargava P, Srivastava AK, Urmil S, Rai LC. 2005. Phytochelatin plays a role in UV-B tolerance in N2-fixing cyanobacterium Anabaena doliolum. J Plant Physiol 162:1220–1225.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blikhina O, Virolainen E, Fagerstedt KV. 2003. Antioxidants, oxidative damage and oxygen deprivation stress: a review. Ann Bot 91:179–194.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bradford MM. 1976. Rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal Biochem 72:248–254.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cha BC, Lee EH. 2004. Antioxidant and anti-inflammation activities of Prunus persica tree extracts. Korean J Med Crop Sci 12:289–294.
   Google Scholar
• Curtis CR. 1971. Disc electrophoretic comparisons of protein and peroxidases from Phaseolus vulgaris leaves infected with Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Can J Bot 49:333–337.
   Google Scholar
• Del Longo OT, Gonzalez CA, Pastori GM, Tripps VS. 1993. Antioxidant defences under hyperoxygenic and hyperosmotic conditions in leaves of two lines of maize with differential sensitivity to drought. Plant Cell Physiol 34:1023–1028.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elstner EF, Heupel A. 1976. Inhibition of nitrite formation from hydroxylammoniumchloride: a simple assay for superoxide dismutase. Anal Biochem 70:616–620.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garg N, Aggarwal N. 2011. Effects of interactions between cadmium and lead on growth, nitrogen fixation, phytochelatin, and glutathione production in mycorrhizal Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. J Plant Growth Regul 30:286–300.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gill SS, Tuteja N. 2010. Reactive oxygen species and antioxidant machinery in abiotic stress tolerance in crop plants. Plant Physiol Biochem 48:909–930.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grill E, Loffler S, Winnaker EL, Zenk MH. 1989. Phytochelatins, the heavy metal-binding peptides of plants, are synthesized from glutathione by a specific gammaglutamylcysteine dipeptidyl transpeptidase (phytochelatin synthase). Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 86:6838–6842.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gupta UC, Gupta SC. 1998. Trace element toxicity relationships to crop production and livestock and human health: Implications for management. Commun Soil Sci Plant Anal 29:1491–1522.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gupta DK, Huang HG, Corpas FJ. 2013. Lead tolerance in plants: strategies for phytoremediation. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 20:2150–2161.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hanson A, Juska F, Burton G. 1969. Species and varieties. In: Hanson AA, Juska FV, editors. Turfgrass Science. Agron Monogr 14. Madison (WI): ASA. p. 370–377.
   Google Scholar
• Hu L, Li H, Pang H, Fu J. 2012. Responses of antioxidant gene, protein and enzymes to salinity stress in two genotypes of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) differing in salt tolerance. J Plant Physiol 169:146–156.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jia Y, Tang S, Wang R, Ju X, Ding Y, Tu S, Smith DL. 2010. Effects of elevated CO2 on growth, photosynthesis, elemental composition, antioxidant level, and phytochelatin concentration in Lolium multiflorum and Lolium perenne under Cd stress. J Hazard Mater 180:384–394.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kramer U. 2010. Metal hyperaccumulation in plants. Annu Rev Plant Biol 61:517–534.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li X, Wu YJ, Sun LX. 2014. Growth and physiological responses of three warm-season turfgrasses to lead stress. Acta Prataculturae Sinica 23:171–180. (in Chinese)
   Google Scholar
• Li X, Cen H, Peng L, Li Y, Sun L, Cai S, Huang Z. 2015. Tolerance performance of the cool-season turfgrass species Festuca ovina, Lolium perenne, Agrostis tenuis, and Poa trivialis to sulfur dioxide stress. J Plant Interact 10:75–86.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu Y, Wang K, Xu P, Wang Z. 2012. Physiological responses and tolerance threshold to cadmium contamination in Eremochloa ophiuroides. Int J Phytoremediation 14:467–480.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lou Y, Luo H, Hu T, Li H, Fu J. 2013. Toxic effects, uptake, and translocation of Cd and Pb in perennial ryegrass. Ecotoxicology 22:207–214.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morris KN, Shearman RC. 2007. NTEP turfgrass evaluation guidelines. Available from: http://www.ntep.org/pdf/ratings.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Pourrut B, Shahid M, Dumat C, Winterton P, Pinelli E. 2011. Lead uptake, toxicity, and detoxification in plants. Rev Environ Contam Toxicol 213:113–136.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qu RL, Li D, Du R, Qu R. 2003. Lead uptake by roots of four turfgrass species in hydroponic cultures. Hortsciences 38:623–626.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reddy AM, Kumar SG, Jyothsnakumari G, Thimmanaik S, Sudhakar C. 2005. Lead induced changes in antioxidant metabolism of horsegram (Macrotyloma uniflorum (Lam.) Verdc.) and bengalgram(Cicer arietinum L.). Chemosphere 60:97–104.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reyes-Díaz M, Meriño-Gergichevich C, Alarcón E, Alberdi M, Horst WJ. 2011. Calcium sulfate ameliorates the effect of aluminum toxicity differentially in genotypes of highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.). J Soil Sci Plant Nutr 11:59–78.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ribeiro de Souza SC, Adrián López de Andrade S, Anjos de Souza L, Schiavinato MA. 2012. Lead tolerance and phytoremediation potential of Brazilian leguminous tree species at the seedling stage. J Environ Manage 110:299–307.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharma P, Dubey RS. 2005. Lead toxicity in plants. Braz J Plant Physiol 17:35–52.
   Google Scholar
• Sharma S, Singh B, Manchanda VK. 2015. Phytoremediation: role of terrestrial plants and aquatic macrophytes in the remediation of radionuclides and heavy metal contaminated soil and water. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 22:946–962.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shu WS, Ye ZH, Lan CY, Zhang ZQ, Wong MH. 2002. Lead, zinc and copper accumulation and tolerance in populations of Paspalum distichum and Cynodon dactylon. Environ Pollut 120:445–453.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shu WS, Zhao YL, Yang B, Xia HP, Lan CY. 2004. Accumulation of heavy metals in four grasses grown on lead and zinc mine tailings. J Environ Sci 16:730–734.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wójcik M, Tukiendorf A. 2014. Accumulation and tolerance of lead in two contrasting ecotypes of Dianthus carthusianorum. Phytochemistry 100:60–65.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xie CJ, Yan JH, Zhou SB, Liu HQ, Xu LS. 2008. Effects on physiological characteristics of Eremochloa ophiuroides and Zoysia japonica under progressive lead stress. Acta Prataculturae Sinica 17:65–70. (in Chinese)
   Google Scholar
• Yadav SK. 2010. Heavy metals toxicity in plants: an overview on the role of glutathione and phytochelatins in heavy metal stress tolerance of plants. S Afr J Bot 76:167–179.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang S, Chen M, Li T, Xu X, Deng L. 2010. A newly found cadmium accumulator– Malva sinensis Cavan. J Hazard Mater 173:705–709.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar