Out of Sight but Not out of Mind? Public Perceptions of Wave Energy

References

• A1 Surf . 2008 . Dr Kerry Black Speaks Out Against Commercial Wave Energy Exploitation Available at http://www.a1surf.com/News/Dr-Kerry-Black-Speaks-Out-Against-Commercial-Wave-Energy-Exploitation/NewsID/1685/ShowNews.aspx (accessed 10 February 2011)
   Google Scholar
• A1 Surf . 2009 . Is the wave hub in trouble? Available at http://www.a1surf.com/News/Is-the-Wave-Hub-in-Trouble/NewsID/2046/ShowNews.aspx (accessed 10 February 2011)
   Google Scholar
• Arnold , A. 2004 . A Review of Public Attitudes Towards Marine Issues within and beyond New Zealand Science Internal Series 170. Available at http://www.doc.govt.nz/upload/documents/science-and-technical/dsis170.pdf (accessed 12 April 2009)
   Google Scholar
• Barclay , D. 2011 . Major Infrastructure Planning, House of Commons Library Standard Note SN/SC/5041 , London : House of Commons .
   Google Scholar
• BWEA (British Wind Energy Association) . 2001 . Trends in public opinion. Available at http://www.bwea.com/pdf/trendsbwea23.pdf (accessed 4 April 2009)
   Google Scholar
• BWEA (British Wind Energy Association) . 2009 . Wind Energy in the UK: State of the Industry Report , London : BWEA .
   Google Scholar
• Castro , P. 2006 . Applying social psychology to the study of environmental concern and environmental worldviews: Contributions from the social representations approach . Journal of Community and Applied Social Psychology , 16 ( 4 ) : 247 – 266 . doi: 10.1002/casp.864
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Collins , K. J. , Jensen , C. , Mallinson , J. , Roenelle , V. and Smith , I. 2002 . Environmental impact assessment of a scrap tyre artificial reef . ICES Journal of Marine Science , 59 ( suppl ) : S243 – S249 . doi:10.1006/jmsc.2002.1297
   Google Scholar
• Crown Estate . 2009 . Annual Report: Sustainability—Working Together Available at http://www.thecrownestate.co.uk/_ext/ar/2009/performance/sustainability/working-together.html (accessed 27 November 2009)
   Google Scholar
• Curry , T. , Reiner , D. , Figuereido , M. and Herzog , H. 2005 . A Survey of Public Attitudes Towards Energy and the Environment in Great Britain , Cambridge, MA : Massachusetts Institute for Technology Press .
   Google Scholar
• DECC . 2009 . Perceptions of Renewable Energy Available at http://www.decc.gov.uk/en/content/cms/what_we_do/uk_supply/energy_mix/renewable/planning/perception/perception.aspx (accessed 12 August 2009)
   Google Scholar
• Department for Communities and Local Government . 2009 . Planning, Building and the Environment Available at http://www.communities.gov.uk/planningandbuilding/ (accessed 2 September 2009)
   Google Scholar
• Devine-Wright , P. 2008 . “ Reconsidering public acceptance of renewable energy technologies: A critical review ” . In Delivering a Low Carbon Electricity System: Technologies, Economics and Policy , Edited by: Grubb , J. , Jamasb , T. and Pollitt , M. 443 – 461 . Cambridge, , UK : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Devine-Wright , P. 2009 . “ Fencing in the bay? Place attachment, social representation of energy technologies and the protection of restorative environments ” . In Urban Diversities, Biosphere and Well Being: Designing and Managing Our Common Environment , Edited by: Bonaiuto , M. , Bonnes , M. , Nenci , M. , Carrus , G. and Huber , H. 227 – 236 . Cambridge, MA : Hogrefe and Huber .
