2,652
Views
9
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Governing dual objectives within single policy mixes: an empirical analysis of large carnivore policies in six European countries

ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon show all
Pages 399-413 | Received 28 Mar 2020, Accepted 19 Oct 2020, Published online: 03 Nov 2020

References

  • Åhman, B., Svensson, K., & Rönnegård, L. (2014). High female mortality resulting in herd collapse in free-ranging domesticated reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) in Sweden. PLoS One, 9(10), e111509. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0111509
  • Bahn-Walkowiak, B., & Wilts, H. (2017). The institutional dimension of resource efficiency in a multi-level governance system—implications for policy mix design. Energy Research & Social Science, 33, 163–172. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2017.09.021
  • Baker, S. (2012). The evolution of European Union environmental policy. In S. Baker, M. Kousis, D. Richardson, & S. Young (Eds.), The politics of sustainable development: Theory, policy and practice within the European Union (pp. 89–104). [eBook]. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203992098
  • Bautista, C., Revilla, E., Naves, J., Albrecht, J., Fernández, N., Olszańska, A., Adamec, M., Berezowska-Cnota, T., Ciucci, P., Groff, C., Härkönen, S., Huber, D., Jerina, K., Jonozovič, M., Karamanlidis, A. A., Palazón, S., Quenette, P. Y., Rigg, R., Seijas, J., … Selva, N. (2019). Large carnivore damage in Europe: Analysis of compensation and prevention programs. Biological Conservation, 235, 308–316. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2019.04.019
  • Bemelmans-Videc, M. L., Rist, R. C., & Vedung, E. (1998). Carrots, sticks and sermons: Policy instruments and their evaluation. Transaction Publishers.
  • Bergsten, A. (2013). Spatial complexity and fit between ecology and management. Making sense of patterns in fragmented landscapes. Diss. Stockholm: 978-91-7447-834-1.
  • Boitani, L., & Linnell, J. D. C. (2015). Bringing large mammals back: Large carnivores in Europe. In H. M. Pereira & L. M. Navarro (Eds.), Rewilding European landscapes (pp. 67–84). [eBook]. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-12039-3
  • Bostedt, G., & Grahn, P. (2008). Estimating cost functions for the four large carnivores in Sweden. Ecological Economics, 68(1-2), 517–524. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2008.05.008
  • Carter, N. H., & Linnell, J. D. C. (2016). Co-adaptation is key to coexisting with large carnivores. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 31(8), 575–578. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2016.05.006
  • Chapron, G., Kaczensky, P., Linnell, J. D. C., von Arx, M., Huber, D., Andrén, H., López-Bao, J. V., Adamec, M., Álvares, F., Anders, O., Balčiauskas, L., Balys, V., Bedő, P., Bego, F., Blanco, J. C., Breitenmoser, U., Brøseth, H., Bufka, L., Bunikyte, R., … Boitani, L. (2014). Recovery of large carnivores in Europe’s modern human-dominated landscapes. Science, 346(6216), 1517–1519. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1257553
  • Cinque, S. (2015). Collaborative management in wolf licensed hunting: The dilemmas of public managers in moving collaboration forward. Wildlife Biology, 21(3), 157–164. https://doi.org/10.2981/wlb.00098
  • Cunningham, P., Edler, J., Flanagan, K., & Laredo, P. (2013). Innovation policy mix and instrument interaction: A review, Nesta Working Paper No. 13/20.
  • Díaz, S., Demissew, S., Carabias, J., Joly, C., Lonsdale, M., Ash, N., Larigauderie, A., Adhikari, J. R., Arico, S., Báldi, A., Bartuska, A., Baste, I. A., Bilgin, A., Brondizio, E., Chan, K. M. A., Figueroa, V. E., Duraiappah, A., Fischer, M., Hill, R. … Zlatanova, D. (2015). The IPBES conceptual framework – connecting nature and people. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 14, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2014.11.002
  • Dressel, S. (2020). Social-ecological performance of collaborative wildlife governance: The case of Swedish moose management. Diss. Sveriges lantbruksuniv., Acta Universitatis Agriculturae Sueciae, 1652-6880; 2020:30.
