294
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Comparison of font size and background color strategies for tag weights on tag maps

ORCID Icon, , ORCID Icon, &
Pages 162-177 | Received 23 May 2022, Accepted 22 Nov 2022, Published online: 10 Jan 2023

References

  • Afzal, S., Maciejewski, R., Jang, Y., Elmqvist, N., & Ebert, D. S. (2012). Spatial text visualization using automatic typographic maps. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, 18(12), 2556–2564. https://doi.org/10.1109/TVCG.2012.264
  • Ahern, S., Naaman, M., Nair, R., & Yang, J. (2007). World explorer: Visualizing aggregate data from unstructured text in geo-referenced collections. In E. Rasmussen (Ed.), Proceedings of the 7th ACM/IEEE-CS joint Conference on Digital libraries. New York, NY, ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/1255175.1255177
  • Alexander, E., Chang, C., & Shimabukuro, M. (2018). Perceptual biases in font size as a data encoding. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, 24(8), 2397–2410. https://doi.org/10.1109/TVCG.2017.2723397
  • Barth, L., Kobourov, S. G., & Pupyrev, S. (2014). Experimental comparison of semantic word clouds. In J. Gudmundsson & J. Katajainen (Eds.), Lecture notes in computer science: Vol 8504. Experimental algorithms (pp. 247–258). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-07959-2_21
  • Bateman, S., Gutwin, C., & Nacenta, M. (2008), Seeing things in the clouds: The effect of visual features on tag cloud selections. In P. Brusilovsky (Ed.), Proceedings of the 19th ACM Conference on hypertext and hypermedia (pp. 193–202). New York, NY, ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/1379092.1379130
  • Buchin, K., Creemers, D., Lazzarotto, A., Speckmann, B., & Wulms, J. (2016). Geo word clouds. In C. Hansen, I. Viola, & X. Yuan (Eds.), 2016 IEEE Pacific Visualisation Symposium (pp. 144–151). Piscataway, NJ, IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/PACIFICVIS.2016.7465262
  • Cavicchio, F., Melcher, D., & Poesio, M. (2014). The effect of linguistic and visual salience in visual world studies[J]. Frontiers in Psychology, 5, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00176
  • Cidell, J. (2010). Content clouds as exploratory qualitative data analysis. AREA, 42(4), 514–523. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4762.2010.00952.x
  • Cui, W., Wu, Y., Liu, S., Wei, F., & Zhou, M. (2010). Context preserving dynamic word cloud visualizaiton. In S. North, H. Shen, & J. J. Wijk (Eds.), 2010 IEEE Pacific Visualization Symposium (pp. 121–128). Piscataway, NJ, IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/PACIFICVIS.2010.5429600
  • De Chiara, D., Del Fatto, V., & Sebillo, M. (2012). Visualizing geographical information through tag clouds. In M. De Marco, D. Te’eni, V. Albano, & S. Za (Eds.), Information systems: Crossroads for organization, management, accounting and engineering (pp. 209–216). Physica. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7908-2789-7_24
  • De Chiara, D., Del Fatto, V., Sebillo, M., Tortora, G., & Vitiello, G. (2012). Tag@map: A web-based application for visually analyzing geographic information through georeferenced tag clouds. In S. DiMartino, A. Peron, & T. Tezuka (Eds.), Lecture notes in computer science: Vol. 7236. web and wireless geographical information systems (pp. 72–81). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-29247-7_7
  • Deutsch, S., Schrammel, J., & Tscheligi, M. (2011). Comparing different layouts of tag clouds: Findings on visual perception. In A. Ebert, A. Dix, N. D. Gershon, & M. Pohl (Eds.), Lecture notes in computer science: Vol. 6431. Human aspects of visualization (pp. 23–37). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-19641-6_3
  • Dong, W., Wu, Y., Qin, T., Bian, X., Zhao, Y., & He, Y., Xu Y, & Yu, C. (2021). What is the difference between augmented reality and 2D navigation electronic maps in pedestrian wayfinding? Cartography and Geographic Information Science, 48(3), 225–240. https://doi.org/10.1080/15230406.2021.1871646
  • Dunkel, A. (2015). Visualizing the perceived environment using crowdsourced photo geodata. Landscape urban planning, 142, 173–186. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2015.02.022
  • Fang, H., Xin, S., Pang, H., Xu, F., Gui, Y., Sun, Y., & Yang, N. (2021). Evaluating the effectiveness and efficiency of risk communication for maps depicting the hazard of COVID-19. Transactions in GIS, 26(3), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1111/tgis.12814
  • Felix, C., Franconeri, S., & Bertini, E. (2018). Taking word clouds apart: An empirical investigation of the design space for keyword summaries. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, 24(1), 657–666. https://doi.org/10.1109/TVCG.2017.2746018
  • Ferreira, N., Lins, L., Fink, D., Kelling, S., Wood, C., Freire, J., & Silva, C. (2011). BirdVis: Visualizing and understanding bird populations. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, 17(12), 2374–2383. https://doi.org/10.1109/TVCG.2011.176
  • Garza, R., Heredia, R. R., & Cieslicka, A. B. (2016). Male and female perception of physical attractiveness: An eye movement study. Evolutionary Psychology, 14(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1177/1474704916631614
