How Can We Democratize Higher Education if We Don’t Count the Votes? An MPA Case Study

References

• Association of American Universities (AAU). 1997. “Diversity Statement on the Importance of Diversity in University Admissions.” Available at http://www.aau.edu/issues/Diversity4.14.97.html. Accessed Jan. 14, 2006.
   Google Scholar
• University of Michigan. n.d. “J.D. Program Application.” Available at http://www.law.umich.edu/prospectivestudents/Admissions/pdf/jdapp2004.pdf. Accessed Jan. 8, 2006.
   Google Scholar
• “America’s Best Graduate Schools: Public Affairs.” 2005. U. S. News and World Report, 66.
   Google Scholar
• Banks, Richard. 2001. “Meritocratic Values and Racial Outcomes: Defending Class-Based College Admissions.” North Carolina Law Review, 79 (May):1029–1071.
   Google Scholar
• Bourdieu, Pierre. 1986. “The Forms of Capital.” In John Richardson, ed., Handbook of Theory and Research for the Sociology of Education. New York: Greenwood Press, 241–258.
   Google Scholar
• Bowen, William G., Martin A. Kurzweil, and Eugene M. Tobin, in collaboration with Susanne C. Pichler. 2005. Equity and Excellence in American Higher Education. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press.
   Google Scholar
• Carnevale, Anthony P., and Stephen J. Rose. 2003. Socioeconomic Status, Race/Ethnicity, and Selective College Admissions. New York: The Century Foundation. Available at http://www.tcf.org/Publications/Education/carnevale_rose.pdf. Accessed Dec. 2, 2005.
   Google Scholar
• Center on Budget and Policy Priorities. n.d. Available at http://www.cbpp.org/. Accessed Jan. 28, 2006.
   Google Scholar
• deLone, Richard H. 1979. Small Futures: Children, Inequality, and the Limits of Liberal Reform. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.
   Google Scholar
• Ohio State University. n.d. “Diversity Statement: Office of University Housing.” Available at http://housing.osu.edu/posts/documents/University%20Housing%20-%20Diversity%20Statement.pdf. Accessed Jan. 14, 2006.
   Google Scholar
• Kearl, Michael C. “Explorations in Social Inequality.” n.d. Available at http://www.trinity.edu/~mkearl/strat.html. Accessed Jan. 28, 2006.
   Google Scholar
• Fallon, Jr., Richard H. 1996. “Affirmative Action Based on Economic Disadvantage.” UCLA Law Review, 43(6):1913–1951.
   Google Scholar
• Frank, Thomas. 2004. What’s the Matter with Kansas? New York: Henry Holt and Company.
   Google Scholar
• Frederickson, H. George. 2005. “The State of Social Equity in American Public Administration.” PA Times, 28(3):11.
   Google Scholar
• West Virginia University. n.d. “Graduate Admission Application.” Available at http://ww.arc.wvu.edu/admissions/forms/Graduate_Application.pdf. Accessed Jan. 15, 2006.
   Google Scholar
• Grutter v. Bollinger. 2003. 539 U. S. 306; 123 S. Ct. 2325; 156 L. Ed. 2d 304.
   Google Scholar
• Hart, Betty, and Todd R. Risley. 1995. Meaningful Differences in the Everyday Experiences of Young American Children. Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes Publishing Co.
   Google Scholar
• hooks, bell. 1994. Teaching to Transgress. New York: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• hooks, bell. 2000. Where We Stand: Class Matters. New York: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Ibsen, Henrik. 1935. Eleven Plays of Henrik Ibsen. New York: The Modern Library.
   Google Scholar
• Kahlenberg, Richard D. 1996. The Remedy. New York: Basic Books.
   Google Scholar
• MacKenzie, Lawrence. 1998. “A Pedagogy of Respect: Teaching as an Ally of Working-Class College Students.” In Alan Shepard, John McMillan, and Gary Tate, eds., Coming to Class: Pedagogy and the Social Class of Teachers. Portsmouth, NH: Boynton/Cook Publishers, 94–117.
