References
- Ager, T. A. 2019. Late Quaternary vegetation development following deglaciation of northwestern Alexander Archipelago, Alaska. Frontiers in Earth Science 7:104. doi:https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2019.00104.
- Ager, T. A., P. E. Carrara, J. L. Smith, V. Anne, and J. Johnson. 2010. Postglacial vegetation history of Mitkof Island, Alexander Archipelago, southeastern Alaska. Quaternary Research 73:259–68. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2009.12.005.
- Ager, T. A., and J. G. Rosenbaum. 2009. Late glacial-Holocene pollen-based vegetation history from Pass Lake, Prince of Wales Island, southeastern Alaska. US Geological Survey Professional Paper 1760–G.
- Alley, R. B. 2000. The Younger Dryas cold interval as viewed from central Greenland. Quaternary Science Reviews 19:213–26. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0277-3791(99)00062-1.
- Ayuso, R. A., S. M. Karl, J. F. Slack, P. J. Haeussler, P. E. Bittenbender, G. A. Wandless, and A. S. Colvin. 2005. Oceanic Pb-isotopic sources of Proterozoic and Paleozoic volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits on Prince of Wales Island and vicinity, southeastern Alaska. Studies by the US Geological Survey in Alaska 1–20.
- Baldini, L. M., F. McDermott, J. U. Baldini, P. Arias, M. Cueto, I. J. Fairchild, D. L. Hoffmann, D. P. Mattey, W. Müller, D. C. Nita, et al. 2015. Regional temperature, atmospheric circulation, and sea-ice variability within the Younger Dryas event constrained using a speleothem from northern Iberia. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 419:101–10. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2015.03.015.
- Berger, A., and M. F. Loutre. 1991. Insolation values for the climate of the last 10 million years. Quaternary Science Reviews 10:297–317. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0277-3791(91)90033-Q.
- Blaauw, D. 2010. Clam version 2.2. Accessed November 11, 2016. http://www.chrono.qub.ac.uk/blaauw/clam.html.
- Bohncke, S. J. P. 1993. Lateglacial environmental changes in the Netherlands: Spatial and temporal patterns: A contribution to the ‘North Atlantic seaboard programme’ of IGCP-253, ‘Termination of the Pleistocene’. Quaternary Science Reviews 12:707–17. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0277-3791(93)90008-A.
- Broecker, W. S., J. P. Kennett, B. P. Flower, J. T. Teller, S. Trumbore, G. Bonani, and W. Wolfli. 1989. Routing of meltwater from the Laurentide Ice Sheet during the Younger Dryas cold episode. Nature 341:318–21. doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/341318a0.
- Broecker, W. S., D. M. Peteet, and D. Rind. 1985. Does the ocean-atmosphere system have more than one stable mode of operation? Nature 315:21–26. doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/315021a0.
- Buma, B., P. E. Hennon, A. L. Bidlack, J. F. Baichtal, T. A. Ager, and G. Streveier. 2014. Correspondence regarding “The problem of conifer species migration lag in the Pacific Northwest region since the last glaciation” by Eias, SA, (2013), Quaternary Science Reviews 77, 55-69. Quaternary Science Reviews 93:167–69. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.02.020.
- Clague, J. J., R. W. Mathewes, J. P. Guilbault, I. Hutchinson, and B. D. Ricketts. 1997. Pre‐Younger Dryas resurgence of the southwestern margin of the Cordilleran ice sheet, British Columbia, Canada. Boreas 26:261–78. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1502-3885.1997.tb00855.x.
- Clark, P. U., A. S. Dyke, J. D. Shakun, A. E. Carlson, J. Clark, B. Wohlfarth, J. X. Mitrovica, S. W. Hostetler, and A. M. McCabe. 2009. The Last Glacial Maximum. Science 325:710–14. doi:https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1172873.
- Cwynar, L. C. 1990. A late Quaternary vegetation history from Lily Lake, Chilkat Peninsula, southeast Alaska. Canadian Journal of Botany 68:1106–12. doi:https://doi.org/10.1139/b90-139.
- Denton, G. H., R. B. Alley, G. C. Comer, and W. S. Broecker. 2005. The role of seasonality in abrupt climate change. Quaternary Science Reviews 24:1159–82. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2004.12.002.
- Engstrom, D. R., B. C. S. Hansen, and H. E. Wright. 1990. A possible Younger Dryas record in southeastern Alaska. Science 250:1383–85. doi:https://doi.org/10.1126/science.250.4986.1383.