  • Eklund, A. (2019). On the other side of the fence. Diss. Sveriges lantbruksuniv., Acta Universitatis Agriculturae Sueciae, 1652-6880; 2019:63.
  • European Commission. (2020). Regional platforms on people and large carnivores Ávila (Castille and León) | Spain. last updated 08.01.2020. https://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/conservation/species/carnivores/regional_platforms_Spain.htm#National%20context
  • Frank, J., & Eklund, A. (2017). Poor construction, not time, takes its toll on subsidised fences designed to deter large carnivores. PLoS One, 12(4), e0175211. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0175211
  • Gervasi, V., Brøseth, H., Nilsen, E. B., Ellegren, H., Flagstad, Ø, & Linnell, J. D. C. (2015). Compensatory immigration counteracts contrasting conservation strategies of wolverines (Gulo gulo) within Scandinavia. Biological Conservation, 191, 632–639. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2015.07.024
  • Hansen, I., Strand, G. H., de Boon, A., & Sandström, C. (2019). Impacts of Norwegian large carnivore management strategy on national grazing sector. Journal of Mountain Science, 16(11), 2470–2483. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11629-019-5419-6
  • Hansson-Forman, K., Reimerson, E., Sjölander-Lindqvist, A., & Sanström, C. (2018). Governing large carnivores: Comparative insights from three different countries. Society & Natural Resources, 31(7), 837–852. https://doi.org/10.1080/08941920.2018.1447179
  • Interprovinciaal Overleg. (2019). Interprovinciaal Wolvenplan [Interprovincial wolf plan], IPO.
  • Kern, F., & Howlett, M. (2009). Implementing transition management as policy reforms: A case study of the Dutch energy sector. Policy Sciences, 42(4), 391–408. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11077-009-9099-x
  • Köck, W., & Kuchta, L. (2017). Wolfsmanagement in Deutschland: Recht und Praxis [Wolfmanagement in Germany: Law and practice]. Natur und Recht, 39(8), 509–517. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10357-017-3208-y
  • Kuijper, D. P. J., Churski, M., Trouwborst, A., Heurich, M., Smit, C., Kerley, G. I. H., & Cromsigt, J. P. G. M. (2019). Keep the wolf from the door: How to conserve wolves in Europe’s human-dominated landscapes? Biological Conservation, 235, 102–111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2019.04.004
  • Lange, P., Driessen, P. P. J., Sauer, A., Bornemann, B., & Burger, P. (2013). Governing towards sustainability: Conceptualizing modes of governance. Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning, 15(3), 403–425. https://doi.org/10.1080/1523908X.2013.769414
  • Mancheva, I. (2020). Forest water governance. Challenges in cross-sectoral and multi-level collaboration. Diss. Umeå University, 0349-0831; 2020:1.
