Transforming the Fan Experience through Livestreaming: A Conceptual Model

References

• Achen, R. M., J. Kaczorowski, T. Horsmann, and A. Ketzler (2020), “Comparing organizational content and fan interaction on Twitter and Facebook in United States professional sport.” Managing Sport and Leisure, 25(5), 358–375.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andrew, D. P., P. M. Pedersen, and C. D. McEvoy (2020), Research methods and design in sport management. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
   Google Scholar
• Belanche, D., C. Flavián, and A. Pérez-Rueda (2017), “Understanding interactive online advertising: Congruence and product involvement in highly and lowly arousing, skippable video ads.” Journal of Interactive Marketing, 37, 75–88.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Braun, V., and V. Clarke (2013), Successful qualitative research: A practical guide for beginners. London, United Kingdom: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Brodie, R. J., A. Ilic, B. Juric, and L. Hollebeek (2013), “Consumer engagement in a virtual brand community: An exploratory analysis.” Journal of Business Research, 66(1), 105–114.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chi, H. H. (2011), “Interactive digital advertising vs. virtual brand community: Exploratory study of user motivation and social media marketing responses in Taiwan.” Journal of Interactive Advertising, 12(1), 44–61.
   Google Scholar
• Creswell, J.W. (2013), Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed method approaches. Los Angeles, CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Effing, R., and T. A. Spil (2016), “The social strategy cone: Towards a framework for evaluating social media strategies.” International Journal of Information Management, 36(1), 1–8.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Facebook (2016), Trends: Facebook Live and Sports Publishers. Retrieved from https://www.facebook.com/facebookmedia/blog/trends-facebook-live-and-sports-publishers
   Google Scholar
• Filo, K., D. Lock, and A. Karg (2015), “Sport and social media research: A review.” Sport Management Review, 18(2), 166–181.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grönroos, C. (2011), “Value co-creation in service logic: A critical analysis.” Marketing Theory, 11(3), 279–301.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grönroos, C., and J. Gummerus (2014), “The service revolution and its marketing implications: Service logic vs service-dominant logic.” Managing Service Quality: An International Journal, 24(3), 206–229.
   Google Scholar
• Grönroos, C., and P. Voima (2013), “Critical service logic: Making sense of value creation and co-creation.” Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 41(2), 133–150.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haimson, O. L., and J. C. Tang (2017), “What makes live events engaging on Facebook Live, Periscope, and Snapchat.” Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pp. 48–60.
   Google Scholar
• Hu, X., and K. Wise (2020), “Perceived control or haptic sensation? Exploring the effect of image interactivity on consumer responses to online product displays.” Journal of Interactive Advertising, 20(1), 60–75.
   Google Scholar
• Huertas, A. (2018), “How live videos and stories in social media influence tourist opinions and behaviour.” Information Technology and Tourism, 19(1), 1–28.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Interactive Advertising Bureau (2018, June 13), Live video streaming: A global perspective. Retrieved from https://www.iab.com/insights/live-video-streaming-2018/
   Google Scholar
• Johnson, Z., C. Massiah, and J. Allan (2013), “Community identification increases consumer‐to‐consumer helping, but not always.” Journal of Consumer Marketing, 30(2), 121–129.
   Google Scholar
• Kim, H. S., and M. Kim (2020), “Viewing sports online together? Psychological consequences on social live streaming service usage.” Sport Management Review, 23(5), 869–882
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leckenby, J. D., and H. Li (2000), “From the editors: Why we need the Journal of Interactive Advertising.” Journal of Interactive Advertising, 1(1), 1–3.
   Google Scholar
• Leonard-Barton, D. (1990), “A dual methodology for case studies: Synergistic use of a longitudinal single site with replicated multiple sites.” Organization Science, 1(3), 248–266.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luo, M., T. W. Hsu, J. S. Park, and J. T. Hancock, (2020). “Emotional amplification during live-streaming: Evidence from comments during and after news events.” Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction, 4(CSCW1), 1–19.
   Google Scholar
• McDonald, H., and A. J. Karg (2014), “Managing co-creation in professional sports: The antecedents and consequences of ritualized spectator behavior.” Sport Management Review, 17(3), 292–309.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morse, J. M. (2015), “Critical analysis of strategies for determining rigor in qualitative inquiry.” Qualitative Health Research, 25(9), 1212–1222.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Naraine, M. L. (2019), “Follower segments within and across the social media networks of major professional sport organizations.” Sport Marketing Quarterly, 28(4), 222–233.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Naraine, M. L., and A. Karg (2019), “Digital media in international sport: Engaging fans via social media and fantasy sports.” in International Sport Management, 2nd ed., E. MacIntosh, G. Bravo, and M. Li, eds., Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics, 315–331.
   Google Scholar
• Naraine, M. L., H. T. Wear, and D. J. Whitburn (2019), “User engagement from within the Twitter community of professional sport organizations.” Managing Sport and Leisure, 24(5), 275–293.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patterson, D., and M. M. Parent (2017), “The (un)importance of existing: Community sport organizations environmental negotiation.” Sport in Society, 20(1), pp. 84–106.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raman, A., G. Tyson, and N. Sastry (2018), “Facebook (A)Live? Are Live Social Broadcasts Really Broadcasts?” Proceedings of the 2018 World Wide Web Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 1491–1500.
   Google Scholar
• Ramaswamy, V., and K. Ozcan (2018), What is co-creation? An interactional creation framework and its implications for value creation. Journal of Business Research, 84, 196–205.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rodgers, S., and E. Thorson (2000), “The interactive advertising model: How users perceive and process online ads.” Journal of Interactive Advertising, 1(1), 41–60.
   Google Scholar
• Santos, T. O., A. Correia, R. Biscaia, and A. Pegoraro (2019), “Examining fan engagement through social networking sites.” International Journal of Sports Marketing and Sponsorship, 20(1), 163–183.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scheibe, K., K. J. Fietkiewicz, and W. G. Stock (2016), “Information behavior on social live streaming services.” Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice, 4(2), 6–20.
   Google Scholar
• Skjuve, M., and P. B. Brandtzaeg (2020), “Facebook Live: A mixed-methods approach to explore individual live streaming practices and motivations on Facebook.” Interacting with Computers, 31(6), 1–14.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smitz, P., and B. Blake (2007), Australian language and culture. Footscray, Australia: Lonely Planet.
   Google Scholar
• Stavros, C., M. D. Meng, K. Westberg, and F. Farrelly (2014), “Understanding fan motivation for interacting on social media.” Sport Management Review, 17(4), 455–469.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thompson, A. J., A. J. Martin, S. Gee, and A. N. Geurin (2018), “Building brand and fan relationships through social media.” Sport, Business and Management: An International Journal, 8(3), 235–256.
   Google Scholar
• Vale, L., and T. Fernandes (2018), “Social media and sports: Driving fan engagement with football clubs on Facebook.” Journal of Strategic Marketing, 26(1), 37–55.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vargo, C. J. (2016), “Toward a tweet typology: Contributory consumer engagement with brand messages by content type.” Journal of Interactive Advertising, 16(2), 157–168.
   Google Scholar
• Vargo, S. L., and R. F. Lusch (2008), “Service-dominant logic: Continuing the evolution.” Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 36(1), 1–10.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vivek, S. D., S. E. Beatty, and R. M. Morgan (2012), “Customer engagement: Exploring customer relationships beyond purchase.” Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 20(2), 122–146.
   Google Scholar
• Yin, R. K. (2014), Case study research: Design and methods. London, United Kingdom: Sage.
   Google Scholar