- Faegri, K., P. E. Kaland, and K. Krzywinski. 1989. Textbook of pollen analysis (No. Ed. 4). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
- Flora of North America Editorial Committee, eds. 1993+. Flora of North America North of Mexico, Vol. 20+. New York: Oxford University Press.
- Grimm, E. C. 1987. CONISS: A FORTRAN 77 program for stratigraphically constrained cluster analysis by the method of incremental sum of squares. Computers & Geosciences 13:13–35. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0098-3004(87)90022-7.
- Grimm, E. C. 2011. TILIA software version 1.7.16. Springfield, IL: Illinois State Museum.
- Hansen, B. C. S., and D. R. Engstrom. 1996. Vegetation history of Pleasant Island, southeastern Alaska, since 13,000 yr B.P. Quaternary Research 46:161–75. doi:https://doi.org/10.1006/qres.1996.0056.
- Hebda, R. J. 1983. Late-glacial and postglacial vegetation history at Bear Cove Bog, northeast Vancouver Island, British Columbia. Canadian Journal of Botany 61:3172–92. doi:https://doi.org/10.1139/b83-355.
- Heusser, C. J., L. E. Heusser, and D. M. Peteet. 1985. Late-Quaternary climatic change on the American North Pacific coast. Nature 315:485–87. doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/315485a0.
- Hogg, A., J. Southon, C. Turney, J. Palmer, C. B. Ramsey, P. Fenwick, G. Boswijk, M. Friedrich, G. Helle, K. Hughen, et al. 2016. Punctuated shutdown of Atlantic meridional overturning circulation during Greenland Stadial 1. Scientific Reports 6. doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/srep25902.
- Isarin, R. F., and H. Renssen. 1999. Reconstructing and modelling Late Weichselian climates: The Younger Dryas in Europe as a case study. Earth-Science Reviews 48:1–38. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0012-8252(99)00047-1.
- Kaufman, D. S., R. S. Anderson, F. S. Hu, E. Berg, and A. Werner. 2010. Evidence for a variable and wet Younger Dryas in southern Alaska. Quaternary Science Reviews 29:1445–52. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.02.025.
- Kokorowski, H. D., P. M. Anderson, C. J. Mock, and A. V. Lozhkin. 2008. A re-evaluation and spatial analysis of evidence for a Younger Dryas climatic reversal in Beringia. Quaternary Science Reviews 27:1710–22. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2008.06.010.
- Lacourse, T., J. M. Delepine, E. H. Hoffman, and R. W. Mathewes. 2012. A 14,000 year vegetation history of a hypermaritime island on the outer Pacific coast of Canada based on fossil pollen, spores and conifer stomata. Quaternary Research 78:572–82. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2012.08.008.
- Lacourse, T., R. W. Mathewes, and D. W. Fedje. 2005. Late-glacial vegetation dynamics of the Queen Charlotte Islands and adjacent continental shelf, British Columbia, Canada. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 226:36–57. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2005.05.003.
- Lusas, A. R., B. L. Hall, T. V. Lowell, M. A. Kelly, O. Bennike, L. B. Levy, and W. Honsaker. 2017. Holocene climate and environmental history of East Greenland inferred from lake sediments. Journal of Paleolimnology 57:321–41. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s10933-017-9951-5.
- Mathewes, R. W., L. E. Heusser, and R. T. Patterson. 1993. Evidence for a Younger Dryas-like cooling event on the British Columbia coast. Geology 21:101–04. doi:https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1993)021<0101:EFAYDL>2.3.CO;2.
- May, L., and T. Lacourse. 2012. Morphological differentiation of Alnus (alder) pollen from western North America. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 180:15–24. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2012.04.007.
- Meyers, P. A., and R. Ishiwatari. 1993. Lacustrine organic geochemistry—an overview of indicators of organic matter sources and diagenesis in lake sediments. Organic Geochemistry 20:867–900. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0146-6380(93)90100-P.
- Mikolajewicz, U., T. J. Crowley, A. Schiller, and R. Voss. 1997. Modelling teleconnections between the North Atlantic and North Pacific during the Younger Dryas. Nature 387:384–87. doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/387384a0.
- Minore, D. 1979. Comparative autecological characteristics of northwestern tree species—a literature review. General Technical Report PNW-GTR-087, US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station: 172, 87, Portland, OR.
- Okumura, Y. M., C. Deser, A. Hu, A. Timmermann, and S. P. Xie. 2009. North Pacific climate response to freshwater forcing in the subarctic North Atlantic: Oceanic and atmospheric pathways. Journal of Climate 22:1424–45. doi:https://doi.org/10.1175/2008JCLI2511.1.
