The Effects of Ambient Particulate Matter on Human Alveolar Macrophage Oxidative and Inflammatory Responses

REFERENCES

• Aam , B. B. and Fonum , F. 2007 . ROS scavenging effects of organic extracts of diesel exhaust particles on human neutrophil granulocytes and rat alveolar macrophages . Toxicology , 230 : 207 – 218 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alexis , N. E. , Lay , J. C. , Zeman , K. , Bennett , W. E. , Peden , D. B. , Soukup , J. M. , Devlin , R. B. and Becker , S. 2006 . Biological material on inhaled coarse fraction particulate matter activates airway phagocytes in vivo in healthy volunteers . J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. , 117 : 1396 – 1403 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amakawa , K. , Terashima , T. , Matsuzaki , T. , Matsumaru , A. , Sagai , M. and Yamaguchi , K. 2003 . Suppressive effects of diesel exhaust particles on cytokine release from human and murine alveolar macrophages . Exp. Lung Res. , 29 : 149 – 164 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baggiolini , M. , Walz , A. and Kunkel , S. L. 1989 . Neutrophil-activating peptide-1/interleukin-8 a novel cytokine that activates neutrophils . J. Clin. Invest. , 84 : 1045 – 1049 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Balboa , G. P. , Balsinde , J. , Johnson , C. A. and Dennis , E. A. 1999 . Regulation of arachidonic acid mobilization in lipopolysaccharide-activated P388D (1) macrophages by adenosine triphosphate . J. Biol. Chem. , 274 : 36764 – 36768 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Baldwin , A. S. , Jr. 2001 . Series introduction: The transcription factor NF-κβ and human disease . J. Clin. Invest. , 107 : 3 – 6 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Becker , S. , Devlin , R. B. and Haskill , J. S. 1989 . Differential production of tumor necrosis factor, macrophage colony stimulating factor, and interleukin 1 by human alveolar macrophages . J. Leukocyte Biol. , 45 : 353 – 361 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Becker , S. , Dailey , L. A. , Soukup , J. M. , Grambow , S. C. , Devlin , R. B. and Huang , Y. C. 2005a . Seasonal variations in air pollution particle-induced inflammatory mediator release and oxidative stress . Environ. Health Perspect. , 113 : 1032 – 1038 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Becker , S. , Soukup , J. M. , Sioutas , C. and Cassee , F. R. 2003 . Response of human alveolar macrophages to ultrafine, fine, and coarse urban air pollution particles . Exp. Lung Res. , 29 : 29 – 44 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Becker , S. , Soukup , J. M. , Gilmour , M. I. and Devlin , R. B. 1996 . Stimulation of human and rat alveolar macrophages by urban air particulates: Effects on oxidant radical generation and cytokine production . Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. , 141 : 637 – 648 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Becker , S. , Mundandhara , S. , Devlin , R. B. and Madden , M. C. 2005b . Regulation of cytokine production in human alveolar macrophages and airway epithelial cells in response to ambient air pollution particles: Further mechanistic studies . Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. , 207 : S269 – S275 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Binkova , B. , Cerna , M. , Pastorkova , A. , Jelenek , R. , Benes , I. , Novak , J. and Sram , R. J. 2003 . Biological activities of organic compounds adsorbed onto ambient air particles: Comparison between the cities of Teplice and Prague during the summer and winter seasons 2000–2001 . Mutat. Res. , 525 : 43 – 59 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bringham , K. L. and Meyrick , B. 1986 . Endotoxin and lung injury . Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. , 133 : 913 – 927 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Brown , G. P. , Monick , M. M. and Hunninghake , G. W. 1988 . Human alveolar macrophage arachidonic acid metabolism . Am. J. Physiol. , 254 : C809 – C815 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carter , A. B. , Monick , M. M. and Hunninghake , G. W. 1998 . Lipopolysaccharide-induced NF-κβ activation and cytokine release in human alveolar macrophages is PKC-independent and TK- and dPC-PLC-dependent . Am. J. Respir. Cell. Mol. Biol. , 18 : 384 – 391 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Castranova , V. , Ma , J. R. , Yang , H. M. , Antonini , J. M. , Butterworth , L. , Barger , M. W. , Roberts , J. and Ma , J. K. 2001 . Effect of exposure to diesel exhaust particles on the susceptibility of the lung to infection . Environ. Health Perspect. , 109 ( suppl. 4 ) : 609 – 612 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Craig , L. , Brook , J. R. , Chiotti , Q. , Croes , B. , Gower , S. , Hedley , A. , Krewski , D. , Krupnick , A. , Krzyzanowski , M. , Moran , M. D. , Pennell , W. , Samet , J. M. , Schneider , J. , Shortreed , J. and Williams , M. 2008 . Air pollution and public health: A guidance document for risk managers . J. Toxicol. Environ. Health A , 71 : 588 – 698 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Delfino , R. J. , Murphy-Moulton , A. M , Burnett , R. T. , Brook , J. R. and Becklake , M. R. 1997 . Effects of air pollution on emergency room visits for respiratory illnesses in Montreal, Quebec . Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. , 154 : 300 – 307 .
