Contaminated Soils (III): In Vitro Dermal Absorption of Ethylene Glycol and Nonylphenol in Human Skin

REFERENCES

• Acevedo , R. , Parnell , P. G. , Villanueva , H. , Chapman , L. M. , Gimenez , T. , Gray , S. L. and Baldwin , W. S. 2005 . The contribution of hepatic steroid metabolism to serum estradiol and estriol concentrations in nonylphenol treated MMTVneu mice and its potential effects on breast cancer incidence and latency . J. Appl. Toxicol. , 25 : 339 – 353 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. 2007. Toxicological profile for ethylene glycol. Draft for public comment, September 2007. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Atlanta, GA http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp96.html
   Google Scholar
• Bright , D. A. , Richardson , G. M. and Dodd , M. 2006 . Do current standards of practice in Canada measure what is relevant to human exposure at contaminated sites? I: A discussion of soil particle size and contaminant partitioning in soil . Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess. , 12 : 591 – 605 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bronaugh , R. L. , Stewart , R. F. and Simon , M. 1986 . Methods for in vitro percutaneous absorption studies. VII: Use of excised human skin . J. Pharm. Sci. , 75 : 1094 – 1097 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bunge , A. L. and Parks , J. M. 1998 . “ Soil contamination: Theoretical descriptions ” . In Dermal absorption and toxicity assessment Edited by: Roberts , M. S. and Walters , K. A. 669 – 696 . New York, Marcel Dekker
   Google Scholar
• Choate , L. M. , Ranville , J. F. , Bunge , A. L. and Macalady , D. L. 2006 . Dermally adhered soil: 1. Amount and particle-size distribution . Integr. Environ. Assess. Manage. , 2 : 375 – 384 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chu , I. , Dick , D. , Bronaugh , R. and Tryphonas , L. 1996 . Skin reservoir formation and bioavailability of dermally administered chemicals in hairless guinea pigs . Food Chem. Toxicol. , 34 : 267 – 276 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Driver , J. , Tardiff , R. G. , Sedik , L. , Wester , R. C. and Maibach , H. I. 1993 . In vitro percutaneous absorption of [14C] ethylene glycol . J. Expo. Anal. Environ. Epidemiol. , 3 : 277 – 284 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Environment Canada and Health Canada . Nonylphenol and its ethoxylates. Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999. Priority Substances List Assessment Report , Cat. No. En40-215/57E . Minister of Public Works and Government Services Canada 2001
   Google Scholar
• Franz , T. J. , Lehman , P. A. , Franz , S. F. , North-Root , H. , Demetrulias , J. L. , Kelling , C. K. , Moloney , S. J. and Gettings , S. D. 1993 . Percutaneous penetration of N-nitrosodiethanolamine through human skin (in vitro): Comparison of finite and infinite dose applications from cosmetic vehicles . Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. , 21 : 213 – 221 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Katritzky , A. R. , Dobchev , D. A. , Fara , D. C. , Hur , E. , Tamm , K. , Karunczi , L. , Karelson , M. , Varnek , A. and Solov'ev , V. P. 2006 . Skin permeation rate as a function of chemical structure . J. Med. Chem. , 49 : 3305 – 3314 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Korinth , G. , Geh , R. , Schaller , K. H. and Drexler , H. 2003 . In vitro evaluation of the efficacy of skin barrier creams and protective gloves on percutaneous absorption of industrial solvents . Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health. , 76 : 382 – 386 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Loden , M. 1986 . The in vitro permeability of human skin to benzene, ethylene glycol, formaldehyde, and n-hexane . Acta Pharmacol. Toxicol. , 58 : 382 – 389 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Monteiro-Riviere , N. A. , Van Miller , J. P. , Simon , G. , Joiner , R. L. , Brooks , J. D. and Riviere , J. E. 2000 . Comparative in vitro percutaneous absorption of nonylphenol and nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPE-4 and NPE-9) through human, porcine and rat skin . Toxicol. Ind. Health , 16 : 49 – 57 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moody , R. P. and MacPherson , H. 2003 . Determination of dermal absorption QSAR/QSPRs by brute force regression: Multiparameter model development with Molsuite 2000 . J. Toxicol. Environ. Health A , 66 : 1927 – 1942 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moody , R. P. and Maibach , H. I. 2006 . Skin decontamination: Importance of the wash-in effect . Food Chem. Toxicol. , 44 : 1783 – 1788 