  • Ge, Y., Man, W., Ren, Z., Zhang, X., & Zhou, L. (2021). Application research on geographical names cartography: A case study of general survey results of geographical names. Journal of Geomatics, 46(1), 21–27. https://doi.org/10.14188/j.2095-6045.2020533
  • Hahmann, S., & Burghardt, D. (2011). Maple – a web map service for verbal visualisation using tag clouds generated from map feature frequencies. In A. Ruas (Ed.), Lecture notes in geoinformation and cartography: Vol.1. Advances in cartography and giscience (pp. 3–12). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-19143-5_1
  • Halvey, M., & Keane, M. (2007). An assessment of tag presentation techniques. In C. Williamson & M. E. Zurko (Eds.), Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on World Wide Web (pp. 1313–1314). New York, NY, ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/1242572.1242826
  • He, C., Chen, N., Zhou, M., Li, H., Chen, K., & Guan, D. (2019). Improving mobile news reading experience for chinese users: An user interview and eye tracking study. In A. Marcus & W. Wang (Eds.), Design, user experience, and usability. application domains (pp. 395–412). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23538-3_31
  • Hearst, M. A., Pedersen, E., Patil, L., Lee, E., Laskowski, P., & Franconeri, S. (2020). An evaluation of semantically grouped word cloud designs. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, 26(9), 2748–2761. https://doi.org/10.1109/TVCG.2019.2904683
  • Huang, L., Wei, Y., Wang, M., & Zhong, M. (2018). Application of tag cloud in thematic map production of ethnic nationalism and folk-custom. Geospatial Information, 16, 16–19. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1672-4623.2018.09.005
  • Hyönä, J., Tommola, J., & Alaja, A. M. (1995). Pupil dilation as a measure of processing load in simultaneous interpretation and other language tasks. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology A, Human Experimental Psychology, 48(3), 598–612. https://doi.org/10.1080/14640749508401407
  • Jaffe, A., Naaman, M., Tassa, T., & Davis, M. (2006). Generating summaries and visualization for large collections of geo-referenced photographs. In J. Z. Wang, N. Boujemaa, & Y. Chen (Eds.), Proceedings of the 8th ACM International Workshop on Multimedia Information Retrieval (pp. 89–98). New York, NY, ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/1178677.1178692
  • Jiang, W., Sun, Y., Huang, L., Lu, J., & Xie, Z. (2019). A thematic tag cloud layout method considering multi-constraint geographic characteristics. Science of Surveying and Mapping, 44, 130–138. https://doi.org/10.16251/j.cnki.1009-2307.2019.04.020
  • Kahneman, D., & Beatty, J. (1966). Pupillary diameter and load on memory. Science, 154(3756), 1583–1585. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.154.3756.1583
  • Koh, K., Lee, B., Kim, B., & Seo, J. (2010). ManiWordle: Providing flexible control over wordle. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, 16(6), 1190–1197. https://doi.org/10.1109/TVCG.2010.175
  • Lohmann, S., Ziegler, J., & Tetzlaff, L. (2009). Comparison of tag cloud layouts: Task-related performance and visual exploration. In T. Gross, J. Gulliksen, & P. Kotzé (Eds.), Proceedings of the 12th IFIP TC 13 International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction: Part I (pp. 392–404). Berlin, Heidelberg, Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03655-2_43
  • Ma, X., & Ma, H. (2020). Comparative study of graphic-based tag clouds: Theory and experimental evaluation for information search. Online Information Review, 44(5), 1135–1160. https://doi.org/10.1108/OIR-12-2019-0372
  • MacEachren, A. M., & DiBiase, D. (1991). Animated maps of aggregate data: Conceptual and practical problems. Cartography and Geographic Information Systems, 18(4), 221–229. https://doi.org/10.1559/152304091783786790
  • Martin, M. E., & Schuurman, N. (2017). Area-based topic modeling and visualization of social media for qualitative GIS. Annals of the American Association of Geographers, 107(5), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1080/24694452.2017.1293499
  • Nguyen, D., & Schumann, H. (2010). Taggram: Exploring geo-data on maps through a tag cloud-based visualization. In E. Banissi, S. Bertschi, R. Burkhard, J. Counsell, M. Dastbaz, M. Eppler, …T. G. Wyeld (Eds.), 14th international conference on information visualisation (pp. 322–328). Los Alamitos, CA, IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/IV.2010.52
  • Nguyen, D. Q., Tominski, C., Schumann, H., & Ta, T. A. (2011). Visualizing tags with spatiotemporal references. In E. Banissi, S. Bertschi, R. Burkhard, U. Cvek, M. Eppler, C. Forsell, …, T. G. Wyeld (Eds.),15th international conference on information visualisation (pp. 32–39). Los Alamitos, CA, IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/IV.2011.43
  • Ooms, K., De Maeyer, P., & Fack, V. (2014). Study of the attentive behavior of novice and expert map users using eye tracking. Cartography and Geographic Information Science, 41(1), 37–54. https://doi.org/10.1080/15230406.2013.860255
  • Paelke, V., Dahinden, T., Eggert, D., & Mondzech, J. (2012). Location based context awareness through tag-cloud visualizations. In W. Shi, M. Goodchild, B. Lees, & E. Leung (Eds.), Advances in geo-spatial information science (pp. 265–273). Taylor & Francis.