   Google Scholar
• Douglas , M. 1986 . Risk Acceptability According to the Social Sciences , London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• European Commission . 2008 . Climate Change: Commission Welcomes Final Adoption of Europe's Climate and Energy Package , Brussels : European Commission . RAPID Press Release, IP/08/1998
   Google Scholar
• Firestone , J. and Kempton , W. 2007 . Public opinion about large offshore wind power: Underlying factors . Energy Policy , 35 ( 3 ) : 1584 – 1598 . doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2006.04.010
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Firestone , J. , Kempton , W. and Krueger , A. 2009 . Public acceptance of offshore wind power projects in the USA . Wind Energy , 12 ( 2 ) : 183 – 202 . doi: 10.1002/we.316
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fletcher , S. and Potts , J. 2007 . Ocean citizenship: An emergent geographical concept . Coastal Management , 35 ( 4 ) : 511 – 524 . doi: 10.1080/08920750701525818
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fletcher , S. , Potts , J. , Heeps , C. and Pike , K. 2009 . Public awareness of marine environmental issues in the UK . Marine Policy , 33 ( 2 ) : 370 – 375 . doi: 10.1016/j.marpol.2008.08.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GfK NOP Social Research . 2007 . Renewable Energy Awareness and Attitudes Research (URN 07/706) , London : Department for Business, Enterprise and Regulatory Reform .
   Google Scholar
• Gray , T. , Haggett , C. and Bell , D. 2005 . Offshore wind farms and commercial fisheries in the UK: A study in stakeholder consultation . Ethics Place and Environment , 8 ( 2 ) : 127 – 140 . doi: 10.1080/13668790500237013
   Google Scholar
• Haggett , C. 2008 . Over the sea and far away? A consideration of the planning, politics and public perception of offshore wind farms . Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning , 10 ( 3 ) : 289 – 306 . doi: 10.1080/15239080802242787
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Halcrow . 2006 . Wave Hub: Environmental Statement , Exeter : Halcrow Group Ltd .
   Google Scholar
• HM Government . 2009 . Infrastructure Planning Available at http://infrastructure.independent.gov.uk/wp-content/uploads/2009/09/Infrastructure-Planning-How-will-it-work-How-will-I-have-my-Say.pdf (accessed 2 December 2009)
   Google Scholar
• Harrison , D. 2004 . Wind farm threat to Britain's golden eagles. Available at http://www.sovereignty.org.uk/features/eco/vandaloot.html (accessed 27 November 2009)
   Google Scholar
• Jacobs , M. 2009 . Why do we like or dislike animals? . Human Dimensions of Wildlife , 14 ( 1 ) : 1 – 11 . doi: 10.1080/10871200802545765
   Google Scholar
• Kaplan , R. and Kaplan , S. 1989 . The Experience of Nature: A Psychological Perspective , New York : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Ladenburg , J. 2008 . Attitudes towards on-land and offshore wind power development in Denmark: Choice of renewable energy strategy . Renewable Energy , 33 ( 1 ) : 111 – 118 . doi:10.1016/j.renene.2007.01.011
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ladenburg , J. 2009 . Stated public preferences for on-land and offshore windpower generation—a review . Wind Energy , 12 ( 2 ) : 171 – 181 . doi: 10.1002/we.308
   Google Scholar
• Ladenburg , J. and Dubgaard , A. 2007 . Willingness to pay for reduced visual disamenities from offshore wind farms in Denmark . Energy Policy , 35 ( 8 ) : 4059 – 4071 . doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2007.01.023
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McLachlan , C. 2009 . ‘You don't do a chemistry experiment in your best china’: Symbolic interpretations of place and technology in a wave energy case . Energy Policy , 37 ( 12 ) : 5342 – 5350 . doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2009.07.057
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mitchell , C. 2008 . The Political Economy of Sustainable Energy , Basingstoke : Palgrave Macmillan .
   Google Scholar
• MORI . 2005 . Energy Issues Research , London : EDF Energy .
   Google Scholar
• MVA . 2003 . Attitudes to Renewable Energy: Final Report, Project C32906 , London : Department of Trade and Industry .
   Google Scholar
• Pollitt , M. 2010 . UK Renewable Energy Policy since Privatisation , Cambridge, , UK : University of Cambridge . Electricity Policy Research Group Working Paper 1002
   Google Scholar
• Portman , M. 2009 . Involving the public in the impact assessment of offshore renewable energy facilities . Marine Policy , 33 ( 2 ) : 332 – 338 . doi:10.1016/j.marpol.2008.07.014
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sarantakos , S. 1993 . Social Research , Basingstoke : Macmillan .