  • Mykrä, S., Pohja-Mykrä, M., & Vuorisalo, T. (2017). Hunters’ attitudes matter: Diverging bear and wolf population trajectories in Finland in the late nineteenth century and today. European Journal of Wildlife Research, 63(76), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10344-017-1134-1
  • Office of the Auditor General of Norway. (2019). Riksrevisjonens undersøkelse av rovviltforvaltningen, Dokument 3:13 (2018–2019), [Office of the Auditor General of Norway’s investigation of large carnivore management, Document 3:13]. https://www.riksrevisjonen.no/globalassets/rapporter/no-2018-2019/rovviltforvaltningen.pdf
  • Ossenbrink, J., Finnsson, S., Bening, C. R., & Hoffmann, V. H. (2019). Delineating policy mixes: Contrasting top-down and bottom-up approaches to the case of energy-storage policy in California. Research Policy, 48(10), 103582. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2018.04.014
  • Papadopoulos, Y., & Warin, P. (2007). Are innovative, participatory and deliberative procedures in policy making democratic and effective? European Journal of Political Research, 46(4), 445–472. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6765.2007.00696.x
  • Pedersen, A. B., Nielsen, HØ, & Daugbjerg, C. (2020). Environmental policy mixes and target group heterogeneity: Analysing Danish farmers’ responses to the pesticide taxes. Journal of Environmental Policy & Planning, 22(5), 608–619. https://doi.org/10.1080/1523908X.2020.1806047
  • Pellikka, J., & Hiedanpää, J. (2017). Looking for a common ground: Useful knowledge and adaptation in wolf politics in southwestern Finland. Wildlife Biology, 2017(1), wlb.00269. https://doi.org/10.2981/wlb.00269
  • Pohja-Mykrä, M., & Kurki, S. (2014). Strong community support for illegal killing challenges wolf management. European Journal of Wildlife Research, 60(5), 759–770. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10344-014-0845-9
  • Ratamäki, O. (2008). Finland’s wolf policy and new governance. The Journal of Environment & Development, 17(3), 316–339. https://doi.org/10.1177/1070496508320251
  • Redpath, S. M., Linnell, J. D. C., Festa-Bianchet, M., Boitani, L., Bunnefeld, N., Dickman, A., Gutiérrez, R. J., Irvine, R. J., Johansson, M., Majić, A., McMahon, B. J., Pooley, S., Sandström, C., Sjölander-Lindqvist, A., Skogen, K., Swenson, J. E., Trouwborst, A., Young, J., & Milner-Gulland, E. J. (2017). Don’t forget to look down: Collaborative approaches to predator conservation. Biological Reviews, 92(4), 2157–2163. https://doi.org/10.1111/brv.12326
  • Ribot, J. C. (2002). Democratic decentralization of natural resources: Institutionalizing popular participation. World Resource Institute.
  • Risvoll, C., Fedreheim, G. E., & Galafassi, D. (2016). Trade-offs in pastoral governance in Norway: Challenges for biodiversity and adaptation. Pastoralism: Research, Policy and Practice, 6(4), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13570-016-0051-3
  • Risvoll, C., & Kaarhus, R. (2020). Struggling with ‘clear zoning’: Dilemmas of predator-pastoral coexistence in Nordland, Northern Norway. In A. Breidlid & R. Krøvel (Eds.), Indigenous knowledges and the sustainable development agenda (pp. 185–206). Routledge.
  • Rogge, K. S., & Reichardt, K. (2013). Towards a more comprehensive policy mix conceptualization for environmental technological change: A literature synthesis. Working Paper Sustainability and Innovation, No. S3/2013, Fraunhofer ISI.
  • Rogge, K. S., & Reichardt, K. (2016). Policy mixes for sustainability transitions: An extended concept and framework for analysis. Research Policy, 45(8), 1620–1635. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2016.04.004
  • Salvatori, V., Balian, E., Blanco, J. C., Ciucci, P., Demeter, L., Hartel, T., Marsden, K., Redpath, S. M., von Korff, Y., & Young, J. C. (2020). Applying participatory processes to address conflicts over the conservation of large carnivores: Understanding conditions for successful management. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 8, 182. https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2020.00182
  • Sandström, C., Sjölander-Lindqvist, A., Pellikka, J., Hiedanpää, J., Krange, O., & Skogen, K. (2018). Between politics and management: Governing large carnivores in Fennoscandia. In T. Hovardes (Ed.), Large carnivore conservation and management: Human dimensions (pp. 269–290). Routledge.
  • Schneider, A., & Ingram, H. (1988). Systematically pinching ideas: A comparative approach to policy design. Journal of Public Policy, 8(1), 61–80. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0143814X00006851
  • Schneider, A., & Ingram, H. (2005). Policy design. In J. Rabin (Ed.), Encyclopedia of public administration and public policy (1st update suppl., pp. 204–208). Taylor & Francis Group.