   Google Scholar
• Mantsios, Gregory. 1995. “Class in America: Myths and Realities.” In Paula S. Rothenberg, ed., Race, Class and Gender in the United States, 3rd ed. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 131–143.
   Google Scholar
• Faulkner, Larry. 2006. “A Message from President Larry R. Faulkner: Diversity: Diverse People and Ideas.” Available at http://www.utexas.edu/diversity/index.php?e=0. Accessed Jan. 29, 2006.
   Google Scholar
• Michels, Robert. 1962. Political Parties; A Sociological Study of the Oligarchical Tendencies of Modern Democracy. New York: Collier Books.
   Google Scholar
• Mikulak, Brian. 1990. “Classism and Equal Opportunity: A Proposal for Affirmative Action in Education Based on Social Class.” Howard Law Journal, 33:112–136.
   Google Scholar
• U. S. Census Bureau. 2004a. “Median Household Income (In 2004 inflation-adjusted Dollars.” Available at http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/GRTTable?_bm=y&-geo_id=01000US&-_box_head_nbr=R2001&-ds_name=ACS_2004_EST_G00_&-_lang=en&-format=US-30&-mt_name=ACS_2004_EST_G00_R2001_US30&-_sse=on. Accessed Jan. 20, 2006.
   Google Scholar
• U. S. Census Bureau. 2004b. “Percent of People 25 Years and Over Who Have Completed a Bachelor’s Degree [Or Higher].” 2004 American Community Survey. Available at http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/GRTTable?_bm=y&-geo_id=01000US&-_box_head_nbr=R1402&-ds_name=ACS_2004_EST_G00_&-_lang=en&-format=US-30&-_sse=on. Accessed Jan. 20, 2006.
   Google Scholar
• U. S. Census Bureau. 2004c. “Percent of People Below Poverty Level in the Past 12 Months (For Whom Poverty Status is Determined).” 2004 American Community Survey. Available at http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/GRTTable?_bm=y&-geo_id=01000US&-_box_head_nbr=R1701&-ds_name=ACS_2004_EST_G00_&-_lang=en&-redoLog=false&-format=US-30&mt_name=ACS_2004_EST_G00_R1402_US30&-_sse=on. Accessed Jan. 20, 2006.
   Google Scholar
• Perrucci, Robert, and Earl Wysong. 1999. The New Class Society: Goodbye American Dream. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield.
   Google Scholar
• Phillips, Kevin. 2004. American Dynasty. New York: Viking.
   Google Scholar
• Rice, Mitchell F. 2004. “Organizational Culture, Social Equity, and Diversity: Teaching Public Administration Education in the Postmodern Era.” Journal of Public Affairs Education, 10(2):143–154.
   Google Scholar
• Schmidt, Peter. 2006. “From ‘Minority’ to ‘Diversity.’” The Chronicle of Higher Education, 52(22):A24.
   Google Scholar
• NASPAA. 2002. “Self Study Template.” Available at http://www.naspaa.org/accreditation/seeking/process/template.asp. Accessed Jan. 16, 2006.
   Google Scholar
• Standing Panel on Social Equity in Governance. n.d. Available at http://www.napawash.org//aa_social_equity/panel_charter.html. Accessed Jan. 16, 2006.
   Google Scholar
• Svara, James, and James Brunet. 2004. “Filling in the Skeletal Pillar: Addressing Social Equity in Introductory Courses in Public Administration.” Journal of Public Affairs Education, 10(2):99–109.
   Google Scholar
• Taylor, Kimberly Paap. 1993. “Affirmative Action for the Poor: A Proposal for Affirmative Action in Higher Education Based on Economics, Not Race.” Hastings Constitutional Law Quarterly, 20:805–823.
   Google Scholar
• White, Edward M. 1998. “Class and Comfort: The Slums and the Greens.” In Alan Shepard, John McMillan, and Gary Tate, eds., Coming to Class: Pedagogy and the Social Class of Teachers. Portsmouth, NH: Boynton/Cook.
   Google Scholar