   Google Scholar
• Side, J. & Jowitt, P. (2002) Technologies and their influence on future UK marine resource development and management, Marine Policy, 26(4), pp. 231–241, doi: 10.1016/S0308-597X(02)00005-2.
   Google Scholar
• Slovic , P. 1987 . Perception of risk . Science , 236 ( 4799 ) : 280 – 285 . doi: 10.1126/science.3563507
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Slovic , P. and Peters , E. 2006 . Risk perception and affect . Current Directions in Psychological Science , 15 ( 6 ) : 322 – 325 . doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8721.2006.00461.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• South West Tourism . 2009 . Value of Tourism Available at http://www.swtourism.org.uk/documents/q/category/finance-facts-figures-documents/value-of-tourism-archive/value-of-tourism-2008/ (accessed 7 July 2010)
   Google Scholar
• Sustainable Development Commission . 2007 . Turning the Tide: Tidal Power in the UK , London : Her Majesty's Stationery Office .
   Google Scholar
• SWRDA . 2009 . Wave Hub Available at http://www.wavehub.co.uk/ (accessed 5 February 2009)
   Google Scholar
• SWRDA . 2010 . Offshore Contractor Appointed for Wave Hub Available at http://www.southwestrda.org.uk/news_and_events/2010/may/offshore_contractor_appointed.aspx (accessed 7 July 2010)
   Google Scholar
• Toke , D. 2005 . Explaining wind power planning outcomes, some findings from a study in England and Wales . Energy Policy , 33 ( 12 ) : 1527 – 1539 . doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2004.01.009
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Toke , D. 2011 . The UK offshore wind power programme: A sea-change in UK energy policy? . Energy Policy , 39 ( 2 ) : 526 – 534 . doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2010.08.043
   Google Scholar
• Tunstall , S. and Penning-Roswell , E. 1998 . The English beach: Experiences and values . The Geographical Journal , 164 ( 3 ) : 1 – 6 .
   Google Scholar
• Upham , P. and Shackley , S. 2006 . The case of a proposed 21.5MWe biomass gasifier in Winkleigh, Devon: Implications for governance of renewable energy planning . Energy Policy , 34 ( 15 ) : 2161 – 2172 . doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2005.04.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vidal , J. 2007 . Labour's plan to abandon renewable energy targets . The Guardian , October 23 : 1
   Google Scholar
• Viklund , M. 2004 . Energy policy options: From the perspective of public attitudes and risk perception . Energy Policy , 32 ( 10 ) : 1159 – 1171 . doi:10.1016/S0301-4215(03)00079-X
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walker , G. 1995 . Renewable energy and the public . Land Use Policy , 12 ( 1 ) : 49 – 59 . doi:10.1016/0264-8377(95)90074-C
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walker , G. 2008 . What are the barriers and incentives for community-owned means of energy production and use? . Energy Policy , 36 ( 12 ) : 4401 – 4405 . doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2008.09.032
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walker , G. and Cass , N. 2007 . Carbon reduction, ‘the public’ and renewable energy: Engaging with socio-technical configurations . Area , 39 ( 4 ) : 458 – 469 . doi: 10.1111/j.1475-4762.2007.00772.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• West , J. , Bailey , I. and Whitehead , I. Stakeholder perceptions of the wave hub in Cornwall, UK . Paper presented at the 8th European Wave and Tidal Energy Conference . September 7-10, Uppsala, Sweden.
   Google Scholar
• West , J. , Bailey , I. and Winter , M. 2010 . The divergent public perceptions of renewable energy in the southwest of England: A cultural theory approach . Energy Policy , 38 ( 10 ) : 5739 – 5748 . doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2010.05.024
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wolsink , M. 2005 . Wind power implementation: The nature of public attitudes: Equity and fairness instead of 'backyard motives . Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews , 11 ( 6 ) : 1188 – 1207 . doi:10.1016/j.rser.2005.10.005
   Google Scholar
• Wolsink , M. 2007 . Planning of renewables schemes: Deliberative and fair decision-making on landscape issues instead of reproachful accusations of non-cooperation . Energy Policy , 35 ( 5 ) : 2292 – 2704 . doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2006.12.002
   Google Scholar