6,057
Views
22
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Tell Me a Story: Exploring Elite Female Athletes’ Self-Presentation via an Analysis of Instagram Stories

ORCID Icon, , &

References

  • Amâncio, M. (2017), “‘Put It in Your Story’: Digital Storytelling in Instagram and Snapchat Stories,” master’s thesis, Uppsala University, http://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1111663/FULLTEXT01.pdf.
  • Anagnostopoulos, C., P. Parganas, S. Chadwick, and A. Fenton (2018), “Branding in Pictures: Using Instagram As a Brand Management Tool in Professional Team Sport Organizations,” European Sport Management Quarterly, 18 (4), 413–38.
  • Arai, A., Y.J. Ko, and S. Ross (2014), “Branding Athletes: Exploration and Conceptualization of Athlete Brand Image,” Sport Management Review, 17 (2), 97–106.
  • Arkin, R.M. (1981), “Self-Presentation Styles,” in Impression Management Theory and Social Psychology Research, J.T. Tedeschi, ed., New York, NY: Academic Press, 311–33.
  • Baumeister, R.F., and D.G. Hutton (1987), “Self-Presentation Theory: Self-Construction and Audience Pleasing,” in Theories of Group Behavior, B. Mullen and G.R. Goethals, eds., New York, NY: Springer, 71–87.
  • Billings, A.C., and B.J. Ruihley (2014), The Fantasy Sport Industry: Games within Games, London, United Kingdom: Routledge.
  • Blight, M.G., E.K. Ruppel, and K.V. Schoenbauer (2017), “Sense of Community on Twitter and Instagram: Exploring the Roles of Motives and Parasocial Relationships,” Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 20 (5), 314–19.
  • Booton, J. (2017), “How Instagram Aims to Change the Face of Athlete Media,” Sport Techie, October 17, https://www.sporttechie.com/instagram-facebook-aim-change-athlete-media/.
  • Burch, L.M., and M.H. Zimmerman (2019), “Female Athletes Find a Place for Expression on Instagram,” in Routledge Handbook of the Business of Women’s Sport, Nancy Lough and Andrea N. Geurin, eds., London, United Kingdom: Routledge, 468–79.
  • Bursztynsky, J. (2019), “Instagram Is the Best Way to Market to Teens, Says Piper Jaffray Survey,” CNBC, April 8, https://www.cnbc.com/2019/04/08/instagram-best-for-marketing-to-teens-snapchat-second-piper-jaffray.html.
  • Castrillon, C. (2019), “Why Personal Brand Is More Important Than Ever,” Forbes, February 12, https://www.forbes.com/sites/carolinecastrillon/2019/02/12/why-personal-branding-is-more-important-than-ever/#2f84fd122408.
  • Chiang, J.K.H., and H.Y. Suen (2015), “Self-Presentation and Hiring Recommendations in Online Communities: Lessons from LinkedIn,” Computers in Human Behavior, 48, 516–24.
  • Clavio, G., and A.N. Eagleman (2011), “Gender and Sexually Suggestive Images in Sports Blogs,” Journal of Sport Management, 25 (4), 295–304.
  • Clipperton, J. (2020), “Canada Edges U.S. in Latest Chapter of Women’s Hockey Rivalry at NHL Skills Competition,” CBC Sports, January 24, https://www.cbc.ca/sports/hockey/nhl/nhl-all-star-skills-competition-1.5440143.
  • Constine, J. (2016), “Instagram Launches ‘Stories,’ a Snapchatty Feature for Imperfect Sharing,” Tech Crunch, August 2, https://techcrunch.com/2016/08/02/instagram-stories/.
  • Danjou, A. (2018), “Why Instagram Is the Main Social Platform in Sport,” Digital Sport, March 3, https://digitalsport.co/intagram-sport-clubs-leagues-athletes.
  • de Souza Silva, T.A., R. Barbosa, G. Angélica, I. Santana Silva, and F.R. dos Santos Coutinho (2018), “Ephemeral Narrative System Sociability Mediated by User Experience: A Case Study of Instagram Stories,” IADIS International Journal on WWW/Internet, 16 (2), 34–49.