- Pawuk, W. H., and E. J. Kissinger. 1989. Preliminary plant association classification of the Stikine Area, Tongass National Forest. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture Forest Service Report R10-TP-72. Juneau, Alaska: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture Forest Service.
- Peteet, D. M. 1986. Modern pollen rain and vegetational history of the Malaspina Glacier District, Alaska. Quaternary Research 25:100–20. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(86)90047-5.
- Peteet, D. M., and D. H. Mann. 1994. Late-glacial vegetational, tephra, and climatic history on southwestern Kodiak Island, Alaska. Ecoscience 1:255–67. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/11956860.1994.11682250.
- Peteet, D. M., J. E. Nichols, C. M. Moy, A. McGeachy, and M. Perez. 2016. Recent and Holocene climate change controls on vegetation and carbon accumulation in Alaskan coastal muskegs. Quaternary Science Reviews 131:168–78. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.10.032.
- Praetorius, S. K., A. Condron, A. C. Mix, M. H. Walczak, J. L. McKay, and J. Du. 2020. The role of Northeast Pacific meltwater events in deglacial climate change. Science Advances 6 (9):eaay2915. doi:https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aay2915.
- Rasmussen, S. O., K. K. Andersen, A. M. Svensson, J. P. Steffensen, B. M. Vinther, H. B. Clausen, M. L. Siggaard‐Andersen, S. J. Johnsen, L. B. Larsen, D. Dahl‐Jensen, et al. 2006. A new Greenland ice core chronology for the last glacial termination. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 111 (D6). doi:https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JD006079.
- Reimer, P. J., E. Bard, A. Bayliss, J. W. Beck, P. G. Blackwell, C. B. Ramsey, C. E. Buck, H. Cheng, R. L. Edwards, M. Friedrich, et al. 2013. IntCal13 and Marine13 radiocarbon age calibration curves 0–50,000 years cal BP. Radiocarbon 55 (4):1869–87. doi:https://doi.org/10.2458/azu_js_rc.55.16947.
- Renssen, H., A. Mairesse, H. Goosse, P. Mathiot, O. Heiri, D. M. Roche, K. H. Nisancioglu, and P. J. Valdes. 2015. Multiple causes of the Younger Dryas cold period. Nature Geoscience 8:946. doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2557.
- Shakun, J. D., and A. E. Carlson. 2010. A global perspective on Last Glacial Maximum to Holocene climate change. Quaternary Science Reviews 29:1801–16. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.03.016.
- Traverse, A. T. 1988. Paleopalynology. Boston: Unwin Hyman.
- Vacco, D. A., P. U. Clark, A. C. Mix, H. Cheng, and R. L. Edwards. 2005. A speleothem record of younger Dryas cooling, Klamath Mountains, Oregon, USA. Quaternary Research 64:249–56. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2005.06.008.
- Viereck, L. A., C. T. Dyrness, A. R. Batten, and K. J. Wenzlick. 1992. The Alaska vegetation classification. General Technical Report PNW-GTR-286, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Portland, OR.
- Viereck, L. A., and E. L. Little. 2007. Alaska trees and shrubs. Fairbanks: University of Alaska Press.
- Western Regional Climate Center. 2017. Craig Alaska climate summary. Accessed March 4, 2016, http://www.wrcc.dri.edu/cgi-bin/cliMAIN.pl?ak2227.
- Wilcox, P. S. 2017. 60,000 year climate and vegetation history of southeast Alaska Ph.D. thesis, University of Alaska, Fairbanks.
- Wilcox, P. S., J. Addison, S. J. Fowell, J. F. Baichtal, K. Severin, and D. H. Mann. 2019a. A new set of basaltic tephras from Southeast Alaska represent key stratigraphic markers for the late Pleistocene. Quaternary Research 92 (1):246–256. doi:https://doi.org/10.1017/qua.2018.154.
- Wilcox, P. S., J. A. Dorale, J. F. Baichtal, C. Spötl, S. J. Fowell, L. R. Edwards, and J. L. Kovarik. 2019b. Millennial-scale glacial climate variability in Southeastern Alaska follows Dansgaard-Oeschger cyclicity. Scientific Reports 9 (1):1–8. doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-44231-1.
- Young, N. E., J. P. Briner, J. Schaefer, S. Zimmerman, and R. C. Finkel. 2019. Early Younger Dryas glacier culmination in southern Alaska: Implications for North Atlantic climate change during the last deglaciation. Geology 47:550–54. doi:https://doi.org/10.1130/G46058.1.