  • Sjölander-Lindqvist, A. (2015). Targeted removal of wolves: Analysis of the motives for controlled hunting. Wildlife Biology, 21(3), 138–146. https://doi.org/10.2981/wlb.00011
  • Sjölander-Lindqvist, A., Risvoll, C., Kaarhus, R., Lundberg, A. K., & Sandström, C. (2020). Knowledge claims and struggles in decentralized large carnivore governance: Insights from Norway and Sweden. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 8, 120. https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2020.00120
  • Stöhr, C., & Coimbra, E. (2013). The governance of the wolf-human relationship in Europe. Review of European Studies, 5(4), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.5539/res.v5n4p1
  • Strand, G. H. (Ed.). (2018). Beitebruk i ulvesona [Pasture use in the wolf zones] (Report No. 4(121)). NIBIO.
  • Strand, G. H., Hansen, I., de Boon, A., & Sandström, C. (2019). Carnivore management zones and their impact on sheep farming in Norway. Journal of Environmental Management, 64(5), 537–552. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-019-01212-4
  • Suvantola, L. (2013). The golden eagle compensation scheme in Finland as an example of incentive measures: Potential for conflict management? In R. A. Klenke, I. Ring, A. Kranz, N. Jespen, F. Rauschmayer, & K. Henle (Eds.), Human-wildlife conflicts in Europe: Fisheries and fish-eating vertebrates as a model case (pp. 201–214). Springer-Verlag.
  • Swedish Environmental Protection Agency (2013). Förvaltningsverktyg för förekomst av stora rovdjur baserat på en toleransnivå för rennäringen. Redovisning av ett regeringsuppdrag [Management tool for the presence of large carnivores based on a tolerance level for reindeer husbandry. Report of a government assignment] (Report No. 6555).
  • Treves, A., Krofel, M., & McManus, J. (2016). Predator control should not be a shot in the dark. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 14(7), 380–388. https://doi.org/10.1002/fee.1312
  • Trouwborst, A. (2014). The EU Habitats Directive and wolf conservation and management on the Iberian Peninsula: A legal perspective. Galemys, Spanish Journal of Mammalogy, 22, 15–30. https://doi.org/10.7325/Galemys.2014.A2
  • Trouwborst, A. (2018). Wolves not welcome? Zoning for large carnivore conservation and management under the Bern Convention and EU Habitats Directive. Review of European, Comparative & International Environmental Law, 27(3), 306–319. https://doi.org/10.1111/reel.12249
  • Trouwborst, A., & Fleurke, F. M. (2019). Killing wolves legally: Exploring the scope for lethal wolf management under European nature conservation law. Journal of International Wildlife Law & Policy, 22(3), 231–273. https://doi.org/10.1080/13880292.2019.1686223
  • United Nations. (1992). Convention on biological diversity. https://www.cbd.int/doc/legal/cbd-en.pdf
  • von Wehrden, H., Abson, D. J., Beckmann, M., Cord, A. F., Klotz, S., & Seppelt, R. (2014). Realigning the land-sharing/land-sparing debate to match conservation needs: Considering diversity scales and land-use history. Landscape Ecology, 29(6), 941–948. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-014-0038-7
  • Ward, C., Stringer, L. C., & Holmes, G. (2018). Protected area co-management and perceived livelihood impacts. Journal of Environmental Management, 228, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.09.018
  • Young, O. R., & Stokke, O. S. (2020). Why is it hard to solve environmental problems? The perils of institutional reductionism and institutional overload. International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics, 20(1), 5–19. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10784-020-09468-6
  • Zabel, A., Bostedt, G., & Engel, S. (2014). Performance payments for groups: The case of carnivore conservation in Northern Sweden. Environmental and Resource Economics, 59(4), 613–631. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10640-013-9752-x
  • Zahl-Thanem, A., Burton, J. F., Blekesaune, A., Haugen, M. S., & Rønningen, K. (2020). The impact of wolves on psychological distress among farmers in Norway. Journal of Rural Studies, 78, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2020.05.010