  • Feehan, B. (2019), “2019 Social Media Industry Brandmark Report,” Rival IQ [blog], February 15, https://www.rivaliq.com/blog/2019-social-media-benchmark-report/.
  • Filo, K., D. Lock, and A. Karg (2015), “Sport and Social Media Research: A Review,” Sport Management Review, 18 (2), 166–181.
  • Frederick, E.L., and G. Clavio (2015), “Blurred Lines: An Examination of High School Football Recruits’ Self-Presentation on Twitter,” International Journal of Sport Communication, 8 (3), 330–44.
  • Geurin-Eagleman, A.N., and L.M. Burch (2016), “Communicating via Photographs: A Gendered Analysis of Olympic Athletes’ Visual Self-Presentation on Instagram,” Sport Management Review, 19 (2), 133–45.
  • Geurin-Engleman, A.N. (2017), “Elite Female Athletes’ Perceptions of New Media Use Relating to Their Careers: A Qualitative Analysis,” Journal of Sport Management, 31 (4), 345–59.
  • Ghodeswar, B.M. (2008), “Building Brand Identity in Competitive Markets: A Conceptual Model,” Journal of Product and Brand Management, 17 (1), 4–12.
  • Gladden, J.M., and D.C. Funk (2002), “Developing an Understanding of Brand Associations in Team Sport: Empirical Evidence from Consumers of Professional Sport,” Journal of Sport Management, 16 (1), 54–81.
  • Glaser, B.G. (1965), “The Constant Comparative Method of Qualitative Analysis,” Social Problems, 12 (4), 436–45.
  • Gleeson, M. (2020), “AFL Juggernaut Booming As League Sinks Cash into Women’s Footy,” The Age, February 18, https://www.theage.com.au/sport/afl/afl-juggernaut-booming-as-league-sinks-cash-into-women-s-footy-20200218-p5420g.html.
  • Goffman, E. (1959), The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life, Harmondsworth, United Kingdom: Penguin Press.
  • Gruzd, A., J. Lannigan, and K. Quigley (2018), “Examining Government Cross-Platform Engagement in Social Media: Instagram vs Twitter and the Big Lift Project,” Government Information Quarterly, 35 (4), 579–87.
  • Hardin, M., J. Chance, J.E. Dodd, and B. Hardin (2002), “Olympic Photo Coverage Fair to Female Athletes,” Newspaper Research Journal, 23 (2–3), 64–78.
  • Hess, A. (2019), “U.S. Viewership of the 2019 Women’s World Cup Final Was 22% Higher Than the 2018 Men’s Final,” CNBC, July 10, https://www.cnbc.com/2019/07/10/us-viewership-of-the-womens-world-cup-final-was-higher-than-the-mens.html.
  • Holsti, O.R. (1969), Content Analysis for the Social Sciences and Humanities, London, United Kingdom: Addison-Wesley.
  • Hull, K. (2014), “A Hole in One (Hundred Forty Characters): A Case Study Examining PGA Tour Golfers’ Twitter Use during the Masters,” International Journal of Sport Communication, 7 (2), 245–60.
  • Instagram (2017), “Celebrating One Year of Instagram Stories,” Instagram, August 2, https://about.instagram.com/blog/announcements/celebrating-one-year-of-instagram-stories.
  • Instagram (2018), “Scrolling, Swiping, and Scoring: Key Moments in Sports on Instagram” [blog], Instagram, February 28, https://business.instagram.com/blog/key-moments-in-sports-on-instagram.
  • Jackson, C.A., and A.F. Luchner (2018), “Self-Presentation Mediates the Relationship between Self-Criticism and Emotional Response to Instagram Feedback,” Personality and Individual Differences, 133, 1–6.
  • Jackson, D. (2019), “Instagram vs Facebook: Which Is Best for Your Brand Strategy?,” Sprout Social, June 30, https://sproutsocial.com/insights/instagram-vs-facebook/.
  • Johnson, E. (2017), “Did Instagram Copy Snapchat? Not Exactly, Instagram CEO Kevin Systrom Says,” Vox, June 5, https://www.vox.com/2017/6/5/15738276/instagram-snapchat-stories-copying-kevin-systrom-filters-facebook-snap-kara-swisher-decode-podcast.