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moody , R. P. , Akram , M. , Dickson , E. and Chu , I. 2007a . In vitro dermal absorption of methyl salicylate, ethyl parathion, and malathion: First responder safety . J. Toxicol. Environ. Health A , 70 : 985 – 999 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moody , R. P. , Joncas , J. , Richardson , M. and Chu , I. 2007b . Contaminated soils (I): In vitro dermal absorption of benzo[a]pyrene in human skin . J. Toxicol. Environ. Health A , 70 : 1858 – 1865 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moody , R. P. , Joncas , J. , Richardson , R. , Petrovic , S. and Chu , I. 2009a . Contaminated soils (II): In vitro dermal absorption of nickel (Ni-63) and mercury (Hg-203) in human skin . J. Toxicol. Environ. Health A , 72 : 551 – 559 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moody , R. P. , Yip , A. and Chu , I. 2009b . Effect of cold storage on in vitro human skin absorption of six 14C radiolabelled environmental contaminants: Benzo[a]pyrene, ethylene glycol, methyl parathion, naphthalene, nonyl phenol and toluene . J. Toxicol. Environ. Health A , 72 : 505 – 517 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mortensen , G. K. and Kure , L. K. 2003 . Degradation of nonylphenol in spiked soils and in soils treated with organic waste products . Environ. Toxicol. Chem. , 22 : 718 – 721 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development . 2004 . “ Guidance document for the conduct of skin absorption studies ” . In OECD Environmental Health and Safety Publications Series on Testing and Assessment No. 28 , Paris : OECD .
   Google Scholar
• Potts , R. O. and Guy , R. H. 1995 . A predictive algorithm for skin permeability: The effects of molecular size and hydrogen bond activity . Pharm. Res. , 12 : 1628 – 1633 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Soto , A. M. , Justicia , H. , Wray , J. W. and Sonnenschein , C . 1991 . p-Nonyl-phenol: An estrogenic xenobiotic released from “modified”; polystyrene . Environ. Health Perspect. , 92 : 167 – 173 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Southwell , D. , Barry , B. W. and Woodford , R . 1984 . Variations in permeability of human skin within and between specimens . Int. J. Pharm. , 18 : 299 – 309 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spalt , E. W. , Kissel , J. C. , Shirai , J. H. and Bunge , A. L. 2009 . Dermal absorption of environmental contaminants from soil and sediment: a critical review . J. Expos. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. , 19 : 119 – 148 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sun , J. D. , Frantz , S. W. and Beskitt , J. L. 1995 . In vitro skin penetration of ethylene glycol using excised skin from mice and humans . J. Toxicol. Cutan. Ocular. Toxicol. , 14 : 273 – 286 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Upadhyay , S. , Carstens , J. , Klein , D. , Faller , T. H. , Halbach , S. , Kirchinger , W. , Kessler , W. , Csanady , G. A. and Filser , J. G. 2008 . Inhalation and epidermal exposure of volunteers to ethylene glycol: Kinetics of absorption, urinary excretion, and metabolism to glycolate and oxalate . Toxicol. Lett. , 178 : 131 – 141 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• U.S. Environmental Protection Agency . 1992 . “ Dermal absorption of compounds from soil ” . In Dermal exposure assessment: Principles and applications , Washington, DC : Office of Health and Environmental Assessment . chap. 6. EPA/600/8-91/011B
   Google Scholar
• U.S. Environmental Protection Agency . 1997 . “ Dermal route ” . In Exposure factors handbook , Washington, DC : Office of Research and Development, Office of Health and Environmental Assessment . chap 6. EPA/600/18-89/043
   Google Scholar
• Wester , R. C. and Maibach , H. I. 2005 . “ Skin contamination and absorption of chemicals from water and soil ” . In Topical absorption of dermatological products , Edited by: Bronaugh , R. L. and Maibach , H. I. 107 – 121 . New York : Marcel Dekker .
   Google Scholar
• Wilson , N. K. , Chuang , J. C. , Morgan , M. K. , Lordo , R. A. and Sheldon , L. S. 2007 . An observational study of the potential exposures of preschool children to pentachlorophenol, bisphenol-A, and nonylphenol at home and daycare . Environ. Res. , 103 : 9 – 20 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yourick , J. J. , Koenig , M. L. , Yourick , D. L. and Bronaugh , R. L. 2004 . Fate of chemicals in skin after dermal application: Does the in vitro skin reservoir affect the estimate of systemic absorption? . Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. , 195 : 309 – 320 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar