The Role of Online Social Networking on Emotional Functioning in a Sample of Iranian Adolescents and Young Adults

References

• Andreou, E., Alexopoulos, E. C., Lionis, C., Varvogli, L., Gnardellis, C., Chrousos, G. P., & Darviri, C. (2011). Perceived stress scale: Reliability and validity study in Greece. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 8(2), 3287–3298. doi:10.3390/ijerph8083287
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Antonucci, T. C. (2001). Social relations: An examination of social networks, social support, and sense of control. In J. E. Birren & K. W. Schaie (Eds.), Handbook of the psychology of aging (pp. 427–453). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
   Google Scholar
• Beaudoin, C. E., & Tao, C. C. (2007). Benefiting from social capital in online support groups: An empirical study of cancer patients. Cyber Psychology & Behavior, 10(2), 587–590. doi:10.1089/cpb.2007.9986
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Beck, A. T., & Steer, R. A. (1990). Manual for the beck anxiety inventory. San Antonio, TX: Psychological Corporation.
   Google Scholar
• Beck, A. T., Steer, R. A., & Brown, G. K. (1996). Manual for the beck depression inventory, second edition (BDI-II). San Antonio, TX: Psychological Corporation.
   Google Scholar
• Beck, A. T., Steer, R. A., & Garbin, M. G. (1988). Psychometric properties of the beck depression inventory: Twenty-five years of evaluation. Clinical Psychology Review, 8, 77–100. doi:10.1016/0272-7358(88)90050-5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bolton, R. N., Parasuraman, A., Hoefnagels, A., Migchels, N., Kabadayi, S., Gruber, T., … Solnet, D. (2013). Understanding generation Y and their use of social media: A review and research agenda. Journal of Service Management, 4(2), 245–267. doi:10.1108/09564231311326987
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borjalilu, S., Mohammadi, A., & Mojtahedzadeh, R. (2015). Sources and severity of perceived stress among Iranian medical students. Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal, 17(2), e17767. doi:10.5812/ircmj.17767
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cantor, J. (2003). Media violence effects and interventions: The roles of communication and emotion. In J. Bryant, D. Roskos-Ewoldsen, & J. Cantor (Eds.), Communication and emotion: Essays in honor of Dolf Zillman (pp. 197–220). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
   Google Scholar
• Cohen, S., Kamarck, T., & Mermelstein, R. (1983). A global measure of psychological stress. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 24, 385–396.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen, S., & Williamson, G. (1988). Psychological stress in a probability sample of the United States. In S. Spacapan & S. Oskamp (Eds.), The social psychology of health: Claremont symposium on applied social psychology (pp. 31–67). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Creamer, M., Foran, J., & Bell, R. (1995). The Beck Anxiety Inventory in a nonclinical sample. Behavior Research and Therapy, 33, 477–485.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davila, J., Hershenberg, R., Feinstein, B. A., Gorman, K., Bhatia, V., & Starr, L. R. (2012). Frequency and quality of social networking among young adults: Associations with depressive symptoms, rumination, and corumination. Psychology of Popular Media Culture, 1(2), 72–86. doi:10.1037/a0027512.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Development Institute of the Russian Federation. (2015). The state of social media and messaging in Asia Pacific: Trends and statistics. Retrieved from https://www.rvc.ru/upload/iblock/493/Social_Media_in_Asia_Pacific_Digest_.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Duggan, M. (2015). Mobile messaging and social media. Retrieved from http://www.pewinternet.org/files/2015/08/Social-Media-Update-2015-FINAL2.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Freeman, L. C. (1979). Centrality in social networks: Conceptual clarification. Social Networks, 1, 215–239.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ghassemzadeh, H., Mojtabai, R., Karamghadiri, N., & Ebrahimkhani, N. (2005). Psychometric properties of a Persian-language version of the beck depression inventory–Second edition: BDI-II-PERSIAN. Depression and Anxiety, 21, 185–192. doi:10.1002/da.20070
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ghofranipour, F., Saffari, M., Mahmoudi, M., & Montazeri, A. (2013). Demographical and psychological determinants of depression, among a sample of Iranian male adolescents. International Journal of Preventive Medicine, 4(2), 1217–1223.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hrastinski, S. (2009). A theory of online learning as online participation. Computers and Education, 52, 78–82. doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2008.06.009
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huesmann, L. R. (2007). The impact of electronic media violence: Scientific theory and research. Journal of Adolescent Health, 41, S6–S13. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2007.09.005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ISNA. (2014). The results of national survey on youth attitudes and values. Retrieved from http://www.isna.ir/news/93061710204/%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AC-%D8%AC%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%AF%D8%AA%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86-%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AC%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D8%B2-%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%AF
   Google Scholar
• Kabakoff, R., Segal, D., Hersen, M., & Van Hasselt, V. (1997). Psychometric properties and diagnostic utility of the beck anxiety inventory and state-trait anxiety inventory with older adult psychiatric outpatients. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 11, 33–47. doi:10.1016/s0887-6185(96)00033-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kalpidou, M., Costin, D., & Morris, J. (2011). The relationship between Facebook and the well-being of undergraduate college students. Cyber psychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 14(2), 183–189. doi:10.1089/cyber.2010.0061
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khodarahimi, S., & Nikpourian, M. H. (2012). Work relationships in different workplaces sectors: The roles of emotional problems and work-related factors. International Journal of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, 2(2), 255–262. doi:10.5923/j.ijpbs.20120206.09
   Google Scholar
• Khodarahimi, S., & Rasti, A. (2016). Problematic Internet use, depression, anxiety and metacognitions in an Iranian sample. The Medical Press Argentina, 102(2), 1–8. doi:10.4172/lpma.1000199
   Google Scholar
• Köbler, F., Riedl, C., Vetter, C., Leimeister, J. M., & Krcmar, H. (2010, August). Social connectedness on Facebook–An explorative study on status message usage. Presented at The Sixteenth Americas Conference on Information Systems, Lima, Peru.