  • Reckziegel, M., Cheema, M. F., Scheuermann, G., & Jänicke, S. (2018). Predominance tag maps. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, 24(6), 1893–1904. https://doi.org/10.1109/TVCG.2018.2816208
  • Reckziegel, M., & Jänicke, S. (2019). Time varying predominance tag maps. In A. Endert, B. Fisher, & W. Willett (Eds.), 2019 IEEE Visualization Conference (VIS) (pp. 231–235). Piscataway, NJ, IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/VISUAL.2019.8933654
  • Rivadeneira, A. W., Gruen, D. M., Muller, M. J., & Millen, D. R. (2007). Getting our head in the clouds: Toward evaluation studies of tagclouds. In M. B. Rosson & D. Gilmore (Eds.), Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (pp. 995–998). New York, NY, ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/1240624.1240775
  • Schrammel, J., Leitner, M., & Tscheligi, M. (2009). Semantically structured tag clouds: An empirical evaluation of clustered presentation approaches. In D. R. Olsen, R. B. Arthur, K. Hinckley, M. R. Morris, S. Hudson, & S. Greenberg (Eds.), Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on human factors in computing systems (pp. 2037–2040). New York, NY, ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/1518701.1519010
  • Slingsby, A., Dykes, J., Wood, J., & Clarke, K. (2007). Interactive tag maps and tag clouds for the multiscale exploration of large spatio-temporal datasets. In E. Banissi, R. A. Burkhard, G. Grinstein, U. Cvek, & M. Trutschl, Eds., A. Ursyn (Eds.), 11th International Conference on Information Visualization (IV ’07) (pp. 497–504). Los Alamitos, CA, IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/IV.2007.71
  • Steinke, T. R. (1987). Eye movement studies in cartography and related fields. Cartographica: The International Journal for Geographic Information and Geovisualization, 24(2), 40–73. https://doi.org/10.3138/J166-635U-7R56-X2L1
  • Thom, D., Bosch, H., Koch, S., Wörner, M., & Ertl, T. (2012). Spatiotemporal anomaly detection through visual analysis of geolocated Twitter messages. In H. Hauser, S. Kobourov, & H. Qu (Eds.), Proceedings of the 2012 IEEE Pacific Visualization Symposium (pp. 41–48). Piscataway, NJ, IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/PacificVis.2012.6183572
  • Tobii. (2022a, September 14). Types of eye movements. https://connect.tobii.com/s/article/types-of-eye-movements?language=en_US
  • Tobii. (2022b, September 14). Understanding Tobii Pro Lab’s eye tracking metrics. https://connect.tobii.com/s/article/understanding-tobii-pro-lab-eye-tracking-metrics?language=en_US
  • Tullis, T., & Albert, B. (2013). Measuring the user experience (2nd ed.). Morgan Kaufmann.
  • Wood, J., Dykes, J., Slingsby, A., & Clarke, K. (2007). Interactive visual exploration of a large spatio-temporal dataset: Reflections on a geovisualization mashup. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, 13(6), 1176–1183. https://doi.org/10.1109/TVCG.2007.70570
  • Yang, L., Li, J., Lu, W., Chen, Y., Zhang, K., & Li, Y. (2020). The influence of font scale on semantic expression of word cloud. Journal of Visualization, 23(6), 981–998. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12650-020-00678-3
  • Yang, N., MacEachren, A. M., & Domanico, E. (2020). Utility and usability of intrinsic tag maps. Cartography and Geographic Information Science, 47(4), 291–304. https://doi.org/10.1080/15230406.2020.1732835
  • Yang, N., MacEachren, A. M., & Yang, L. (2019). TIN-based tag map layout. The Cartographic Journal, 56(2), 101–116. https://doi.org/10.1080/00087041.2018.1533294
  • Yang, N., Wu, G., & Yang, C. (2021). Overview of text map visualization. Journal of Geomatics, 46(1), 48–52. https://doi.org/10.14188/j.2095-6045.2020511

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.