   Google Scholar
• Dick , C. A. , Sing , P. , Daniels , M. , Evansky , P. , Becker , S. and Gilmour , M. I. 2003 . Murine pulmonary inflammatory responses following instillation of size-fractionated ambient particulate matter . J. Toxicol. Environ. Health A , 66 : 2193 – 2207 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dobrovolskaia , M. A. and Vogel , S. N. 2002 . Toll receptors, CD14, and macrophage activation and deactivation by LPS . Microbes Infect. , 4 : 903 – 914 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dolmetsch , R. E. , Xu , K. and Lewis , R. S. 1998 . Calcium oscillations increase the effriciency and specificity of gene expression . Nature , 392 : 933 – 936 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ghio , A. J. and Devlin , R. B. 2001 . Inflammatory lung injury after bronchial instillation of air pollution particles . Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. , 164 : 704 – 708 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ghio , A. J. , Bassett , M. , Chall , A. N. , Levin , D. G. and Bromber , P. A. 1998 . Bronchoscopy in health volunteers . J. Bronchoscopy , 5 : 185 – 194 .
   Google Scholar
• Hetland , R. B. , Casee , F. R. , Lag , M. , Refnes , M. , Dybing , E. and Shwarze , P. R. 2005 . Cytokine release from alveolar macrophages exposure to ambient particulate matter: Heterogeneity in relation to size, city, and season . Particle Fibre Toxicol. , 2 : 4 – 19 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hiura , T. S. , Kasuzubowski , M. P. , Li , N. and Nel , A. E. 1999 . Chemicals in diesel exhaust particles generate reactive oxygen radicals and induce apoptosis in macrophages . J. Immunol. , 163 : 5582 – 5591 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ilbaca , M. , Olaeta , I. , Campos , E. , Villaire , J. , Tellez-Rojo , M. M. and Romieu , I. 1999 . Association between levels of fine particulate and emergency visits for pneumonia and other respiratory illnesses among children in Santiago, Chile . J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. , 4 : 154 – 163 .
   Google Scholar
• Imrich , A. , Ning , Y. Y. , Koziel , H. , Coull , B. and Kobzik , L. 1999 . Lipopolysaccharide priming amplifies lung macrophage tumor necrosis factor production in response to air particles . Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. , 159 : 117 – 124 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ishii , H. , Fujii , T. , Hogg , J. C. , Hayashi , S. , Mukae , H. , Vincent , R. and van Eeden , S. I. 2004 . Contribution of IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha to the initiation of the peripheral lung response to atmospheric particles (PM10) . Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. , 287 : L176 – L183 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaul , N. and Forman , H. J. 1996 . Activation of NF KappaB by the respiratory burst of macrophages . Free Radical Biol. Med. , 21 : 410 – 405 .