   Google Scholar
• Koochaki, G. M., Charkazi, A., Hasanzadeh, A., Saedani, M., Qorbani, M., & Marjani, A. (2011). Prevalence of stress among Iranian medical students: A questionnaire survey. Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, 17(2), 593–598.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lee, E. H. (2012). Review of the psychometric evidence of the perceived stress scale. Asian Nursing Research, 6, 121–127. doi:10.1016/j.anr.2012.08.004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leung, L. (2007). Stressful life events, motives for Internet use, and social support among digital kids. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 10(2), 204–214. doi:10.1089/cpb.2006.9967
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lin, H., Tov, W., & Qiu, L. (2014). Emotional disclosure on social networking sites: The role of network structure and psychological needs. Computers in Human Behavior, 41, 342–350.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martinsen, E. W. (2008). Physical activity in the prevention and treatment of anxiety and depression. Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 62, 25–29. doi:10.1080/08039480802315640
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McLean, C. P., Asnaani, A., Litz, B. T., & Hofmann, S. G. (2011). Gender differences in anxiety disorders: Prevalence, course of illness, comorbidity and burden of illness. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 45(2), 1027–1035. doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2011.03.006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moen, P. (2001). The gendered life course. In R. H. Binstock & L. K. George (Eds.), Handbook of aging: Social sciences (pp. 179–196). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
   Google Scholar
• Mitchell, J. C. (1980). Numerical techniques in social anthropology. Philadelphia, PA: Institute for the Study of Human Issues.
   Google Scholar
• Modi, A. C., Driscoll, K. A., Montag-Leifling, K., & Acton, J. D. (2011). Screening for symptoms of depression and anxiety in adolescents and young adults with cystic fibrosis. Pediatric Pulmonology, 46(2), 153–159. doi:10.1002/ppul.21334
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oliver, M. B. (2003). Mood management and selective exposure. In J. Bryant, D. Roskos-Ewoldsen, & J. Cantor (Eds.), Communication and emotion: Essays in honor of Dolf Zillman (pp. 85–106). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
   Google Scholar
• Oliver, M. B., Kim, J., & Sanders, M. S. (2006). Personality. In J. Bryant & P. Vorderer (Eds.), Psychology of entertainment (pp. 329–342). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
   Google Scholar
• O’Keeffe, G. S., & Clarke-Pearson, K. (2011). The impact of social media on children, adolescents and families. Pediatrics, 127, 800–804.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ono, E., Nozawa, T., Ogata, T., Motohashi, M., Higo, N., Kobayashi, T., … Miyake, Y. (2011, December 20–22). Relationship between social interaction and mental health. System Integration (SII), 2011 IEEE/SICE International Symposium, Kyoto, Japan.
   Google Scholar
• O’Rorke, K. (2006). Social learning theory & mass communication. A Journal of the Arizona Business Education Association, 25, 72–74.
   Google Scholar
• Pierce, T. (2009). Social anxiety and technology: Face-to-face communication versus technological communication among teens. Computers in Human Behavior, 25, 1367–1372.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rettie, R. (2003, October). Connectedness, awareness and social presence. Presented at the 6th Annual International Workshop on Presence, Aalborg, Denmark.
   Google Scholar
• Rosen, L. D., Whaling, K., Rab, S., Carrier, L. M., & Cheever, N. A. (2013). Is Facebook creating “Idisorders”? The link between clinical symptoms of psychiatric disorders and technology use, attitudes and anxiety. Computers in Human Behavior, 29, 1243–1254.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scott, J. (2000). Social network analysis: A handbook (2nd ed.). London, UK: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Selfhout, M. H. W., Brantje, S. J. T., Delsing, M., ter Bogt, T. F. M., & Meeus, W. H. J. (2009). Different types of Internet use, depression, and social anxiety: The role of perceived friendship quality. Journal of Adolescence, 32, 819–833.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steer, R., Kumar, G., Ranieri, W., & Beck, A. (1995). Use of the beck anxiety inventory with adolescent psychiatric outpatients. Psychological Reports, 76, 459–465.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tang, J., Zhang, Y., Sun, J., Rao, J., Yu, W., Chen, Y., & Fong, A. C. M. (2011). Quantitative study of individual emotional states in social networks. IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing, 10(2), 1–14.
   Google Scholar
• Vygotsky, L. (1978). Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Wang, Y. P., & Gorenstein, C. (2013). Psychometric properties of the beck depression inventory-II: A comprehensive review. Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry, 35(2), 416–431. doi:10.1590/1516-4446-2012-1048
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wellman, J. (2001). Computer networks as social networks. Science, 293(2), 2031–2034.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Widen, G., Lindström, J., Brännback, M., Huvila, I., & Nyström, A.-G. (2015, March). Mixed emotions in active social media use—Fun and convenient or shameful and embarrassing? Presented at iConference 2015, Newport Beach, CA.
   Google Scholar
• Yang, Y., Jia, J., Zhang, S., Wu, B., Chen, Q., Li, J., … Tang, J. (2014, July). How do your friends on social media disclose your emotions? Presented at the 28th AAAI conference on artificial intelligence, Québec, Canada.
   Google Scholar
• Zarafshan, H., Mohamadi, M. R., & Samanian, M. (2015). Prevalence of anxiety disorders among children and adolescents in Iran: A systematic review. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry, 10(2), 1–7.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zillmann, D. (1988). Mood management: Using entertainment to full advantage. In L. Donohew, H. E. Sypher, & E. T. Higgins (Eds.), Communication, social cognition, and affect (pp. 147–172). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
   Google Scholar