  • Keller, E. (2019), “Why Authenticity Is Critical to Cultivating a Personal Brand,” LinkedIn, January 3, https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/why-authenticity-critical-cultivating-personal-brand-ed-keller/.
  • Kim, J.K., and K. Hull (2017), “How Fans are Engaging with Baseball Teams Demonstrating Multiple Objectives on Instagram,” Sport, Business and Management: An International Journal, 7 (2), 216–32.
  • Kowalczyk, C.M., and K.R. Pounders (2016), “Transforming Celebrities through Social Media: The Role of Authenticity and Emotional Attachment,” Journal of Product and Brand Management, 25 (4), 345–56.
  • Kunkel, T., and R. Biscaia (2020), “Sport Brands: Brand Relationships and Consumer Behavior,” Sport Marketing Quarterly, 29 (1), 3–17.
  • Laverty, R. (2018), “The 100 Best Female Footballers in the World 2018,” The Guardian, December 7, https://www.theguardian.com/football/ng-interactive/2018/dec/04/the-100-best-female-footballers-in-the-world-2018.
  • Lebel, K., and K. Danylchuk (2012), “How Tweet It Is: A Gendered Analysis of Professional Tennis Players’ Self-Presentation on Twitter,” International Journal of Sport Communication, 5 (4), 461–80.
  • Lee, E., J.A. Lee, J.H. Moon, and Y. Sung (2015), “Pictures Speak Louder Than Words: Motivations for Using Instagram,” Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 18 (9), 552–56.
  • Li, B., S.W. Dittmore, and O.K. Scott (2017), “Points of Attachment on Social Media: Exploring Similarities and Differences between Chinese and Western National Basketball Association Fans,” Asia Pacific Journal of Sport and Social Science, 6 (3), 201–15.
  • Li, B., S.W. Dittmore, O.K. Scott, W.J. Lo, and S. Stokowski (2019), “Why We Follow: Examining Motivational Differences in Following Sport Organizations on Twitter and Weibo,” Sport Management Review, 22 (3), 335–47.
  • Li, B., S. Stokowski, S.W. Dittmore, J.R. Malmo, and D.T. Rolfe (2017), “A Case Study of Self-Representation on Twitter: A Gender Analysis of How Student-Athletes Portray Themselves,” Global Sport Business Journal, 5 (1), 61–75.
  • Lobpries, J., G. Bennett, and N. Brison (2018), “How I Perform Is Not Enough: Exploring Branding Barriers Faced by Elite Female Athletes,” Sport Marketing Quarterly, 27 (1), 5–17.
  • Meng, M.D., C. Stavros, and K. Westberg (2015), “Engaging Fans through Social Media: Implications for Team Identification,” Sport, Business, and Management: An International Journal, 5 (3), 199–217.
  • Naraine, M.L. (2019), “Follower Segments within and across the Social Media Networks of Major Professional Sport Organizations,” Sport Marketing Quarterly, 28 (4), 222–33.
  • Naraine, M.L., and M.M. Parent (2016), “Illuminating Centralized Users in the Social Media Ego Network of Two National Sport Organizations,” Journal of Sport Management, 30 (6), 689–701.
  • Naraine, M.L., H.T. Wear, and D.J. Whitburn (2019), “User Engagement from within the Twitter Community of Professional Sport Organizations,” Managing Sport and Leisure, 24 (5), 275–93.
  • Newbury, C. (2019), “37 Instagram Stats That Matter to Marketers in 2020,” Hootsuite [blog], October 22, https://blog.hootsuite.com/instagram-statistics/.
  • O’Donnell, K. (2019), “World Cup That Will Enhance Your Instagram Strategy,” Red Torch, July 15, https://www.redtorch.co/insight-hub/five-lessons-fifa-womens-world-cup-instagram-strategy/.
  • Pate, J.R., R. Hardin, and B.J. Ruihley (2014), “Speak for Yourself: Analysing How U.S. Athletes Used Self-Presentation on Twitter during the 2012 London Paralympic Games,” International Journal of Sport Management and Marketing, 15 (3/4), 141–62.
  • Pegoraro, A., G.S. Comeau, and E.L. Frederick (2018), #SheBelieves: The Use of Instagram to Frame the U.S. Women’s Soccer Team during #FIFAWWC,” Sport in Society, 21 (7), 1063–77.
  • Picard, C.L. (1999), “The Level of Competition As a Factor for the Development of Eating Disorders in Female Collegiate Athletes,” Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 28 (5), 583–94.
  • Pronschinske, M., M.D. Groza, and M. Walker (2012), “Attracting Facebook ‘Fans’: The Importance of Authenticity and Engagement As a Social Networking Strategy for Professional Sport Teams,” Sport Marketing Quarterly, 21, 221–32.
  • Ramirez, A., and J. Walther (2009), “Information Seeking and Interpersonal Outcomes Using the Internet,” in Uncertainty, Information Management, and Disclosure Decisions, T.D. Afifi and W.A. Afifi, eds., New York: Routledge, 67–84.
  • Read, A. (n.d.), “Instagram Stories: The Complete Guide to Using Stories,” Buffer Marketing Library, https://buffer.com/library/instagram-stories.
  • Rife, D., S. Lacy, and F.G. Fico (2013), Analyzing Media Messages, 3rd ed., Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
  • Romney, M., and R.G. Johnson (2020), “The Ball Game Is for the Boys: The Visual Framing of Female Athletes on National Sports Networks’ Instagram Accounts,” Communication and Sport, 8 (6), 738–56.
  • Rosenberg, J., and N. Egbert (2011), “Online Impression Management: Personality Traits and Concerns for Secondary Goals As Predictors of Self-Presentation Tactics on Facebook,” Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 17 (1), 1–18.
  • Rui, J., and M.A. Stafanone (2013), “Strategic Self-Presentation Online: A Cross-Cultural Study,” Computers in Human Behavior, 29 (1), 110–18.
  • Sanderson, J. (2011), It’s a Whole New Ballgame: How Social Media Is Changing Sports, New York: Hampton Press.
  • Sanderson, J (2013), “Social Media and Sport Communication: Abundant Theoretical Opportunities,” in Routledge Handbook of Sport Communication, Paul M. Pederson, ed., New York: Routledge, 70–79.
  • Shreffler, M.B., M.G. Hancock, and S.H. Schmidt (2016), “Self-Presentation of Female Athletes: A Content Analysis of Athlete Avatars,” International Journal of Sport Communication, 9 (4), 460–75.
  • Smith, L.R., and J. Sanderson (2015), “I’m Going to Instagram It! An Analysis of Athlete Self-Presentation on Instagram,” Journal of Broadcasting and Electronic Media, 59 (2), 342–58.
  • Toffoletti, K., and H. Thorpe (2018), “The Athletic Labour of Femininity: The Branding and Consumption of Global Celebrity Sportswomen on Instagram,” Journal of Consumer Culture, 18 (2), 298–316.
  • Waddell, T.F. (2016), “The Allure of Privacy or the Desire for Self-Expression? Identifying Users’ Gratifications for Ephemeral, Photograph-Based Communication,” Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 19 (7), 441–45.
  • Wagner, K. (2018), “‘Stories’ Was Instagram’s Smartest Move Yet,” Vox, August 8, https://www.vox.com/2018/8/8/17641256/instagram-stories-kevin-systrom-facebook-snapchat.
  • Walsh, P., G. Clavio, M.D. Lovell, and M. Blaszka (2013), “Differences in Event Brand Personality Between Social Media Users and Non-Users,” Sport Marketing Quarterly, 22 (4), 214–23.
  • Watkins, B., and J.W. Lee (2016), “Communicating Brand Identity on Social Media: A Case Study of the Use of Instagram and Twitter for Collegiate Athletic Branding,” International Journal of Sport Communication, 9 (4), 476–98.
  • Yan, G., N.M. Watanabe, S.L. Shapiro, M.L. Naraine, and K. Hull (2019), “Unfolding the Twitter Scene of the 2017 UEFA Champions League Final: Social Media Networks and Power Dynamics,” European Sport Management Quarterly, 19 (4), 419–36.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.