   Google Scholar
• Kleinman , M. T. , Sioutas , C. , Chang , M. C. , Boere , A. G. and Cassee , F. R. 2003 . Ambient fine and coarse particle suppression of alveolar macrophage functions . Toxicol. Lett. , 137 : 151 – 158 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li , N. , Wang , M. , Oberley , T. D. , Sempf , J. M. and Nel , A. E. 2002 . Comparison of the pro-oxidative and proinflammatory effects of organic diesel exhaust particle chemicals in bronchial epithelial cells and macrophages . J. Immunol. , 169 : 4531 – 4541 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lien , E. , Means , T. K. , Heine , H. , Yoshimura , A. , Kosumoto , S. , Fukase , K. , Fenton , M. J. , Oikawa , M. , Querishi , N. , Monks , B. , Finberg , R. W. , Ingalls , R. R. and Golenbock , D. T. 2000 . Toll-like receptor 4 imparts ligand-specific recognition of bacterial lipopolysaccharide . J. Clin. Invest. , 105 : 497 – 504 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Madden , M. C. , Dailey , L. A. , Stonehuerner , J. G. and Harris , D. B. 2003 . Responses of cultured human airway epithelial cells treated with diesel exhaust extracts will vary with the engine load . J. Toxicol. Environ. Health A , 66 : 2281 – 2297 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maris , N. A. , Dessing , M. C. , de Vos , A. F. , Bresser , P. , van der Zee , J. S. , Jansen , H. M. , Spek , C. A. and van der Poll , T. 2006 . Toll-like receptor mRNA level in AM after inhalation of endotoxin . Eur. Respir. J. , 28 : 622 – 626 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mayeux , P. R. 1997 . Pathobiology of lipopolysaccharide . J. Toxicol. Environ. Health , 51 : 415 – 435 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Monn , C. and Becker , B. 1999 . Cytotoxicity and induction of proinflammatory cytokines from human monocytes exposed to fine (PM2.5) and coarse particles (PM10-2.5) in outdoor and indoor air . Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. , 155 : 245 – 252 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moolgavkar , S. H. 2003 . Air pollution and dailey mortality in two US counties: Season-specific analysis and exposure-response relationships . Inhal. Toxicol. , 15 : 877 – 907 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mundandhara , S. D. , Becker , S. and Madden , M. C. 2005 . Effects of diesel exhaust particles on human alveolar macrophage ability to secrete inflammatory mediators in response to lipopolysaccharide . Toxicol. In Vitro , 20 : 614 – 624 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• National Institute of Standards and Technology. 2008. Certificate of analysis, Standard Reference Material 2975, Diesel particulate matter (industrial forklift)Gaithersburg, MD, 1–8 https://srmors.nist.gov/certificates/2975.pdf
   Google Scholar
• National Institute of Standards and Technology. 2001. Certificate of analysis, Standard Reference Material (SRM) 1649a, Urban dustGaithersburg, MD, 1–22 https://srmors.nist.gov/certificates/1649A.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Nel , A. E. , Diaz-Sanchez , D. and Li , N. 2001 . The role of particulate pollutants in pulmonary inflammation and asthma: Evidence for the involvement of organic chemicals and oxidative stress . Curr. Opin. Pulmon. Med. , 7 : 20 – 26 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ntziachiristos , L. , Froines , J. R. , Cho , A. K. and Sioutas , C. 2007 . Relationship between redox activity and chemical speciation of size-fractionated particulate matter . Particle Fibre Toxicol. , 4 : 5
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Pick , E. and Keisari , Y. 1981 . Superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide production by chemically elicited peritoneal macrophages-induction by multiple nonphagocytic stimuli . Cell. Immunol. , 59 : 301 – 318 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Radassi , K. , Berton , B. , Petit , J. F. and Lemaire , G. 1993 . Role of calcium in the activation of mouse peritoneal macrophages: Induction of NO synthase by calcium ionophores and thapsigargin . Cell. Immunol. , 153 : 443 – 455 .
   Google Scholar
• Ramieu , I. , Meneses , F. , Ruiz , S. , Sienra , J. J. , Huerta , J. , White , M. C. and Etzel , R. A. 1996 . Effects of air pollution on the respiratory health of asthmatic children living in Mexico City . Am. J. Respr. Crit. Care Med. , 154 : 300 – 307 .
   Google Scholar
• Rankin , J. A. , Sylvester , I. , Smith , S. , Yoshimura , T and Leonard , E. J. 1990 . Macrophages cultured in vitro release leukotriene B4 and neutrophil attractant/activation protein (interleukin 8) sequentially in response to stimulation with lipopolysaccharide and zymosan . J. Clin. Invest. , 86 : 1556 – 1564 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Reed , C. E. and Milton , D. K. 2001 . Endotoxin-stimulated innate immunity: A contributing factor for asthma . J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. , 27 : 2634 – 2642 .
   Google Scholar
• Saxena , Q. B. , Saxena , R. K. , Siegel , P. D. and Lewis , D. M. 2003 . Identification of organic fractions of diesel exhaust particulate (DEP) which inhibit nitric oxide (NO) production from a murine macrophage cell line . Toxicol. Lett. , 143 : 317 – 322 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schober , W. , Lubitz , S. , Belloni , B. , Gebauer , G. , Lintelmann , J. , Matuschek , G. , Weichenmeir , I. , Eberlein-Konig , B. , Buters , J. and Behrendt , H. 2007 . Environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) enhance allergic inflammation by acting on human basophils . Inhal. Toxicol. Suppl. , 1 : 151 – 156 .
   Google Scholar
• Schwartz , D. A. , Thorne , P. S. , Jagielo , P. J. , White , G. E. , Bleuer , S. A. and Frees , K. L. 1994 . Endotoxin responsiveness and grain dust-induced inflammation in the lower respiratory tract . Am. J. Physiol. , 267 : L609 – L617 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwartz , J. 1996 . Air pollution and hospital admissions for respiratory disease . Epidemiology , 7 : 20 – 28 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwartz , J. , Slater , D. , Larson , T. V. , Pierson , W. E. and Koenig , J. Q. 1993 . Particulate air pollution and hospital emergency room visits for asthma in Seattle . Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. , 147 : 826 – 831 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sibille , Y. and Reynolds , H. Y. 1990 . Macrophage and polymorphonuclear neutrophils in lung defense and injury . Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. , 141 : 471 – 501 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steerenberg , P. A. , Withagen , C. E. , Dormans , J. A. M. A. , van Dalen , W. J. and van Loveren , H. 2003 . Adjuvant activity of various diesel exhaust and ambient particles in two allergic models . J. Toxicol. Environ. Health A , 66 : 1421 – 1439 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stieb , D. M. , Judek , S and Burnett , R. T. 2002 . Meta-analysis of time-series studies of air pollution and mortality: Effects of gases and particles and the influence of cause of death, age, and season . J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. , 52 : 470 – 484 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tao , F. , Gonzalez-Flexha , B. and Kobzik , L. 2003 . Reactive oxygen species in pulmonary inflammation by ambient particulates . Free Radical Biol. Med. , 35 : 327 – 340 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taylor , S. M. , Laegreid , W. W. , Englen , M. D. , Dani , G. M. , Silflow , R. M. , Liggit , H. D. and Leid , R. W. Influence of extracellular calcium on the metabolism of arachidonic acid in alveolar macrophages . J. Leukocyte Biol. , 48 502 – 511 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tsien , A. , Diaz-Sanchez , D. , Ma , J. and Saxon , A. 1997 . The organic component of diesel exhaust particles and phenanthrene, a major polyaromatic hydrocarbon constituent, enhances IgE production by IgE-secreting EBV-transformed human B cells in vitro . Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. , 142 : 256 – 263 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wright , S. D. , Ramos , R. A. , Tobias , P. S. , Ulevitch , R. J. and Mathison , J. C. 1990 . CD14, a receptor for complexes of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and LPS binding protein . Science , 249 : 1431 – 1433 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang , H M. , Berge , M. W. , Castranova , V. , May , J. K. , Yang , J. J. and Ma , J. Y. 1999 . Effects of diesel exhaust particles (DEP), carbon black, and silica on macrophage responses to LPS: Evidence of DEP suppression of macrophage activity . J. Toxicol. Environ. Health A , 58 : 261 – 278 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang , H. M. , Antonini , J. M. , Barger , M W. , Butterworth , L. , Roberts , B R. , Ma , J. K. , Castranova , V. and Ma , J. Y. 2001 . Diesel exhaust particles suppress macrophage function and slow the pulmonary clearance of Listeria monocytogenes in rats . Environ. Health Perspect. , 109 : 515 – 521 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang , H. M. , Ma , J. Y. , Castranova , V. and Ma , J. K. 1997 . Effects of diesel exhaust particles on the release of interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha from rat alveolar macrophages . Exp. Lung Res. , 23 : 269 – 284 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yin , X. J. , Dong , C. C. , Ma , J. Y. , Antonini , J. M. , Roberts , J. R. , Stanley , C. F. , Schafer , R. and Ma , J. K. 2004 . Suppression of cell-mediated immune responses to Listeria infection by repeated exposure to diesel exhaust particles in brown Norway rats . Toxicol. Sci. , 77 : 263 – 271 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang , P. , Summer , W. R. , Pagby , G. J. and Nelson , S. 2000 . Innate immunity and pulmonary host defense . Immunol. Rev. , 173 : 39 – 51 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar